Repositório RCAAP

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

This work is the result of a master's research that has as main objective to identify the impact of the cost of the municipal teacher, in deviation of function, for the city hall of Cachoeira do Sul, in the period from 2010 to 2020. The perceptions about management of people in education and the costs of this policy, the specifications of education and educators, as well as the characteristics of the municipal public teaching. The methodology was an exploratory research and case study, with a qualitative and quantitative approach, as a data collection instrument the semi-structured interview with municipal managers of Administration, Education, Finance and the head of Internal Control of the municipality of Cachoeira do Sul, questionnaire on -line with teachers from the municipal network and documentary research, between the years 2010 to 2020. In addition, the ethical dimensions, the timetable and the data collection tool were presented. Teachers are the most qualified civil servants, due to the training and qualification requirements, there are financing laws to guarantee the effectiveness of this policy, which will impact the expenditure, in addition to the number of teachers on duty, who are paid from the single cashier from the city hall and are usually the most expensive for their training. Teachers feel devalued by management and by the community of Cachoeirense, in addition to the picture of many teachers on sick leave, interests, better pay, among other factors. It was concluded that there is an impact of the cost of the municipal teacher, in a deviation of function, for the city of Cachoeira do Sul, in the period from 2010 to 2020 and the proposed contributions to maximize possible impacts for the management, even this trend with signs of reduction.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

The path learned from being a person and a professional occurs through many challenges throughout the experiences in which relationships and structures are built that, in turn, impact others with the presence of the testimony of the successful action. The text, in a reflexive way, exposes, through an autobiographical narrative, a singular trajectory of learning marked by training and performance in teaching, research and extension. The motivation was the elaboration of a memorial for the ascension to the last level of the career “Titular Professor” at the Federal University of Santa Maria. Multiple learning emerges from experiences in multigrade classes to teaching in Postgraduate Studies in Latin America; the Professional Specialization in Psychology, with an Ontopsychology approach at the State University of St. Petersburg and the partnerships in research and training with the University of Geneva / Faculty of Educational Sciences (SU); participation in doctoral boards in the latter and in the University of Santiago de Compostela; participation in management in coordinating the Academic Masters in Education and in Pedagogy courses; in research guidelines, whether in IC, undergraduate TCC, Specialization, dissertation or doctoral thesis; conducting research, writing books, articles and participating in many academic events; but above all, in the day-to-day challenges of teaching over three decades, now on the fourth. The entire learning trajectory was led by Maestro Antonio Meneghetti who, through Ontopsychological Pedagogy, helped me to coin the most difficult, delicate and important part of my teaching profession, my personality.

This work presents the cello music written by the Brazilian composer Francisco Braga. In each piece, it was observed aspects such as, the time it was written, different versions, formal structure and tonal harmony. The music already published and the manuscripts were used to gain some knowledge about the composer’s life. Who was Francisco Braga, what we in fact know about him and the reasons to know him better were questions constantly addressed throughout this work. This study took into consideration aspects like the dedication written by the composer, publishers and editors, as well as the words written on the music. Musical and technical aspects were addressed in order to relate Francisco Braga’s cello compositions with the technical issues inherent to the cello. Thus, it was possible with Braga’s opus for the cello to investigate topics like, fingerings, bow strokes, position changes, vibrato, timbre, tempos, dynamics and phrasing. The Etudes used for teaching the cello and Braga’s pieces were related to discuss and exemplify musical and technical issues. Finally, the music for the cello by Francisco Braga provided a reflection about the practice carried out by the researcher as Professor of the Music Department and responsible for the Bachelor's degree in Cello Performance at the Universidade Federal de Santa Maria – UFSM.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

The present study, observational with analytic character of cross-sectional design evaluated oral characteristics, temporal and behavioral of institutionalized elderly in three philanthropic nursing homes located in Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. Twenty-three elderly people were examined in the “Abrigo Espírita Oscar José Pithan” (AE), 67 seniors in the “Lar das Vovozinhas” (LV) and 25 elderly in the“Asilo Vila Itagiba” (VI). The data were collected through clinical examination and questionnaires, concerning to the number of edentulous subjects, oral mucosal changes, last dental visit, alcohol dependence and tobacco consumption, to show differences, or similarities between the groups. It was observed that group VI trend to have a lower proportion of edentulous than group LV. Group VI trend to have an average higher oral mucosalchanges than group LV. It seems that the prevalence of smokers influenced this trend. Elderly group AE consulted more the dentist in the last year, compared to groups LV and VI. Group LV trend to have a lower proportion of smokers thangroups AE and VI.Subjects suspected of alcohol dependence (CAGE-positive) were not detected in the group LV. In conclusion, the detected number of edentulous subjects, oral mucosal changes, last dental visit and tobacco consumption were significantly different between the studied groups (AE, LV and VI).

Routine warm ups bring innumerous benefits for clarinetists, including mental preparation for performances, physical warm up, a review of the fundamentals of clarinet playing and greater consistency in performance (BURKE, 1995). This study, therefore, aimed to investigate pedagogical approaches to warm ups for clarinet used by experienced teachers, Avraham Galper (1999), D. Ray McClellan (1986) and Kelly Burke (1995), based on their teaching materials. More specifically, it aimed to verify how each teacher structures the warm up theme; analyze the elements each emphasizes in the warm up process; and reflect on the performance of these technical-musical elements in the routine warm up practices of clarinetists. Studies in the area of clarinet pedagogy by Clark (1983), McClellan (1987), Kycia (1999), Schmidt (2001), Cheeseman (2001), Dees (2005), Gunlogson (2006), Miller (2010), Pavlovski (2012), Eastwood (2015), Araújo (2016) and Tse (2018) grounded this qualitative multiple case study (YIN, 2005), which analyzed three exemplars of teaching material for the clarinet warm up. Semi-structured interviews were also carried out with D. Ray McClellan and Guy Yehuda, a previous student of Professor Avrahm Galper, and a questionnaire was completed by Professor Kelly Burke. Based on the data generated, the pedagogical approach of each teacher was described and analyzed in order to offer reflections and guidelines for creating routine warm up practices for the clarinet player. Among the particularities found in the approaches, we can mention the importance of developing sonority in the chalumeau register and the 2341 offbeat approach (GALPER, 1999), flexibility in changing the throat register by using the Thing technique and the technical approach to scales of Labanchi-Weber (McCLELLAN, 1986), exercises for the left and right hands and extended clarinet techniques (BURKE, 1995). It is also important to note that there is not a single way to approach the clarinet warm up and that the triad of sonority, technique and articulation make up the basis for developing a warm up routine. Finally, it is important to emphasize the value of establishing connections between the skills developed and the repertoire to be studied.

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This dissertation, from the Professional Masters Course of the Postgraduate Program in Public Policy and Educational Management (PPPG), sees the themes of Political Science as a fundamental analytical tool for understanding the discussions of Public Policy and Educational Management. Its general objective is to highlight the interrelationship between Political Science and Educational Public Policies, based on its introductory concepts. For specific objectives, it prioritizes: 1-Systematize the constitution of the Political Science field and its relationship with Public Policies; 2- Describe the courses of the Graduate Program in Public Policy and Educational Management at UFSM, emphasizing its dialogue with the field of knowledge of Political Science; 3- Develop a Political Science Glossary to help understand the contents of Public Policy and Educational Management. The investigation was based on a qualitative approach research, of the applied type, carried out in the Graduate Program in Public Policies and Educational Management, with students and teachers, using the techniques of bibliographic, documentary and field research, featuring itself as a case study. The product created was a Political Science Glossary whose purpose is to contribute to enabling and enhancing the reading and understanding of the field of Public Policy and Educational Management in the Graduate Program in Public Policy and Educational Management at UFSM. The field research and documental research evidenced the weakness of understanding and treatment of the theme of Political Science in the disciplines of the Pedagogical Projects of the PPPG courses, as well as in the training of teachers and students, who also highlighted their importance, as well as its non-availability during its initial training, in such a way as to justify the offer of the product on screen. It is expected that this investigation can contribute to the studies of Political Science applied to Education, an underdeveloped field of studies.

The objective of this research was to analyze the formation of the agenda related to ST&I in the Federal Institutes present in Rio Grande do Sul. It is a study of multiple cases where: the formation of the agenda for ST&I in the Federal Institutes analyzed; as a source of evidence documents, archival records and interviews; for data triangulation, Microsoft Excel® and NVIVO® software were used. In order to verify the theoretical trends on agenda formation, a Systematic Literature Review (RSL) was developed; in relation to the analysis of the agenda formation of the Federal Institutes, it was carried out through interviews and analysis of official documents. Regarding RSL, the sample comprised 116 studies from four databases: 9 from Scielo, 2 from Spell, 18 from Scopus and 87 from Web of Science. As main results, it is demonstrated that the multiple streams framework was applied in 27 studies. The punctuated equilibrium model (and its ramifications – Policy Agendas Project and Comparative Agendas Project), totaled 24 publications. It was observed that the agenda-setting theme evolves (from 1991 to 2012) from “emerging theme” to “motor/basic theme”, according to the classification proposed by Cobo et al. (2011). Regarding the agenda formation Institutes, the main emergencies demonstrate that the priorities established in the three bodies impact and contribute to: intelligent social and economic development; qualify and improve the management of the public agency; promote the capacity for innovation in the places where they are located; the development of basic and applied research. It was also observed that, within the scope of the three Institutes, the evidence indicates stability in the agenda formation, contrasting with a governmental agenda that is constantly receiving proposals for drastic changes, however, in the latter case, there has not yet been a coupling of streams so that these changes happen. In addition, the findings showed that the main actors in the agenda formation of these Institutes stand out: the students; campus directors; the members of the commissions that prepare the PDI; the members of the Superior Council; and the city halls.

Initially, motivated by the discoveries of the atrocities that occurred in experiments during World War II, research ethics became a recurrent theme in the scientific environment. It aims to guide researchers in conducting their activities in order to protect research participants against possible risks and harms and also to ensure the potential benefits, with social return. In this sense, the National Health Council, through its Resolutions, established in 1996 the National Commission on Research Ethics (CONEP) to manage the Research Ethics Committees (CEPs), which evaluate research projects involving human beings. Considered relatively young, the system still generates doubts and questions from its users, as well as difficulties regarding the formalization of projects with the Platform Brazil. Based on this context, it was defined as the objective of this study to know the perceptions of users in relation to the performance of CEP/UFSM. A case study was developed with data obtained through 376 opinions issued by the CEP, in the period from 2016 to 2019, and questionnaires applied to users, via Google Forms platform that obtained the return of 187 respondents. Content analysis was performed on the documentation surveyed, and the quantitative data from the respondents were analyzed using descriptive and factor statistics. The main pending issues found in the opinions are related to aspects of the Informed Consent Form (ICF), methodology, necessary formalities in the other mandatory documents and discordant information provided in the project, Plataforma Brasil and attached documents. Regarding the perceptions of users, it was found that with the exception of those who belong to the Health area, they do not feel that the specifics of their research are contemplated in the Resolutions issued by the CNS, even so, in general, there is understanding about what is ethics in research and why it is important. The main difficulty perceived in the process of submission and approval of a project is the use of the Platform Brazil, followed by the preparation of documents and obtaining institutional authorization. Despite the difficulties the respondents consider the CEP's quick return in evaluating the projects and find it easy to obtain information from the Committee, in addition, they consider the opinions issued clear and objective. It is concluded that the conduct of the operationalization of activities in the CEP/UFSM has acceptance by its users, but they lack training activities on the use of Platform Brazil, preparation of documents and legislation, especially in areas of specific knowledge.

The body, ephemeral territory, is composed by a set of sociocultural elements that cross under our being, dictating and elaborating the experience, merging the fibers, even of that one thicker skin. With a plural and changeable materiality, it operates from the perspective of the period and place where it lives. This is the object which our dissertation searches, through the lens of the image, to observe the symbolic borders. We also consider the political aspects of the body. Because, in this place where we become body, the dimensions aren’t fixed or stable, and the sources are inexhaustible. From this premise, and of the body as an investigative locus, we aim to understand in this work his interdictions and regimes. Through a Foucauldian perspective, we will analyze a dispositive of control and power, in the tradition called Pittura Infamante, performed during the 14th to 16th century in north-central Italy. The performance of these bodies, since the construction of the notions considered infamous, shameful and the interpretation of a infamous by a current moral, not only contributed to the formation of meanings, but was also conditioned by rites, practices and the language that marks their existence. As persons, we become a body from the speech, the discourse. With this in mind, we observe what was being said and seen from a fragment contained in the fresco “Last Judgment” by Giotto di Bondone (1306), which was part of this tradition.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Population aging requires new products development to meet consumer demand for nutritious, attractive, and healthy foods. Whey protein concentrate and Spirulina are promising ingredients for the food industry, as they present in their composition essential elements to nutrition and health beneficial. The microencapsulation technique may be an alternative to keep its functionality and allow greater control in the bioactive release. We aimed to develop a dairy-based drink for elderly segment, with microencapsulated Spirulina. The methodological steps consisted of Spirulina microencapsulation and microcapsules characterization; elaboration, physical-chemical and microbiological characterization of three formulations of milk-based beverage mixture (Control, with free Spirulina and with microencapsulated Spirulina); and evaluation of drink effects in vivo. Microencapsulation was performed through ionic gelation technique, in whic we evaluated encapsulation efficiency, water solubility, acid and basic media release profile, morphology, thermal resistance, chemical interactions and particle size of the microcapsules; besides the proximal composition and microbiological parameters of the mixture for the preparation of the beverage. Intervention in humans occurred with 40 individuals over 60 years of age, through daily consumption for 30 days. Biochemical markers of bone remodeling (acid phosphatase, alkaline phosphatase, calcium and creatinine) and lipid profile (total cholesterol, LDL, HDL and triglycerides) were evaluated before starting consumption and at the end of the intervention. Microcapsules have approximately 70% Spirulina, improved thermal stability and are resistant stomach acidity. With the microencapsulation industrial Spirulina application can be extended, however it is always necessary to evaluate food matrix interactions. Microalga bioactivity was altered by microencapsulation, and microencapsulated Spirulina formulation presented more promising results compared to in vivo study parameters. Results indicate that the microencapsulated spirulina milk-based beverage has potential to be introduced into the elderly diet.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the modulation of skeletal muscle fibres from Ile de France lambs fed with levels of whole cottonseed (WCS), as well as to develop sheep meat products and characterise them. This study was composed of three experimental tests. The first evaluated the serum levels, modulation, and performance of skeletal muscle fibres of Longissimus thoracis of Ile de France lambs fed with whole cottonseed and its relation to meat quality. The skeletal muscle fibres were identified by histochemical analysis and classified according to contraction velocity, staining and metabolism. Fifty Ile de France lambs, five references and five treatments (0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% WCS in the diet) were used, with nine replicates and a completely randomised design. The linear and quadratic trends, as well as the Spearman partial correlation between fibre characteristics and meat quality (58 variables) were evaluated, with whole cottonseed levels being used as covariates. Serum cholesterol, total protein and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase levels increased (P<0.05) according to the level of inclusion of whole cottonseed. The effect of time (reference × WCS) on the modulation of muscle fibres, with an increase (P<0.05) of red fibres, reduction (P<0.05) of glycolytic fibres, and transition (P<0.05) of Type IIB to Type IIA fibres was observed. The effect of the diet was observed only for the variable relative area of Type IIC fibres, with a linear tendency that increased according to the inclusion of whole cottonseed. It was concluded that the effect of time (reference × CA) was more pronounced than the effect of diet on the characteristics of muscle fibres, which was correlated with meat quality. In the second and third experiments, the physicochemical, technological and sensorial properties of hamburger and meatballs that were prepared with meat from lambs fed on different levels of whole cottonseed were evaluated. Each experiment was conducted in a completely randomised design, with five treatments (0; 10; 20; 30; 40% WCS) and four replicates. The data were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) at 5% significance and the significant results were submitted to regression analysis. In the hamburger, the addition of whole cottonseed to the lambs' diets decreased (P<0.05) the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances in the lamb meat and altered (P<0.05) the physicochemical characteristics of the hamburgers, which were characterised by low lipid (̂= 4.27), cholesterol (̂= 75.15) and caloric content (̂= 122.04). The results regarding cooking characteristics were directly related to the microscopic observations regarding the hamburgers; the more cohesive structures exhibited better (P<0.05) performance after cooking, with increased (P<0.05) cooking yield and moisture retention and decreased (P<0.05) cooking loss. The levels of whole cottonseed did not influence (P>0.05) the texture profile, but they negatively affected the acceptability of the hamburgers (P<0.05); as the levels of whole cottonseed increased the scores for the sensorial attributes decreased (P<0.05). Thus, for hamburger formulations, a maximum inclusion of 16.7% WCS in the dry matter of the diet of lambs is recommended. The meatballs prepared with lamb from animals fed on whole cottonseed presented higher (P<0.05) ash content. All the meatball formulations presented low levels of lipids (̂= 2.90) and cholesterol (̂= 74.15 mg/100g), as well as high protein content (̂= 18.92). The difference (P<0.05) observed in the variables of the cooking characteristics did not influence the texture profile, which was related to the microscopic observations of the product. In the triangle test for difference, the testers did not perceive difference between the control meatballs (0% WCS) and those with up to 30% WCS. However, in the acceptance test the testers detected sensory alteration starting at a level of 12.5% WCS. Thus, it is possible to produce meatballs with meat from lambs fed on up to 12.5% WCS in the dry matter of their diet without altering the sensory characteristics of the product.