RCAAP Repository

Quanto à produção dos primeiros queijos no Brasil, não existe um consenso na literatura, porém, vários estudos afirmam que os portugueses foram os pioneiros na sua implementação. Existem várias leis regulamentadoras da produção no país, as quais passam por constantes mudanças ao longo do tempo, a fim de assegurar um produto de excelente qualidade. No que tange à produção de queijos artesanais, é importante destacar a lei do “Selo Arte”, que é a principal certificação que permite a comercialização de produtos artesanais feitos a partir de matéria prima de origem animal. Diante disso, objetivo do presente trabalho foi investigar se a produção de queijos artesanais vem atendendo as exigências estabelecidas pela legislação em vigor no Brasil. Para isso foi realizado um estudo de revisão sistemática da literatura. Para obtenção dos trabalhos foi feita uma pesquisa nas bases de dados da Scielo, Scopus, Web Of Science e Banco de Dados de Teses e Dissertações (BDTD). Os trabalhos selecionados visaram responder a seguinte pergunta questão: Quais as dificuldades que as queijarias artesanais enfrentam para seguir as normas estabelecidas pela legislação brasileira? Os resultados dos estudos revelam que grande maioria dos pequenos produtores não se adequam a legislação referente a produção de queijos artesanais e apontam como principal motivo a situação financeira, tendo em vista os elevados custos para obtenção de ferramentas que possibilitem fazer uma produção 100% dentro das normas.

The aim of this study was to monitor the phenological development of okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L., malvaceae), cultivar Santa Cruz 47, in pots with different sources of organic matter. The research was carried out at the State University of Alagoas Campus from January to December 2020 in the greenhouse. The experiment started with the germination test in seed and pots. After the seeds were germinated, the phenology monitoring was carried out. The experimental design was completely randomized, with 4 treatments (t1 - soil without manure, t2 - soil + carbonized rice husk, t3 - soil + goat manure and t4 - soil + cattle manure) and 5 replications, totaling 20 pots. After 20 days of sowing, the plants were thinned, leaving only one plant in each pot, the variables analyzed after thinning were: plant height (AP), stem diameter (DC), number of leaves (NF) and number of flower buds (NBF), in all repetitions. Phenological data were submitted to ANOVA (analysis of variance) for mean comparison. In data analysis, it was found that there was a significant difference between treatments, especially those with cattle and goat manure.

Tomato is considered one of the most demanding vegetables in soil nutrition, the amount of nutrients extracted is relatively small, because the efficiency of nutrient absorption by the plant is low, but it can contribute to a better efficiency in its phenology. The objective of this study was to know the efficiency of the effects of doses of the mix of organic fertilizer on Floral Biology in cultivars of cherry tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L., solanaceae) kept in a greenhouse. The research was conducted in a greenhouse belonging to the State University of Alagoas, Campus I, located in Arapiraca-AL. Cultivated during the period from August/2020 to July/2021. The experimental design was completely randomized (DIC) in a factorial scheme with four treatments with and 5 replications (T1 - control soil, T2 - soil with mixed mineral fertilizer dose, T3 - soil with saltpeter dose, T4 - soil with lime dose of shells).. The phenological varieties of cherry tomatoes (Solanum lycopersicum L., solanaceae) that were evaluated in the pre-harvest period were: height (cm), stem diameter (DC), lateral branches (RL), number of leaves (NFO), flower buds (BF), number of fruits (NFR), chlorophyll and soil moisture. Data records were collected weekly in a spreadsheet with the varieties evaluated since the thinning of the seedlings. Data were analyzed using the quadratic equation for the effects of doses of the organic-mineral fertilizer mix.

This study aimed to determine the diameter distribution of arboreal and regenerating individuals in an area of Caatinga in recovery process. The work was developed at the NUPEARIDO farm, Patos – PB, where adult individuals of the species Mimosa tenuiflora and Cnidoscolus quercifolius were planted in 2008 and in 2014, the secondary Handroanthus impetiginosus and Amburana cearensis. Diameter measurements were performed at breast level (DBH) and at ground level (DNS), for the trees and regenerants of both species, respectively. Mortality of secondary species and soil moisture content were also observed over the months of the year. The results showed that the arboreal individuals of both pioneer species are centered in the diameter class II (12-22 cm). As for regenerants, the largest number of individuals is found in diameter class I (0.2-12 mm) for Mimosa tenuiflora and class II (12 – 22 mm) for Cnidoscolus quercifolius. The high mortality of secondary species was found. The largest diameters were found in the first diametric classes, in which the climatic conditions may be related to the development of the species and the regeneration process in an area undergoing recovery requires time to adapt to local conditions.

The present study aims to describe the aspects related to the factors that influence the attempt and/or suicide among medical class. This is an integrative review realized at Pubmed, Virtual Health Library (Medline, LILACS e IBECS) and Scielo. The following descriptors were used in Health Sciences (DeCS), "Suicide", "physicians" and "doctors" and the Boolean operator (AND). As inclusion criteria, full papers published in Portuguese and English during the last six years (2015-2020) related to the subject of this study. From the crossing of the descriptors, 82 references were gathered, and 8 articles was selected as research samples. It was verified that several factors are associated to suicidal ideation and suicide like depression end development of psychological disorders.  It is hoped that this research can bring a warning to the entire medical community of the risks faced by these professionals and the importance of preserving the mental health.

The present research focused on the original processes and the present conditions of the sandy features called paleodunes along the São Francisco River in the states of Bahia and Pernambuco. Such features are significant records for the understanding of the climatic elements and factors that act over these areas, which are essential for understanding the genesis and evolution of these features through historical time. In this sense, the objective of this article was to analyze the discussions and the scientific records of researchers about this theme, from a systematic literature review, motivated to answer guiding questions (QNs). In order to answer the listed problematic, it was performed, from descriptors, the consultation in search sites, works that approached the theme in thesis, using strict inclusion and exclusion criteria of the findings, through a previously elaborated protocol, with a stipulated time frame. The publications found discuss the processes of origin, evolution, current conditions of these features and possible mitigating actions for the impacts, and point to the need for conservation of these paleoenvironments.

A mandioca é um dos alimentos ricos em amido mais consumido no mundo, ficando atrás apenas do arroz e do milho. O Brasil ocupa a quarta posição entre os maiores produtores do tubérculo, onde, se destaca tanto nutricionalmente quanto culturalmente. Diante disso, este trabalho objetiva analisar se a modernização da cadeia produtiva da mandioca no Brasil tem acontecido em consonância com as inovações tecnológicas. Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura a partir da busca de artigos científicos, publicados entre os anos de 1990 e 2020, nas bases de dados da Scielo, Scopus e Web of Science. Após um processo de triagem, foram selecionados 13 estudos que objetivaram responder a seguinte pergunta questão: Nos últimos anos, no Brasil, a cadeia da mandioca tem acompanhando as tendências de inovação tecnológica? Verificou-se que a mandioca tem diversas aplicações na indústria de alimentos, entretanto a forma é ineficiente, visto que grande parcela da produção é advinda da agricultura familiar, que geralmente utiliza técnicas rudimentares e plantas com pouca resistência a pragas e doenças, além da baixa produtividade. Por fim, conclui-se que há espaço para aumento da produtividade, melhoria na conservação dos tubérculos, diminuição dos impactos ambientais e desenvolvimento de novos produtos, porém é necessário amenizar gargalos como a falta de investimentos financeiros e de assistência técnica, componentes essenciais para modernização da cadeia produtiva da mandioca no Brasil.   ABSTRACT: Cassava is one of the most consumed starchy foods in the world, second only to rice and corn. Brazil ranks fourth among the largest tuber producers, where it stands out both nutritionally and culturally. Therefore, this paper aims to analyze whether the modernization of the cassava production chain (Manihot esculenta Crantz) in Brazil has taken place in line with technological innovations. A systematic literature review was carried out based on the search for scientific articles, published between 1990 and 2020, in the databases of Scielo, Scopus and Web of Science. After a screening process, 13 studies were selected that aimed to answer the following question: In recent years, in Brazil, has the cassava chain been following trends in technological innovation? It was found that cassava has several applications in the food industry, however the form is inefficient, since a large portion of the production comes from family farming, which generally uses rudimentary techniques and plants with little resistance to pests and diseases, in addition to low productivity. Finally, it is concluded that there is room for increasing productivity, improving the conservation of tubers, reducing environmental impacts and developing new products, but it is necessary to alleviate bottlenecks such as the lack of financial investments and technical assistance, essential components for modernization of the cassava production chain in Brazil.

It is common to observe disposal without any reuse of dry or organic waste. Food waste represents a relevant portion of the produced waste, as is the case of citrus fruits. Despite the consumption of the fruit itself or the juice, the peel is wasted, causing the loss of potential products present in it, such as essential oils, used in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical sectors due to their varied properties. Another household waste is vegetable oil, which is important for human consumption, but due to incorrect disposal, it has serious environmental impacts. This work was conducted during Pharmacognosy subject in Pharmacy course aimed to promote practical activities in laboratory and awaken ideas of sustainability in the students. In this context, the extraction of essential oil was performed from reused orange peel and rosemary leaves, for the manufacture of therapeutic soaps from the reuse of vegetable oil. As a result, a sustainable soap was obtained with medicinal characteristics. This practice has become quite effective, demonstrating its possible applicability to places that produce these types of waste.

Anthropology has stood out when studying man and his relationship with the environment, to the point of thinking about a construction of an ecological culture coherent with the needs of contemporaneity and with the development of a truly sustainable society. The objective of this research is to relate the structuralist cultural anthropology of Lévi-Strauss and the sustainability of the Riacho Reginaldo Hydrographic Basin, in the municipality of Maceió, Alagoas. The methodology corresponds to a literature review and identification of space, time, model of modern society through Lévi-Strauss' structuralist theory, in addition to the social, environmental and cultural characteristics of this watershed. The results show the relationship between structuralist theory and sustainable social awareness. Lévi-Strauss affirms that for the future of contemporary societies, preserving or restoring the psychological, social and moral factors inherent in the production systems of cold societies and with that, the propagation of sustainable development, uniting primitive ideas with Western thoughts. In the Riacho Reginaldo watershed, it is important to raise awareness of the local population and efficient public policies aimed at sustainability, in addition to depollution projects in order to reduce odor and the large amount of solid waste generated.

The electronic cigarette (EC) was introduced in the market as a less harmful alternative to conventional cigarettes (CC) and as a therapeutic option to combat smoking, and soon gained the market, attracting mainly the young and adolescent public. Despite this, several studies have suggested that the chronic and acute use of ECs is directly linked to the emergence of various respiratory, gastrointestinal and oral diseases, among others, in addition to causing dependence and encouraging the use of CC. The objective of this research was to carry out a survey about the damage to health caused using EC. A bibliographic survey was carried out in scientific databases indexed in the Scielo, Google scholar and Portal Capes from 2016, using the descriptors " electronic cigarette", "pathology" and "disease" in English and Portuguese. Therefore, it was possible to notice that the literature indicates that the use of these electronic devices can cause lung injuries, acute poisoning, compromise oral health, alter gastrointestinal homeostasis and generate dependence. On the other hand, knowledge about these harms is still not widespread among its users. Therefore, the importance of researching and elucidating all the physiological mechanisms altered by the use of electronic vaporizers is evident, as well as disseminating this information about this new habit to the population.

Arsenic is a major concern for the environment, as its rate of soil contamination is intense, whether in natural processes or by human activities (use of insecticides, herbicides and fertilizers). Bioremediation is a sustainable technique that can be considered safe, less costly and aggressive to the environment and uses microorganisms as a tool for the remediation of soils contaminated by arsenic, in order to reduce or eliminate the degradation of these soils. Given the need for the scientific community to improve its techniques and several companies, especially those related to consulting and environmental remediation, arouse interest in the implementation of bioremediation, as an option for the rehabilitation of contaminated areas. The objective is to elaborate a wide literature review and identify the main characteristics of arsenic soil contamination, using bioremediation. An integrative literature review was applied using the terms Arsenic, Bioremediation and Soil in Portuguese, English and Spanish. We searched the databases Scielo, Pubmed, Academic Google and BDTD using a 10 years time-frame. The review showed that soil contamination with arsenic directly affects the quality of agricultural products, productivity, ecosystem sustainability and biodiversity. It is concluded that the available bioremediation techniques often need to be used together, in order to face the mixture of different toxic components in the same area

This article approach some aspects related to the contribuition of the IRAMUTEQ software subsidizing the researcher in the construction of a colaborative text for the final syntesis of interviews carried out through the Hermeneutic-Dialectical Circle (CHD), element of the Interactive Methodology (MI). This methodology proposes the elaboration of an interactive syntesis (SI) built fro the sucessive review of the partial syntesis evaluated by researcher through contribuitions from the interviewed subjects, characterizing the CHD. The research subjects, graduates of a teacher’s formation in Biology, got together and built the syntesis, in the forma of a set of metatexts with themes and topics obtained in the analysis cycle. The presentation of the themes and words most evoked by a categorization illstrated by the textual analysis which the software together with the researcher’s pre-analysis understood us to the consolidation of a network of casual nexus between the subjects and the meanings of their perceptions in the elaboration of the interactive syntesis.

The recent crisis triggered by Covid-19 has affected all sectors of the economy, generating unemployment and, consequently, the loss of income for workers across the planet. Many of them, faced with this unfavorable context, end up harboring feelings of nonconformity, revolt and non-acceptance of the new situation. Some cannot get over the traumatic moment. However, others will see opportunities and will stand out with more “power”. The theory of empowerment is based, among other things, on the awareness of the individual's exclusion in order to reverse the process that segregates him socially, politically and psychologically. Thus, this article aims to present the first of the five empowerment categories presented by Kieffer (1984) and point out how it is identified in the dynamics of two groups present in the Opinion Poll on the impacts of the coronavirus pandemic on Brazilian society, promoted by the Federal Administration Council, in 2020. Through a documentary research, it was possible to verify that entrepreneurs and employees of the private sector were experiencing similar concerns in the first months of the pandemic and that the resulting context of such a moment may represent opportunities to overcome.

The study aimed to analyze the impacts of university extension carried out with family farming, in the training of professionals linked to agrarian sciences. A project developed by the Polytechnic College of the Federal University of Santa Maria, which approaches students together, from contexts involving family farming in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul, was used as a case. The method used for data collection was the focus group involving three students participating in the project, two from courses related to agricultural sciences and one linked to the administration course. In their testimonies, the students indicated the development of technical skills, of communication and knowledge mobilization, aimed at solving problems faced by family farming, awakening, behaviors such as cooperation, empathy, solidarity and justice. It was concluded that the dialogue between students and family farmers, mediated by university extension, has contributed to the formation of qualified professionals for the world of work and sensitive to the social and economic contexts that involve family farming in the region. At the same time, the project has contributed to the reconfiguration of organizational and productive processes in family farming, aimed at sustainable production, food security, as well as stimulating solidarity trade.

O processo de expansão urbana desordenado e sem planejamento tem provocado diversos problemas de cunho ambiental, social e econômico, dentre eles tem-se a ocupação indevida em encostas urbanas. É neste contexto que o referido artigo objetivou estudar as características habitacionais, ambientais e de qualidade de vida na encosta urbana ocupada pela comunidade do Alto do Cento e Vinte, em Viçosa – Alagoas. A metodologia é pautada em levantamento e leitura bibliográfica e documental, trabalho de campo, composição de acervo iconográfico e a utilização de softwares para elaboração da proposta de Habitação e Interesse Social. A comunidade em questão é histórica e a encosta urbana ocupada pela mesma carece de uma atenção do poder público no que se refere ao risco ambiental e a qualidade de vida, esta, expressada pelas moradias e as condições socioeconômicas. Muitas moradias já foram condenadas pela Defesa Civil e isto já é um indício de ponto de atenção. A relevância deste trabalho perpassa não apenas por uma discussão crítica a respeito de uma temática muito estudada por diversos pesquisadores, mas sobretudo, pelo fato de trazer uma proposta de HIS levando em consideração o Plano Diretor do município. Consiste em um trabalho colaborativo e interdisciplinar com o intuito de contribuir na tomada de decisão do poder público.  

This paper aims to analyze the dynamics of alagoas public debt in the period 1997-2020, considering the effort to comply with contractual clauses in the face of low fiscal collection capacity and clearly fragile social and economic structures. The starting point is the federative pact signed in the 1990s, under the protection of Law No. 9,496/97 and, later, complementary laws 148/2014 and 156/2016. The research is based on data provided by the State Department of Finance of Alagoas (SEFAZ), database of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) and specific bibliographic research. The objective is, in the light of a critical analysis, to unveil the public indebtedness of Alagoas, submerged in long-term contracts, updated by inflationary indices, interest rates and exchange rate variations, throughout the analyzed period.

In recent decades, studies referring to the activities of secondary compounds from plants have intensified, presenting great importance for the pharmaceutical, biotechnological and agricultural industries. Therefore, the objective of this work was to identify the secondary metabolites present in the hydroethanolic leaf extract of Libidibia ferrea (Mart. ex Tul.) L.P. Queiroz. To prepare the extract, the collected leaves were crushed and the constituents were extracted from 100g of dry weight of plant material, using ethanol and autoclaved distilled water as an extracting medium. The identification of secondary metabolites was based on precipitation and coloration of the extract diluted in solution and specific reagents for each phytochemical test. The results obtained revealed the presence of phenols, pyrogal tanites, flavononols, catechins, flavanones, steroids and saponins, with no positive reaction for phlobaphenic tannins, anthocyanin, anthocyanidin, flavones, flavonols, xanthones, chalcones, aurones, tricoanthocyanidins and thiocyanidins. It is concluded that the hydroethanolic leaf extract of the species evaluated presents chemical compounds with important biological activities, noting the need for advanced studies to confirm the biotechnological potential of this extract.

It is a fact that universal access to quality water is essential for the health andpreservation of the environment and the consequent sustainability of a society. According toFiocruz (FIOCRUZ, 2020) one in four health care centers in the world lacks basic water services,affecting 2 million people, and more than five million people die each year in the world due towater-borne diseases, according to the WHO UNICEF report. The world follows the increase indeforestation for decades where Cruz (2014) clearly highlights that the goal of improving climateconditions and housing with basic sanitation depends on priorities listed by each country. ThePiauí de Arapiraca river basin suffers intense environmental degradation, receiving in its pathwastewater from homes, industries, health centers and agricultural activities, which flow into thedam of Vila Bananeira, site and object of ongoing research. There are several ways to assess waterquality in water bodies, among them physicochemical analyzes stand out as quality parameters.The National Health Foundation physical-chemical analysis guide was used, whose parameterswere Total Alkalinity, Chlorides, Turbidity, pH, Total Hardness and Conductivity, of water fromthe dam of Vila Bananeira, collected in two months with different rainfall levels. All parameterswere in normal conditions according to the Ministry of Health Ordinance No. 2.914/2011according to national and international standards.

The objective of the qualitative study is to describe the institutional relationship and themultidimensionality between State and Community in the semiarid region of Alagoas, based on teaching,research and extension. The sensitizing theoretical approach dealt with the themes: institutionalrelationship, to bring - horizontally - the State (three public education organizations) and the Community(family farmers); multidimensionality, by the composition of more than one area of knowledge -Administration, Accounting, Meteorology and Geography; and the teaching, research and extensiontripod, because it involves teachers and students in the action, based on a scientific method, which for the study was the participatory Action-Research (PA). This method assumes that there must be a real social demand - that of family farmers - and that, based on this, scientific knowledge - based on merit - helps to carry out the action, that is, to solve local problems. Data collection, primarily primary, took placethrough informal conversations, intensive interviews and a questionnaire. As considerations, from the PAphases, it was possible to develop actions - built in consensus between teachers, students and farmers -considering the demand of farmers, guided by the notion of coexistence with the semiarid and theexchange of knowledge.

Este texto apresenta as análises realizadas em uma pesquisa com crianças e tem como objetivo examinar, por meio das narrativas das crianças, como a atual conjuntura social tem afetado suas subjetividades, seus territórios e os modos de viver suas infâncias em tempo de pandemia. Situa-se em duas comunidades quilombolas de um dos sertões alagoano. Como problema (s) de pesquisa, buscou-se compreender como as crianças quilombolas estão atravessando e sendo atravessadas pelos discursos e práticas construídas na pandemia? Como a escola, enquanto um espaço de interação entre as crianças, de trocas e construção de cultura e experiências, tornou-se um lugar distante e não habitado por elas? Desse modo, o texto envereda pelo viés dos estudos decoloniais,  contrapondo a lógica adultocêntrica, eurocêntrica e colonizadora sobre as crianças de um modo geral e, especificamente, sobre as crianças quilombolas. Para tal caminho investigativo, utilizamos a pesquisa qualitativa com foco no estudo de caso. Foram realizadas conversações entre as crianças e as pesquisadoras, bem como produções de desenhos criados pelas crianças que ilustram as suas impressões sobre suas cotidianidades, as relações que estabelecem com outras crianças nos espaços de interação como a escola, a rua e a praça antes e durante a pandemia. O referencial teórico parte de Abramowicz; Rodrigues (2014); Quijano (2014); Gallo (2018); Mbembe (2018), entre outros autores. Inferimos que há, entre as falas das crianças, similitudes sobre a saudade que sentem de brincar, de correr na rua, do recreio e dos/as amigos/as que encontravam no espaço escolar e em outros espaços nos quais elas transitavam antes da pandemia.