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In the 19th century, the Captaincy of Rio Grande de Sao Pedro was considered a desirable space in foreign travelers records and chronicles, with interesting observations. This is the case of Domingos Jose Marques Fernandes, born in Sao Salvador do Couto of Pedralva in Braga, Portugal, who, on September 10th, 1804, offered a "Chorographic, Political, Civic and Military description" of the Captaincy to John, Prince Regent of Portugal and Brazil, Algarves and its domains. His intention was to inform the sovereign about what he witnessed and recommend actions to promote and foster the gains of the Portuguese State. The document consists of 90 pages, divided into four chapters, addressing physical and human geography of the area, as well as its major villages. He then describes its economic potential, offering reasons to populate the Captaincy. The analysis of this lesser known document highlights its relevance to the knowledge of the extreme south after the Portuguese conquered the above-mentioned territory, which was later conquered by the Spaniards in 1801, and defined by the Treaty of Badajoz in the same year .

Based on the unpublished manuscript "A Província do Rio Grande do Sul - descripção e viagens", which describes the travels of Henry Schutel Ambauer (1840-1899) in the end of 1850, this study aims to analyze topics relating to customs, culinary habits now forgotten, the rustic life of inhabitants, the nature almost untouched, the decisive influence of climatic factors in the daily lives of travelers, the hardiness of land routes, the importance of rivers in travels of the past and the hospitality of the gauchos, which varied from the warmest welcome possible to the coldness of a lying in the open at night.

The present paper aims to analyze the reports of European and Latin American travelers through the city of Sao Leopoldo in southern Brazil, between the years 1834 and 1906. Following the foreigner's point of view, some aspects of the village and later the city of Sao Leopoldo can be highlighted, including what characterized it as a "German city". Other aspects contributed to the construction of this point of view. Among other things, the use of the German language (dialects) and the way immigrants organized and used the city and its surroundings, whether for work, leisure or sociability.

This article analyzes the account by missionary Thomas Schoenaerts, from the Premonstratensian order, on his stay in Brazil (1901-1904), in Jaguarao, and his work as a teacher. His narrative includes significant facts about the culture, habits, education and transport in the gaucho state. His fascination by fauna, geology and geography enabled him to leave good descriptions of the gaucho region, as well as a critical view of blacks and interracial relations in the region in the early 20th century.

This paper aims to compare what was seen and written by Saint-Hilaire, Seidler and Roquette-Pinto in relation to the North Coast of Rio Grande do Sul. The first two travelers passed through this region in the first decades of the 19th century, whereas the third traveled along the coast in 1906. Therefore, there is a gap of about a hundred years between these views of the coast. The nature and its attributes are the main focus of this comparison exercise.

The purpose of this study is to analyze the letters written by a European traveler who came to Rio Grande do Sul on a religious mission in order to verify the conditions of spirituality in the Italian colonies. This traveler was an apostolic entrepreneur, considered as a strategist by his religious order. The study of his letters opens the possibility to know his impressions of the Italian colonies and the strategies outlined for the foundation of the Capuchin mission in Rio Grande do Sul. The letters were taken from the book "A Igreja e os Capuchinhos do Rio Grande do Sul", from 1895-1909, written by Father Bruno Gillonnay. They consist of fifteen letters, ranging from the departure of Bordeaux, landing in Rio Grande Port, arrival in Porto Alegre, the route to Garibaldi, the impressions that the foreigner had of the Italian colonies and the way he describes them to his superiors, explaining the free land and the future work that they would have to settle these colonies.

Through an epistemological and methodological perspective of the political uses of the past, this article aims to analyze the particular historical narrative that Italy produced at the time of fascism in regard to its connection with Latin America, especially in the 1920s. It is in this decade that interest in the South American subcontinent appears with special force, amid an elevation of prestige, economic disputes and the presence of yearnings for a 'new' Italy in the region. Taking advantage of the Italian production of the liberal past and the late 19th century, we perform a reconceptualization in the form of a cognitive set of intrinsic and 'natural' relationships between the Latin nations as a whole. This acts as a mythic-symbolic instrument of integration through an idealized past, often fictitious, like a mirage.

In the second decade of the twentieth century, so after the end of World War I, Italian travelers as D'Atri, Bianco, Bonacci, Carrara and Bortolotti visited Brazil and published books, intending to realize his "impressions" of the country. Justifying their views on the Italian immigration, provide data for understanding the phenomenon, sometimes highlighting the issue of Italian identity, since it is the same for them desired. Thus, the study aims to analyze aspects of life of immigrants in Brazilian cities between 1910 and 1926, and the strategies developed for the construction and maintenance of an identity among Italian immigrants, from the word of those travelers-writers.

As we read the descriptions of European travelers about Brazil during the 19th century, we realize that previous stereotypes are reaffirmed by scientific knowledge, on the assumption of excellence of their culture and confirmation of a model of what would really be a human and a civilization. To get a closer idea of how this process came to be, we analyze some studies on Italian identity in its various forms, focusing on the description given by the Italian travelers on a specific element, already addressed by several studies - the woman. The time: 19th century. The place: Brazil. Our main object of study will be the reports by Italian doctor Alfonso Lommonaco, "Al Brasile", published in Milan in 1889, and by naturalist Ermano Stradelli and Francesco Ammannati "Um viaggio ai confini del mondo", 1865-1868. We believe that the reports of travelers also reveal the attitudes that lead us to better understand society and the role of women in it.

The text aims to describe, comment and compare two experiences of Italian travelers in the Amazon between the 19th and 20th centuries. The travelers are Ermanno Stradelli, ethnologist who lived and worked in the Amazon between 1879 and 1926, Gregory Ronca, an Italian Navy official who traveled to the Antilles, the Guyanas, and the Amazon in 1904, climbing the Belem Amazon river to Manaus and Iquitos to assess the commercial interests of Italy and to find Italian communities in those cities.

In this study the journeys are investigated that words undertake from Italian to Brasilian Portuguese while travelling with the Italian immigrants to Brasil. Italian loan words show a different distribution with respect to loan words from other languages, like the indigenous ones, due to the differences in contact between the speakers of the respective languages. These differences reflect the journeys that the words have made with the immigrants.

This essay aims to analyze the trajectory of the artist Joaquín Torres- García (1874-1949), his narratives, memoirs and paintings made between the Old and New World. The narratives are focused from the books Historia de mi vida (1939) and La ciudad sin nombre (1941) and the works executed by him during the trip and upon arrival in Montevideo. The essay presents a reflection on the displacements, the artistic and personal experiences and intentions of his books.

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This paper presents a brief discussion followed by a transcription of a source kept at the General Archive of the Indies (Seville) about the expulsion of Portuguese from Buenos Aires in 1643. At the year of 1641, soon after the Portuguese Restoration, Lusitanian sailors fled to Rio de Janeiro raising the suspicious about the existence of betrayers residents in the River Plate against the Spanish monarchy.