Repositório RCAAP

This article intends to focus the main defense mechanisms found in obsessive neurosis, such as displacement, reaction formation, isolation and annulment. To develop this discussion, part of a reassessment of the pre-psychoanalytic work to Inhibitions, Symptoms and Anxiety published in 1926, focusing on this understanding the Freud’s idea of the symptom and the main defense mechanisms present in this neurosis. It concludes that for a better understanding of the etiology symptomatic neurosis, it is necessary to examine each mechanism in its particularity, since it expresses the uniqueness of each symptom in its essence. These defense mechanisms can be regarded as a mask to cover up the symptoms, but to conceal, reveal all repressed desires, denoting the unique history of each patient.

The main theme in this present work is the relation between law and writing. This way, we emphasize as basic texts La Maladie de la mort, by Duras and Television, by Lacan. So, we took the lacanian expression “from what stands of pure loss to what bets the worst from the father” as basis to make us think about the “dura lex” of dissolution also called “pure loss” or even “touch of real”. Duras writes about the absence, the tragic experience of the abandonment; the place of the erotic as a gap, intermission; the party of the tongue and the “game of the warming hand”, in other words, she writes about “happy babel”. This net built as a result of the confusions and the interlaces of languages was named by Barthes as the text of pleasure and the pleasure of text, that is to say, writing as pure fruition. This one was named by Brandão as mirror-narrative and it is here analyzed and understood as a metaphor of the reflex, reflux and cutting related to the symbolical, imaginary and to the concept of real. This way, the literary is seen as a territory of mirage and of the “secret language” of sex and castration as also the “invertion in lips and ears” or “lituraterra”, letter and trash. Earth. In this other version of what is in but is out; of what is out but is in; Lacan points out the knot in Duras’s writing as a beautiful wrapper, consisting its center on the danger provided by the stare and the anguish. So, our work is a reading on Duras interposed by Lacan’s reading about her as a technique in Abyme. The practice of letter in Duras is, according to Lacan, revealing of a writing of the unconscious while it exposes the convergence among the request of the letter, the desire and the anguish of the law of the “pure loss”. The “almar”.

Due to a decrease in the number of debates on anguish, this study aims to bring back to discussion anguish’s concept and phenomenon from a psychoanalytical point of view. It is divided into the following four sections: the philosophical background of the psychoanalytical concept of anguish; the development of freudian’s concept of anguish and the two theories of anguish ; what happened with the diagnosis of anguish neurosis in the in sucessives editions of Classification of mental and behavioural disorders clinical descriptions and diagnostic guidelines of International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems (CID - 10) and Diagnostic and Statistic Manual of Mental Disorders DSM); Lacan’s contribution and the anguish phenomenon.

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This article intends to hold a discussion on the mode of exploitation of human labor by capital as a source former of individual and, with it, social character. Based on Marxist economic and philosophical thought, which initiates the criticism of capitalist mode of production principally grounded in human affairs, will be shown a quick overview of the evolution of production models from the Industrial Revolution to the modern model of flexible accumulation, stressing in this analysis considerations about the relationship of humans with the work that permeates both the sociological and psychological analysis. Starting from the idea built by Marx about the centrality of labor to human , present in his theory of historical materialism, the author reports on his works the consequences of that the alienation of labor, at mode of their time, generate the formation of individual and on the perception of the world around them. Based on this idea, we intend to demonstrate in this article the continuing role of the alienation of labor to the constitution of the human being in the twentieth century, especially in regard to the considerations of the new values and behaviors adopted in modernity.

Objective: to know the socio-demographic and clinical profile of elderly patients with depressive disorders and the use of psychoactive drugs. Methods: it is a retrospective epidemiological study that analyzed 218 medical records of elderly patients in a Psychosocial Care Center in a period of 72 months. Results: it was observed that 67.9% of elderly men were predominantly those aged between 60 and 70 years. Alcohol was the most commonly used drug among men and tobacco among women, depression was the most frequent occurrence in both sexes. 53.7% were assisted at a health unit, and the predominant time of treatment was from 31 to 60 days (47.7%). The patients assisted by the family health teams were less frequent (10.5%). Conclusion: the cultural aspects of man’s role in society, easily accessible drugs (alcohol and tobacco) and the lack of information were the main factors related to depression and the use of drug by the elderly.

Objetivos: conhecer as práticas preventivas adotadas por homens adultos no cotidiano e identificar suas redes de apoio em saúde. Métodos: estudo descritivo de natureza qualitativa, realizado durante os meses de novembro e dezembro de 2012, em duas unidades emergenciais, junto a 32 homens com idade entre 20 e 59 anos. Dados coletados mediante entrevista semiestruturada e submetidos à análise de conteúdo, modalidade temática. Resultados: os homens destacaram diferentes práticas preventivas como: higienizar as mãos, alimentar-se adequadamente, realizar exames de rastreamento, evitar uso de substâncias psicoativas, utilizar equipamentos de proteção individual no trabalho e preservativos durante as relações sexuais. A maioria dos partícipes tinha família do tipo nuclear, sendo seus membros sua principal rede de apoio em relação ao processo saúde-doença. Conclusão: cabe aos integrantes da equipe de saúde tentar potencializar a adoção das práticas preventivas por homens adultos a partir das redes de apoio que eles considerem significativas.

Objectives: to know the preventive practices adopted by adult men in daily life and to identify health support networks. Methods: a descriptive qualitative study, made during the months of November and December 2012, at two emergency units, along with 32 men aged between 20 and 59 years. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and subjected to content analysis with thematic modality. Results: men highlighted different preventive practices such as sanitizing hands, eating properly, having screening tests, avoiding psychoactive substance abuse, using personal protective equipment at work and condoms during sex. Most of the participants had nuclear family and its members were their primary support network regarding the health-disease process. Conclusion: it is for health team members to try to leverage the adoption of preventive practices by adult men from the support networks they consider significant.

Objetivo: analisar fatores associados à notificação da sífilis congênita. Métodos: estudo transversal, documental, quantitativo, realizado através do Sistema Nacional de Agravos de Notificação. Compuseram o estudo 113 casos notificados. Utilizou-se formulário para coleta de dados e efetuaram-se os testes Qui-quadrado e Fisher. Resultados: mulheres realizaram pré-natal (80,2%), teste sorológico antes dos seis meses de gestação (46,7%) e após (53,3%). Houve associação para as variáveis raça (p=0,005) e realização do teste sorológico (p=0,044). Tratamento da gestante foi inadequado (64,5%) e o parceiro não foi tratado (85,7%). Conclusão: constatou-se que é crescente o número de casos, aumentando a possibilidade de crianças com sequelas graves. Por isso ainda é preciso melhorias na assistência pré-natal.

Objective: to analyze factors associated to the notification of congenital syphilis. Methods: a cross-sectional documentary, quantitative study, made through the National System of Notifiable Diseases. The study consisted of 113 notified cases. A data collection form was used and Chi-square and Fisher tests were made. Results: women had prenatal exams (80.2%), serologic testing before six months of pregnancy (46.7%) and after (53.3%). There was an association for the variables race (p = 0.005) and serological test (p = 0.044). The treatment of the pregnant woman was inadequate (64.5%) and the partner was not treated (85.7%). Conclusion: it was found that the number of cases is growing, increasing the possibility of children with severe sequelae. So improvements in prenatal care are still needed.

Objetivo: descrever a percepção de enfermeira docente sobre sua qualidade de vida. Métodos: estudo exploratório descritivo, com abordagem qualitativa, realizado em uma universidade pública, com 24 docentes de enfermagem, utilizando entrevista semiestruturada para obtenção dos dados. Falas gravadas, transcritas e analisadas pela técnica de Análise Categorial de Minayo, com as categorias: Definindo a qualidade de vida pela docente de enfermagem e averiguando a existência da qualidade de vida. Resultados: as percepções se relacionaram ao equilíbrio na vida, boas condições de vida e redução de estresse. Revelou-se existência da qualidade de vida pela maioria, e quem não possuía ou a detinha de forma parcial relacionaram problemas ao ambiente ou carga horária do trabalho. Qualidade de vida foi relacionado à sensação de bem-estar e satisfação com a vida. Conclusão: qualidade de vida dos docentes de enfermagem tanto no ambiente laboral como pessoal, decorrem de inúmeros fatores, envolvendo ambiente e relações interpessoais.

Objective: to describe the perception of female nursing professors about their quality of life. Methods: descriptive exploratory study with a qualitative approach, performed at a public university, with 24 nursing professors, using semistructured interviews to obtain the data. Speeches were recorded, transcribed and analyzed by Minayo’s categorical analysis, with the categories: defining quality of life by female nursing professors and checking the existence of quality of life. Results: perceptions were related to balance in life, good conditions of life and stress reduction. It proved the existence of quality of life for most of them, and for those who did not have it or had it partially one mentioned problems related to the environment or to the working hours. Quality of life was related to well-being and to a sense of life satisfaction. Conclusion: quality of life of female nursing professors both in the workplace and in their personal lives stem from several factors, involving environment and interpersonal relationships.

Objetivo: investigar a associação entre a fragilidade física e o escore cognitivo de idosos de uma Universidade Aberta à Terceira Idade da região sul do país, Brasil. Métodos: estudo descritivo e transversal, amostra por conveniência constituído por 100 idosos, coleta de março a junho de 2013. Utilizou-se para avaliação da cognição o Mini Exame do Estado Mental e para a fragilidade a Escala de Edmonton. Resultados: houve predomínio do gênero feminino (93%), com média de idade de 65,6 anos. Foram classificados como não frágeis 81% dos participantes, aparentemente vulneráveis a fragilidade 16% dos idosos e fragilidade leve 3%. Houve associação significativa entre o desempenho cognitivo e fragilidade (p<0,006). Conclusão: a investigação da associação entre fragilidade física e escore cognitivo em idosos subsidia a construção de planos de cuidados gerontológicos voltados a gestão da síndrome.

Objective: to investigate the association between physical frailty and cognitive scores in older adults at an Open University of the Third Age in Southern Brazil. Methods: descriptive cross-sectional study with convenience sample comprising 100 elderly, conducted from March to June 2013. For cognitive assessment, we applied the Mini Mental State Examination and the Edmonton Frail Scale. Results: there was a predominance of females (93%), with a mean age of 65.6 years. 81% of the participants were classified as non-frail, 16% as apparently vulnerable to frailty, and 3% as mild frailty. There was a significant association between cognitive performance and frailty (p<0.006). Conclusion: the research on the association between physical frailty and cognitive scores in older people promotes the construction of gerontological care plans aimed at managing this syndrome.

Objetivo: identificar as fontes de satisfação e insatisfação no trabalho dos profissionais de saúde que atuam na oncologia. Métodos: pesquisa qualitativa, realizada com 31 profissionais da equipe multidisciplinar de saúde que atuavam em uma Unidade de Internação Oncológica de um Hospital Público da Região Sul do Brasil, utilizando-se da entrevista semiestruturada, analisada conforme proposta de Bardin. Resultados: as principais fontes de satisfação profissional emergiram da relação entre paciente e profissional da saúde. As fontes de insatisfação estiveram vinculadas ao ambiente e as condições de trabalho. Conclusão: um olhar humanizado para os profissionais de saúde da oncologia, com modificações no cenário laboral mostra-se relevante no contexto investigado.

Objective: identify sources of satisfaction and dissatisfaction at work for health professionals who work with oncology. Methods: Qualitative research conducted with 31 professionals from a multidisciplinary health team who worked in an Oncology Inpatient Unit of a public hospital in the south of Brazil, using a semi-structured interview, analyzed according to Bardin’s proposal. Results: the main sources of job satisfaction emerged from the relationship between patients and health professionals. The dissatisfaction sources were connected to the working environment and conditions. Conclusion:. A humanized look to health professionals who work with oncology, with changes in their work environment seems to be relevant in the context investigated.

Objetivo: avaliar os efeitos do uso do álbum seriado como intervenção educativa na melhoria da autoeficácia materna na amamentação. Métodos: estudo quase experimental com 41 puérperas: Grupo Intervenção (n=20) e Grupo Controle (n=21) de uma maternidade pública. A intervenção consistiu na aplicação do álbum seriado “Eu posso amamentar o meu filho” no pós-parto imediato e contato telefônico após 15 dias. Para ambos os grupos, foi aplicada a Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale-Short Form no momento inicial e após 30 dias. Resultados: antes da intervenção, no grupo intervenção havia 75% com elevada autoeficácia e no grupo controle 71% das mães tinham alta autoeficácia. Constatou-se que, após intervenção educativa, todas as puérperas do grupo intervenção apresentaram autoeficácia elevada, enquanto que o percentual se manteve semelhante ao início no grupo controle (76%). Conclusão: o álbum seriado teve efeito positivo na elevação da autoeficácia das mães em amamentar.

Objective: evaluating the effects of using a flipchart as an educational intervention in improving maternal self-efficacy in breastfeeding. Methods: a quasi-experimental study with 41 postpartum women: Intervention Group (n = 20) and Control Group (n = 21) of a public hospital. The intervention consisted of implementing the flipchart “I can breastfeed my baby” in the immediate postpartum and were contacted by telephone after 15 days. For both groups, Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale- Short Form was applied at baseline and after 30 days. Results: before the intervention, the intervention group was 75% with high self-efficacy and 71% of the mothers in the control group of had high self-efficacy. It was found that after educational intervention, all the mothers in the intervention group showed high self-efficacy, while the percentage remained similar to before in the control group (76%). Conclusion: the flipchart had a positive effect on the elevation of self-efficacy in nursingmothers.

Objetivo: conhecer as experiências dos graduandos de enfermagem frente o cuidado à pessoa em processo de terminalidade. Métodos: estudo qualitativo com dados coletados por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, realizadas com dez estudantes de enfermagem. Resultados: da análise dos dados, emergiram duas categorias temáticas: Sentimentos expressos frente o primeiro contato com pacientes em processo de terminalidade e Cuidar do paciente em processo de terminalidade: dicotomia entre teoria e prática. Ao vivenciarem o cuidar à pessoa em processo de morrer, os estudantes demonstraram que o sentimento de impotência foi o mais marcante, dentre outros como tristeza, angústia e insegurança. Conclusão: as práticas de cuidados da equipe de enfermagem destoam das discussões acadêmicas, negando o discurso de que o enfermeiro deve se fazer presente junto ao paciente, independente da sua condição clínica.