Repositório RCAAP

Photobiomodulatory effects of low-intensity laser radiation (LILR) in cells cultured in standard, two-dimensional conditions are well established. Conversely, the characteristics of this effect in three-dimensional (3D) cultures, which are currently recommended due to the greater similarity with cellular behavior in vivo, have not yet been widely investigated. The objective of this work was to analyze the biomodulator effect of LILR, on the wavelength (λ) of 685 nm, on the constitution process and on the viability of cells cultured as multicellular spheroid (MSs). For this, agarose molds containing microwells were seeded (2x105 cell/ml) with osteogenic precursor cells (OPCs - MC3T3-E1) and kept under ideal culture conditions. The molds were irradiated for five consecutive days with doses of 0.5, 1.0 and 1.5 J/cm², the first irradiation being performed immediately after sowing. The process of constitution of MSs was analyzed and the cultures were submitted to the cell viability test. The results demonstrated that the LILR at λ 685 nm exerted a dose-dependent biomodulatory effect on cell metabolism and on the process of constituting the MSs of OPCs. These results demonstrate the potential of photobiomodulation to contribute to the process of constituting MSs, which can be explored in the strategies of multicellular spheroids therapy used in regenerative medicine and bioprinting.

This paper presents a diagnosis of the factoring sector to encourage market in southern Santa Catarina state, emphasizing the importance of credit in business environment. Considering that companies need to constantly seek credit for investments and meet its obligations, factoring companies emerged in Brazil in 1982 with the objective of providing credit support, marketing and advisory services to small and medium- sized companies. The aim of this study is to highlight the evolution, the performance segments and the prospects of the mercantile promotion companies of the south of Santa Catarina state. To diagnose the sector in the region, 40 questionnaires were applied to promote commercial enterprises in the region and 18 responses were obtained. The companies began to promote commercial activity in the region in 1989 and have presented a quantitative growth. Today Amrec factoring's customers are micro enterprises, small and medium business companies, and the industrial sector is the one which most uses its factoring services. Most companies settled in the region were formed by entrepreneurs who had previously worked in the financial market, and the average age of these firms is 6.81 years. Among the principal factors behind the sector's growth in the region of Amrec, stands out the facility that businesses found in factoring for the granting of credit, increasing credit demand and popularity, where the activity of promoting market had its recognition by society.

This paper discusses the Brazilian agrarian reform as a tool for regional development. It discusses the current rural settlement policy and its importance in the interaction processes with local dynamics and regional development, investigating the changes that these projects may cause in the municipalities where they are developed.The central point of discussion of this work is Polanyi's arguments about the factors of production, land, labor and capital, and Amartya Sen's arguments on freedom as a development factor. The discussion calls for land reform as a way to provide opportunities and a condition of agents to its beneficiaries. Even recognizing the limits faced by this policy, the issue highlighted here refers to the need for land reform not to be limited to the granting of assets to its beneficiaries, but may actually increase their freedoms. We argue that access to land, to means of production, ensures the employee control over his workforce, putting him in a situation of protagonist that can contribute to development, since the economic function is just one among many vital functions in earth. Thus, access to land, the debate about land reform should not be seen simply as an economic instrument, but as a condition of life and social reproduction, the element relating to the organization of social, economic and political relationships.

COVID-19 is an infectious disease that has spread rapidly around the world, characterizing a pandemic. Its etiologic agent is SARS-CoV-2, which promotes respiratory infections, mainly with symptoms equivalent to the common cold, but also complications, especially in patients with comorbidities. So far, there are no reports of medication, available to the population, capable of controlling the proliferation of the virus. In this context, an alternative that emerges and is also being discussed is the use of convalescent plasma (CP). Therefore, this study aimed to present a possible therapeutic resource for the care of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 using CP, based on evidences from the literature. To achieve this goal, databases, such as Google Scholar, Scielo, Science Direct and PubMed, were used to search for evidences. Among the keywords used can be mentioned: “Coronavirus”, “COVID-19”, “SARS-CoV-2”, “convalescent plasma” isolated or in combination. The CP consists of plasma from patients who have already had the disease and recovered, serving as a source of specific antibodies of human origin, since there was the development of humoral immunization against the infectious agent. Therefore, in this case, the intention is to perform a CP transfusion for patients who are sick, neutralizing the pathogen and eventually leading to its eradication of blood circulation, since the antibody circulates in the blood, reaches tissues and protects against infections. There are not many studies available in the literature on the topic yet, but they already show promising results, including those associated with previous evidence of other viral infections such as Ebola, H5N1, H1N1 and measles. It is concluded that convalescent plasma may be a potential therapy for patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 with the highest risk involved. Serious adverse reactions associated with the use of CP have not been described, but an improvement in the condition compared to no treatment.

In this essay I present a set of suggestions and procedures to be considered in the preparation of a class by candidates during a didactic test to a University teacher position in public contests. These points, if considered when preparing the lecture, can substantially improve their performance in a public contest. The set of points presented and analyzed, if carefully considered, can significantly increase the chance of a consistent class for its content, can promote an interesting way of approaching, be attractive in its aesthetic, gaining in clarity, understanding and quality of information transmission, potentially leading the candidate University teacher to be better evaluated in its class.

Methodological Research. The event, sponsored by the Master's Program in Regional Development and Environment - Uniara in partnership with the National Institute of Colonization and Agrarian Reform - INCRA, was aimed at researchers, graduate students and graduate students, government officials, civil society and the private sector. The objective of the forum was to promote discussions about problems related to the challenges of multi and interdisciplinary research, disseminate research and experiences in the area for the scientific community and society, and articulate professionals and institutions for future partnerships. With a total of 160 participants and 37 papers presented, the event had the participation of different public and private institutions, including: State University IV Forum of Regional Development and Environment: theoretical and methodological aspects of research presentation Paulista - UNESP (Araraquara , Rio Claro and Jaboticabal); Support Service for Micro and Small Companies - Sebrae-SP; School of São Carlos, University of São Paulo - EESC-USP (São Carlos); Federal University of São Carlos - UFSCar (San Carlos); University of São Paulo - USP (São Paulo); Integrated College Logatti (Araraquara-SP); University of Campinas - Unicamp (Campinas-SP); Municipal Environment (Araraquara-SP); Brazilian Agricultural Research Corporation - Embrapa (CampinasSP); Department Autonomous Water and Sewage - Daae-Araraquara / SP; Foundation Institute of São Paulo State Land - Itesp. It should be noted that this was the third edition of the forum, which has maintained its annual basis. The classified summaries are published below.

O s estudos apresentados nesta Edição Suplementar- Enfermagem da Revista Brasileira Multidisciplinar ReBRAm deve-se a comemoração dos vinte anos da criação do curso de Enfermagem da Universidade de Araraquara (UNIARA) e ao bicentenário da Florence Nightingale e Ano Internacional dos Profissionais de Enfermagem e Obstetrícia declarado pela Organização Mundial de Saúde...

This research was developed in the city of New Friburgo, more precisely in the seventh section – Lumiar – Rio Bonito. The inexistence in the region of educational actions aimed at understanding, reflecting and offering information to the population on the main environmental subjects has leaded to an environmental diagnosis, to identify the local community problems and, later, to develop educational environmental activities at municipal school Nossa Senhora de Nazareth. To attain this aim, the selected educational strategy was story telling. The research instrument was a questionnaire addressed to the families and to the teachers. Based on the principal detected problems, the ones related to environmental issues were selected, such as: river pollution; the release of solid residues in not appropriate places and the armed hunting. Those subjects were discussed with the local school students through story telling. Other playful educational activities were also developed. Finally, it could be observed that, not only the stories, but also the complementary activities, have helped the students in the environmental education work, considering that besides showing interest in the subject, they participated intensely, reflected, changed and built knowledge.

Piumhi river was a tributary of Grande river until the late 50s. The Furnas reservoir construction has reversed Piumhi river to São Francisco river through a canal and a dam in Capitólio city (MG). The aim of this study was to record the perception that local people had on the river Piumhi transposition by means of newspapers, books, documents and interviews using the life history technique. Different perceptions were evident in the interviews, depending on the geographic region where the subjects lived. In Capitólio, besides the dike, the most striking fact was the flooding of the Furnas reservoir, affecting the rural area. Between Capitólio and the beginning of rural Piumhi, where the transposition channels are, the most striking fact was the change of the riverbed and the floodplain. Near the town of Piumhi, where there was a marsh that reached to the urban zone, the drainage of the flooded area transformed into arable land caused land conflicts. The record of the population's perception demonstrates social conflicts, economic and environmental impacts generated by the change in the landscape, recording how people felt and dealt with the facts in their lives.

The aims of this paper are to review the literature on sucrose, commonly known as table sugar; to report as it appeared in Brazil and in the world; to discuss the differences between crystal and refined sucrose; to show the harmful effects of overconsumption; and to list their main sweeteners. Sucrose appeared over 7000 years ago and since then it has actively participated in the creation of new forms of food consumption, in the development of societies and in the social and political relations. Carbohydrates are the main source of energy for the body and considering that they are present in different foods, their consumption in excess can cause diseases such as obesity and diabetes. The amount of processed products with sucrose in its composition is uncountable and overconsumption has caused concern in the medical field. The manufacture of sugar is a process that involves a series of operations to obtain the final product. There are several kinds of sucrose that are available according to its use (domestic and industrial). The sweeteners can be used to sweeten, and may replace sucrose. Some of these compounds are known as intense sweeteners, being used in very small quantities, are indicated to people who have a disorder in the metabolism of sugars (diabetics) or consumers who are in search of products of low calorific value.

Oil and its derivatives are the principal means of energy generation for vehicles that transport raw materials and goods produced in developed and developing regions accentuating the risk of accidents by spills in stockpiling, transport, use or discarding. The contamination by total hydrocarbons suggests the elevated propension to mutations and to the formation of carcinogenic tumors, as a consequence of the exposure to human contamination by these products. This work had as aims: a) To investigate, in a laboratorial scale, the degrading capacity of autochthonous microbiota in the presence of differing concentrations of hydrocarbons (0%, 2,5%, 5% e 7,5%); b) To isolate fungi tolerant to the contaminant; c) To quantify and analyze the biodegradation capacity of soil through the microbial biomass and metabolic quotient; and d) To set, in laboratory, ideal conditions of biodegradation of the xenobiotic compound. Some parameters of microbial activity have been evaluated, such as: biological (Carbon of microbial biomass, CO2 , qCO2 emission, and fungi growth), chemical (pH, electrical conductivity –EC –, analysis of fertility and total hydrocarbons) and physical (physical composition of the soil) for analysis and comparisons. The obtained results suggest that the adding of 5% of waste oil in the ground provided ideal condition for the biodegradation of he   contaminant in the environment. From the evaluated parameters, the emission of CO2 and microbial C were considered more indicative of changes in soil microbial activity subject to the addition of hydrocarbons, confirming the possibility of microremediation use.

Soils from the National Forest of Tapajos are nutrient-poor, acidic, podzolic clay types, with high aluminum content. The Dry Forest Project was developed to assess the impact of drought on a tropical forest. This project includes plots of Primary Forest (FP, control) and Dry Forest (FS, with exclusion of rain). This study assessed the effect of dryness on the microbial populations of soils collected in these plots. Twelve soil samples were analyzed for counts of total bacteria, fungi, and cellulolytic, proteolytic and phosphate solubilizer populations. A decrease of microbial counts was detected at the dry forest plot in comparison with the control, being more significant (two orders of magnitude) for cellulolytic populations. The majority of 286 isolated cultures were Gram-positive bacilli (47% for FP and 62% for FS) and the prevalent genera were Bacillus, Corynebacterium, Listeria and Micrococcuss. Box-PCR profiles of the bacteria from both plots showed high genetic diversity. The exclusion BATISTA, Selma Baia Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde (CCBS) Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso. Av. Fernando Correia da Costa. Bairro Boa Esperança, Cuiabá-MT. CEP 78060-900. Brasil. Tel. (65) 63615-8970. E-mail: selbbat@yahoo.com.br HARGREAVES, Paulo Iiboshi; MENDONÇA-HAGLER, Leda Cristina Instituto de Microbiologia Prof. Paulo de Góes (IMPPG) UFRJ; Laboratório de Ecologia Microbiana e Taxonomia; Centro de Ciências da Saúde (CCS), Bloco I, sala 44, Ilha do Fundão-RJ. CEP 21941-590. Brasil. Tel. (21) 2562-6739. SOUSA, Oscarina Viana de Instituto de Ciências do Mar – LABOMAR UFC; Av. da Abolição, 3207 – Meireles – Fortaleza-CE. CEP 60165-081. Tel. (85) 3366-7000 of rain can produce a negative effect on the microbial populations of tropical forest soil. The diversity, at the genus level, does not appear to be affected by drought, and the high diversity found for bacteria at the species/ subspecies level at both sites suggested a resilience of the soil microbiota to this environmental stress.

Mathematical models used to simulate the quality and the process of self-purification of water bodies are important tools to aid the management of water resources. The main objective of this paper was to apply a mathematical model (QUAL-UFMG) to evaluate the water quality of the stream “ribeirão do Ouro", Araraquara (SP). Based on the profiles of dissolved oxygen (DO) and of the biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5,20) obtained along the longitudinal section of the river, it was possible to determine the areas of self-purification and to verify compliance with the standards of water quality established by Resolution CONAMA 357/2005. The model and the obtained results will be able to support managers and researchers in the prevention, control and studies related to pollution of this water body.

focusing special educational needs. The qualitative methodology of case study was used in the three moments of the research. In the first two moments the instrument used for data collecting was a text and, in the third moment, a semi-structured questionnaire. The first two moments took place at the beginning and at the end of 2008 and the third moment took place 6 month later. The results showed the professional and pedagogical maturing of the interviewed participants, mainly in the deconstruction of myths, fears and opinions based on the common sense related to special education and school inclusion, at the same time as new construction and knowledge about these themes were organized in their representations. The quantitative indicators have demonstrated a considerable sedimentation of the ideas and fundamental concepts in special education and inclusion, as well as of the practice of school inclusion, a necessary condition for the realization in school of a true education in diversity, with quality and professionalism of one of its main actors of change: the teacher.

 A I Mostra Regional da Atenção Primária à Saúde do Departamento Regional de Saúde - DRS III e III Mostra da Atenção Primária à Saúde de Araraquara aconteceu no dia 06/11/2019 das 8h às 17h no Centro Internacional de Convenção Dr. Nelson Barbieri, em Araraquara/SP.  Esta Mostra foi organizada pelo Grupo de Trabalho de Humanização da SMS de Araraquara em parceria com o Centro de Desenvolvimento e Qualificação para o SUS do DRS III. Realizamos uma Mostra com apresentações culturais, apresentação de talentos de trabalhadores, de artesanatos e apresentação de setenta e quatro (74) trabalhos produzidos no cotidiano do cuidado na Atenção Primária à Saúde (APS). Estiveram presentes quinhentas e sessenta e quatro (564) pessoas, entre trabalhadores, gestores, estudantes, conselheiros de saúde e usuários dos serviços de saúde de Araraquara e região.  Nossos objetivos foram promover encontros, trocas de experiências entre os municípios, aprender novos arranjos de trabalho em saúde pública, mas sobretudo, numa atitude política, afirmar o SUS que dá certo!  Esta Mostra possibilitou uma valorização do trabalhador e do trabalho que é desenvolvido rotineiramente no SUS, dando visibilidade às experiências inovadoras, salientando o papel protagonista de cada ator do SUS na construção do cuidado.  Dentre todos os trabalhos apresentados e avaliados pela Comissão Científica da Mostra, dez receberam destaque e foram certificados com Menção Honrosa. Alguns deles serão apresentados nas próximas páginas e apresentam arranjos desenvolvidos para o cuidado no Sistema Único de Saúde.  Os trabalhos apresentados poderão servir aos leitores como exemplaridade de como acontece a produção do SUS e a produção do conhecimento no campo da saúde coletiva. Feurwerker (2016) nos põe a pensar que todo ato que adotamos, seja na atenção, na gestão ou no cuidado, é um ato político que ajuda na construção ou na desconstrução do SUS enquanto uma obra em aberto. Esta obra pode, e deve, ser transformada por nós a todo momento. Esta ainda nos provoca a pensar que o que deve determinar a produção no SUS é mais a micropolítica que se dá nos encontros entre os atores do SUS na produção do cuidado, a qual nos tem escapado de modo geral.  Lima e Merhy (2016) nos trazem a ideia de que a ciência moderna produz uma radical separação entre as práticas sociais e o conjunto de saberes. A ideia é a construção do conhecimento nas Ciências Humanas e Sociais em Saúde produzindo pesquisas que tomam sujeitos e modos de vida como espaço de análise e interlocução, entrecortados pelo trabalho e o cuidado em saúde como um ato vivo, inscritos num processo histórico e social. Sendo assim, apostam na idéia de que a investigação no campo da saúde coletiva deve adotar o encontro como método. E que, é na repetição que se produzem diferenças. Esse jeito de fazer ciência e produzir conhecimento é um jeito mais intuitivo, das minorias, com um grande potencial produtivo. A produção de conhecimento se dá em ato, no encontro e na relação com os outros e seus modos de vida.  Lima e Merhy (2016), parafraseando Gilles Deleuze e Jacques Derrida, referem que a repetição despotencializa vidas e a produção de conhecimentos, mas é possível fazer emergir a diferença na repetição. Aí está a prova! Boa leitura.

Founded in 1921, the company currently known as Lupo S/A is one of the most ancient textile and clothing industries in Brazil. In this article we aim to describe the general lines of the trajectory of this family company, currently producing socks, nightwear and sports articles. The focus of this paper is on the analysis of some strategies used by the company along its formation and development process, and, particularly, the way these strategies made possible the productive restructuring associated to the overcoming of the strong crisis which began in the end of the 80's and early 90's, contributing to its recent consolidation in the clothing industry. The leading hypothesis of the study is that pioneering connected to a strong organizational culture that has been formed and constructed since its foundation and that was reestablished in a more recent management were the factors which were responsible for the advances able to generate an innovation environment in products as well as in processes and management. The theoretical reflection selected to subsidize the cognitive construction of the study of the company is based on the historical approach of the development of the textile industry in Brazil and in studies about the importance of the action of the entrepreneur, in the role of the organizational culture and LORENZO, H.C. & CAÍRES, A.C.R. of innovation to choose strategies in companies. The research involved the analysis of documents and data of the company, as well as interviews with directors and employees. The results show a traditional company model, but also show the presence of a very advanced entrepreneurial dynamic. Modern world – known as a fordist industrial model – could already be noticed in the company when this production pattern was not clearly defined yet in the Brazilian industry. Nowadays, the company faces the challenge of globalization and the open competition in the international market which brings the rivalry of the greatest and best globalized companies.

This work addresses the evolution of Planning, Programming and Control of Production (PPCP) as essential activities of the company towards the insertion of environmental education. The approach is based on an exploratory research and a critical bibliographic revision. Two main objectives were established: i) a new way of production organization, by considering cleaner production from company utilities to production capacity, technology and outsourcing and ii) infrastructure changes related to market attendance and environmental education dissemination. Needs that arise can be grouped as follows: utilities adequacy, cleaner technologies and ecochains implementation; instruction and dissemination of environmental education; and necessity of the adoption of new paradigms.

This article discusses how the notion of sustainable development in today's globalized world is being appropriated, legitimized and exploited, as well as the criticism that this construct is suffering. We have used categories of analysis which were constructed from critical theoretical references. The work hypothesis shows that sustainable development does not focus on the main elements of environmental degradation and that the options of the peripheral countries are not reversing the picture of nature destruction. To address this issue a review of published scientific literature on the environmental issue in general and sustainability in particular has been done. The conclusion points to the clue that real sustainable actions depend critically on the level and quality of public consciousness, on their perception of reality and experienced problems, and on their organizational skills to promote changes in this direction.

This work aimed to evaluate the approach of environmental themes by teachers of Elementary School I, with training in Pedagogy, from the municipal network of the city of Maringá-PR. As a source of data collection, semi-structured questionnaires were developed and applied, with open and closed questions, to 30 teachers. The data were organized into categories seeking to establish similarities and differences, which could establish a profile of the schools studied and which indicated the approach to environmental issues in the schools under study. The Municipal Secretary of Education of Maringá, as the official teaching body, seeks to favor the performance of the teacher in the face of discussions on environmental issues. The surveyed schools present similar environmental themes and pedagogical practices, regardless of their location, population served and initial training of their teachers. We found in our analysis that these subjects are not efficiently addressed in class and are usually presented on punctual dates. Teachers find it difficult to discuss environmental issues in an interdisciplinary way because they are not adequately prepared for the application of these contents. In an attempt to justify their unpreparedness, they point out difficulties in relation to the student, the school infrastructure and school plans, and at the same time present many ambiguities regarding these themes. Interdisciplinarity is not contemplated and the topics discussed in schools are usually addressed by science teachers.

Love experiences have changed along time and have set new meanings, especially for young people. Thus, this qualitative research aimed at understanding the meanings of love relationships, hooking up and dating in the vision of ten adolescents between 17 and 23 years old using a questionnaire. The results revealed that the hooking up is permeated by kisses, fondling and even by sexual intercourse in a short period of time and often through the intermediary of a friend at the time of the conquest. The commitment of dating, on the other hand, is established when love is present in the relationship. Therefore, adolescents revealed that opt for dating, which can begin in the hooking up. However, in the opinion of the participants, the young people's preference nowadays is the hooking up.