Repositório RCAAP

Whereas the process of teaching and learning of autistic student and its relation to the development of this individual, the main objective of this dissertation was examine the psychoeducational aspects related to the care of the educational school autistic student and the relationship of these issues with the promote the overall development of this person, from a perspective Bioecological Human Development. The theoretical foundations developed during this study involved a literature review about the state of the art of infantile autism; the aspects of the Education Student's Autistic, and the Theory of Bioecological Human Development, emphasizing the main and most significant immediate school environment related to opportunities for development of student, the microenvironment of the classroom, together with its three primary elements: activity, interaction and role. In this work, reflective interviews were conducted with the participating teachers and, later, transcribed and analyzed through Grounded Theory; beyond observations made in the environment of the classroom. This study found that, despite the difficulties faced by educators passed in the process of autistic student's school attendance, important changes in the interaction, participation and performance of students in the activities proposed within the classroom. However, for the process of autistic student's school attendance occurs with quality, it´s necessary the recognition of schools and educators the possibilities of development and learning of this student. Thus, it is essential to rethink the ways are proposed educational activities; how interactions are established teacher/student and student/student; well as reflect on the importance of the role of the teacher in front of the autistic child have on their chances of success. Accordingly, we must break the stigmata and overcome the prejudices historically constructed, that reinforce the psychosocial condition segregated and excluding the deviant individual.

This study aimed to analyze the speeches of mental health professionals and users on artistic doing" , considering the current reality of the work in Therapeutic Workshops in Centers of Psychosocial Attention in Mental Health Services in the State of Minas Gerais, strategies which originated from the Psychiatric Reform in Brazil. To do so, the concept of repetition according Freud, Lacan, Kierkegaard and Deleuze, emphasizing two different levels, space and time, as repetition marks difference and time. In this study, it was sought to: analyze the phenomenon described in psychoanalysis by repetition automatism starting from the speech of the actors involved in the workshops; investigate the professionals understanding of the role of art in therapy of psychotic patients; produce an articulation between the clinic of the subject that come from the psychoanalytical practice and the psychosocial clinic, and the possible reflexes of that production of subjectivity in the creation of social relationships. The psychoanalytical method was used to perform interviews and analyze findings. Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with 11 professionals and 19 users in four cities of the State, averaging 40 minutes each. In the analysis of the interviews, the analyzers who repeated more stood out as to articulate them with the phenomenon of the repetition and with the syntheses of the time extolled by Deleuze. In conclusion, therapeutic workshops, in their repetitive dimension, contributes to the rescuing of place of the subject in which he/she, user or professional, can become a artist constructer of his/her own life, because repetition brings the dimension of difference, of creation, of the possibility of new and of transgression. Therapeutic workshops, that develop the artistic activity in the perspective of creation, of new, of becoming, through the production of events, experiences, actions and objects, make it possible for man to reinvent the world in which he lives. Therefore, turning the workshop into a place of potency allows the protagonists of that scene to become inventive and creative. It is fundamental that the workshop coordinator is aware of his/her role and the level of necessary implication to interrogate the subject and to involve him/her in his/her condition of being responsible for his/her actions and to build new social relationships. Thus, it is necessary for the professional to bet on the mentally health impaired as a subject who has not had recognition for years. When being recognized, he/she can integrate the net of the culture and search for vitality to continue his/her life always marked by a fine limit.

By concerns about the mechanisms of how technology is embedded in the human context, try to find a place to think about the contemporary, or from and about the relationships with the world. Here, these mechanisms are exemplified by the Internet, specifically its use by adolescents. We invite the reader to think about a current society, in which relations between beings organize themselves into a perspective of functionality. In other words, the concept of otherness in existing interpersonal relationships, that the twentieth century called solidarity, wins the narcissism and spectacular grounds for the inter-relationships, and these appear to be part of contemporary subjectivity. During the walk about adolescence and the machine built on interpersonal relationships, some themes and theoretical foundations were designed. Thus, the incorporation of technology by human beings in his own body recognizes these changes. The emphasis is more present in media and cultural capitalism, as being as points of anchorage in the process of constructing a man increasingly technological. What was interested in working with the logic of mechanisms formatting of subjectivity. The conduct of these issues, we identify and analyze the place occupied by adolescents in the contemporary view of technology. Thus, we addressed issues relating to relationships in the contemporary and the direct gaze on the adolescent and their inter-relationships today. Accordingly, as an elected orkut research, so the look of your creation to editing a user profile. Thus, we expect our teenagers know how are positioned in front of contemporary relationships and to understand whether there are aspects of resistance and incorporation of the existing system. The search moved from contact with the virtual (Orkut) and staff (interviews), and will come in a contemporary, listening through Orkut and personal meetings, where we arrived at our three teenagers. From the theory of fields, we establish a dialogue with some authors of the Social Sciences and Philosophy, to study the lifestyle of adolescents and their interrelationships within the context of impasses resulting from predominant form of relationship in the contemporary that exalts a body assembled by the technology and restructured. Thus, we have a machine technology that is about to be built entirely by the human body to control, from then, relate to the Human Being.

The concern with the effects of the new organization has presented as a consequence greater emphasis to the study of variables related to man as a worker and the organization itself to the impact that may arise among employees and organizational outcomes. Harassment at work is emerging as an important theme in this context and as a new construct, justified the need for further studies, to define the phenomenon within organizational, and enrich your understanding with other constructs of the area. The exploration of moral harassment by the frequency of occurrence perceived of hostile acts and the emotional impact felt by victims of harassment is a new subject and is part of the proposed research. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of types of power bases (expertise, coercion, reward and legitimate) in the moral harassment (perceived and felt) at work, and in the workers professional self-concept (factors: achievement, confidence, competence and health) and in the job satisfaction (factors: the organizational support, the usefulness of social organization and work with the affective relationship at work, with professional recognition). This is a field study and ex-post facto, crosssectional, exploratory and correlational study. The variables were assessed by valid and reliable scales, all self-administered. The study included 191 volunteers, mean age 28 years (SD = 8), and 64.6% female, from different organizations. Data analysis was done by descriptive statistics and regression analysis, having been used the statistical package SPSS. Education level ranged from primary school through graduate track, which 74.6% of participants had high school and worked in mostly administrative duties (29.5%) and attendance/reception (13.1%), with 91% employees of private organizations. The results showed that power bases did not predict the perception nor the emotional impact of moral harassment, and these, in turn, even mediate the relationship between power bases and professional self-concept and job satisfaction. Test redesigned model that brought power bases and moral harassment as antecedents of self-concept and job satisfaction was conducted by means of multiple linear regressions standard. The results showed that power base of expertise explained a small proportion of the variance of professional self-concept of competence. But the main predictor of professional self-concept and satisfaction with social utility of the organization and the work was the perception of harassment training at work. It can be concluded that perceived harassment at work seems to generate among the workers more negative effect than feeling humiliated by hostile acts or by perception of use by the supervisor power bases identified in the literature as impacting consequent negative variables investigated in this study.

Studies which come up to investigating the occupational stress generated by the relationship between the individual and the labor environment, where this stress is considered expensive to the worker s resources and a risk to his or her well-being, have been more and more often by the potential negative consequences to the worker, to the organization and even to the public health system. With the objective of contributing to the knowledge about occupational stress of nursery professionals, the current study aimed at identifying prediction relations between the perceptions which nursery professionals own about conflicts that happen in their groups of work and about the power used by doctors with whom they work, about their occupational stress. Furthermore, it was tried to deepen, through interviews, feelings about the job and the relationships with supervisor doctors and with workmates. The data was collected through valid and self- applicable scales. The ones who took part of the first phase were 124 voluntary nursery assistants and technicians, formally hired workers of a public university hospital, 77,4% were women and 22,6% were men, 57% had finished high-school. Considering all the participants, 58% presented with low levels of stress, whereas 14% noticed themselves as very or too stressed. The ones who took part of the second phase were four participants chosen at random among the ones who answered the first phase. The results of the first phase showed that the participants realized the existence of medium level of conflict inside the work teams. The legitimate power was base of power noticed to be the most used by doctors. The results of regression analysis showed that task conflict and coercion power were direct predictors of stress whereas age turned out to be the inverse predictor. The interviews were analyzed through the content analysis technique. Results indicated that the participants feel good in their jobs, like to work and don t feel stressed out. They consider as stress sources the overwork generated by their workmates lateness and lack of professionalism. The results corroborate other studies and the discussion compares these results with other studies. Appreciation to this study and future studies are suggested.

The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between negative emotive state, a personality trace called neuroticism and intention to be engaged in risk behaviors in a sample from patients in psychiatric and/or psychological treatment in a Mental Health Public Service in Uberlândia-MG. Twenty people participated to the search and they showed several risk behaviors: suicide attempts, alcohol and drugs abuse, aggressively and so one. Participants showed the following personality diagnostics: personality disorders , humor disorders, alcohol and drugs dependence, obsessive compulsive disorders and anxiety problems. The participants answered three instruments: two scales (Neuroticism/Emotional Adjustment Factorial Scale and Risk Behavior Scale) as well descriptive reports on risk behavior (scripts). The instruments set was applied in the Basic Health Unit, after voluntary accepting and signing the Term of Free and Informed Consent. After the data collection, descriptive and correlation analysis were performed. Results showed that most participants presented neuroticism level over the pattern, specifically in vulnerability, anxiety and depression dimensions . Women showed depression scores a little higher than men (M=34,19). Among the types of risk behavior (health, social, legal/ethic and financial ones), the intention to be engaged in social risk behaviors was the most frequent among the participants. Social, health and legal/ethic risk behaviors showed positive significant relation to psychosocial maladjustment and anxiety dimensions. Health risk behavior showed negative relation to vulnerability and depression dimensions. Social risk behavior related negatively to vulnerability and age dimensions. Angry was the only emotion that was positively and significantly related to intentions to show social and health/physical integrity risk behaviors. This study allowed to verify in preliminary how neuroticism, as one of the dimensions of human personality, is related to risk behaviors and to emotions of psychiatric and psychological treatment. These results are important to prevention and intervention programs, which must consider risk multidimensional nature and peculiarities that neuroticism imposes the risk behavior intention .

Some studies suggest the existence of distinct stages and processes in information selection pertaining visual scenes. This study investigated the patterns of visual selection information through three tasks performed by three age groups: 10 children from 9 to 13 years (mean age = 11. 1, SD = 1. 37,), 10 adults from 21 to 29 years (mean = 23. 6, SD = 2. 46, average) and 10 elders from 62 to 78 years (mean = 66.1, SD = 5.15), performed a simple discrimination task (go / no - go), a task of perceptual load (Lavie, 1995) and a task of attentional focussing (Facoetti & Molteni, 2000). The results of the first experiment suggest that the reaction time to discriminate a target letter is significantly lower in the group composed of young adults when compared to groups composed of children and elders. The second experiment suggests a decrease in efficiency in the process of information selection under conditions of low perceptual load in the elderly population and a decrease in the efficiency of selection under conditions of high and low perceptual load in the population composed of children. These results suggest the existence of specific patterns in the selection of visual information in terms of age and perceptual load processed by the visual system. Finally, the third experiment shows that participants were faster in the discrimination of the target letter presented within an area enclosed by a small cue compared then when a large cue was presented. The effect of compatibility between target letter and flanking letters was also influenced according to the visual cue (inside or outside the area). This experiment also showed specific features of processing according to age group. Together these results indicate possible changes in cognitive processes during the stages of human development

The aim ob this study was to analyze the relationship between cognitive abilities level (verbal and non verbal intelligence) risk perception and intention to show risk behavior in a teenagers group in social vulnerability situation. The main hypothesis was that cognitive abilities high levels would shoe greater risk perception and would be less engaged in risk behavior. Forty-eight teenagers of a social group named Young Agent were studied in a city in Triângulo Mineiro, a region of Minas Gerais State, Brazil. They were 15-17 years old teenagers whose families experience social risk situation according to Brazilian Social Assistance Unified System (SAUS). The subjects answered three instruments: a risk perception and intention to show risk behavior scale and two cognitive ability tests Reasoning Test Battery (BPR-5) and Raven s progressive matrix test. These instruments were applied in a Social Assistance Reference Center after voluntary accepting and parents permission. Data had descriptive and correlative analysis. The results showed that, in a general way, the sample showed average performance in a range in cognitive tests. Men showed significant better performance in mechanic reasoning than women. Concerning to risk perception types there was only a moderate positive relation between ethic and legal risk perception and health one. Verbal reasoning related to ethic and health risk perception. Among less-schooling participants higher was ethic and legal risk perception higher were also health and social risk perception.. Mechanic reasoning was related to intention to show ethic and legal as well to finance risk behavior. There was no significant sexual difference when analyzing risk perception and risk behavior. This search allowed to verify some relation between risk perception and intelligence as well it presented relation between the types of intention to engage to risk behavior and intelligence. These data somehow confirm our initial hypothesis that there is a relationship between intelligence and risk perception. It was possible to see that higher intellectual abilities help to perceive these kind of risk, but it does not grantee avoiding behavior which could generate consequent sanctions and punishments. Studies like this have social and theoretical relevance to preventive social programs directed to teenagers in risk.

This work has the objective to study the differences in the psychoanalytic clinic from the clinic of patients who present body aches. This investigation came up because of the questionings in the analysis of patients diagnosed with Fibromyalgia according to the organicphysiologic point of view. This disease makes us think on strangeness without representation or on a body without words. The former gives the dimension of the body which the knowledge comes only from the horrible pain e sadness. Subjects that roam around based on the pain go from clinic to clinic, from professional to professional, from medication to medication; in one attempt to wear out all the possible ways of getting back something they have lost. A body in evidence that clearly shows a person in search of senses. A pain that does not find a verbal expression or a way to name it. It is also taken under consideration the impasses of different authors like Freud, Melanie Klein, Lacan and Fabio Herrmann, among others. Specific forms of body apprehension were considered. The base method of the research was the psychoanalytic and the theoric reference was the Campos Theory. This one considers that the world takes part in every individual thought and determines what the subject is made of. A psyche that is not our own, but that is created in the real world and historically develops its characteristics, being incrusted in the person on the right time and culture. The question of this work refers to the articulation of the shortness between the subject and the world and how the clinic and which clinic can solve this problem or this demand. Would the regular clinic be in crisis because of the manifesto without reason of a ripped body? Would it be possible to have a clinic that takes under consideration this narrowness, in other words, that could see the world through the eyes of a body in pain or in madness? The clinic that answers all these questions was named real clinic. The world becomes present in the body and locks it. The human fragility is announced or reported, exposed in the ache body. The world or the world thought gets through the body and this one reflects itself in a convex way shows it up as it was a disguise.

The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between coping strategies, overdeveloped and underdeveloped compensatory behavior strategies and personality cognitive profiles. The sample had 120 university students from Catholic Faculty and from Federal University of Uberlândia, both sexes, random age and marital status. Two instruments were used: Beck s Personal Beliefs Questionnaire (PBQ-ST) In its reduced form and scripts (reports on coping strategies which describe personality cognitive profiles activating situations). Answers to scripts evaluated coping forms focused on problem solving, on emotional regulation, on social interaction, on personality disorder overdeveloped and underdeveloped compensatory behavior strategies. A Pearson s correlation study was done and used t test and Anova One-Way In order to identify sample performance differences In both instruments. The sample showed a non clinical pattern In choices and judgments of coping responses: as first option, they indicated coping focused on problem solving; as second option, they pointed underdeveloped behavior strategies of the examined personality profile; as third option, they chose emotion regulation focused coping; as fourth, they indicated social interaction focused coping and as last option they pointed overdeveloped compensatory disorder strategies as a way to face a stressing situation. On correlation between PBQ subscales and coping responses it was possible to see that high scores In answers that characterized the disorder had a positive correlation to overdeveloped compensatory strategies. This prove that the instrument is good to measure personality differences and that In situations which are closer to the personality psychopathology, unadapted strategies are pointed as a stressing situation coping form. There were some correlations between PBQ-ST subscales scores and coping answers focused on problem solving, emotion, social interaction and on personality disorder overdeveloped and underdeveloped compensatory strategies.

Professional education in medium level was the focus of this study, for being chosen, due it is a convenient teaching modality. It qualifies the worker in a short time and therefore it contributes to formation of critical individuals concerned to their role in the society and in work market. Fond data show that girls predominate in these courses, mainly in health technical courses. Most of these students are a little older than the average for the schooling level, 25 years old. They work and study at the same time and have already interrupted their school permanence. In a general way, the sample had a performance significantly above average for students in Minas Gerais state in RIn test and significant differences between boys and girls were not identified in this item. But concerning to motivation, in our sample, boys showed themselves as more oriented to learning goal and have looked for academic activities which represented bigger challenges and they considered that academic activities were rewarding by themselves, more than girls. The girls were more oriented to performance-approximation goal, in opposition do results for validation of Learning Motivation Scale. That is, girls behavior is directed to be the best In the class or to seem themselves as intelligent ones. It was observed that older was the sample more time out of school e worst performance in A and D series of RIn test (Non verbal reasoning test). Older the person more interested to learn she is. It was shown also that intelligence is merely a factor responsible for student motivation and class performance, mainly when they are adult in a technical and professional school. Self-effectiveness, everyone beliefs their own intelligence and effort are also basic in order that the student keep motivation. We can conclude that the results of this search are quite similar to those reported in literature on this subject.

The works found in recent literature relating to the school psychologist's performance have been predominantly focused on the ambit of public teaching. Thus, this study investigates this professional's practice in the private teaching network, based on qualitative assumptions, within a historical-cultural perspective. We carried out semi-structured interviews with twelve school psychologists of the private teaching network from the city of Uberlândia / MG and we found that the insertion of these psychologists in the private educational segment reflects, among other factors, historical issues related to the constitution of School Psychology in Brazil, which are unfolded in the school psychologist's social image. The work modes developed by the professionals of this study are predominantly traditional, sustained by a formation which reveals a tendency to theoretical eclecticism and difficulties in the appropriation of more recent scientific progresses in the area. The study points to the need of a greater investment on the part of training institutions and of the professionals working in the area to enlarge the field of performance

The study of leadership has been raising interest of theorists since the 1920s with the postulates of Trait Theory. In the sports context, spectators and professionals in the area ascribe significant weight to the leadership process in promoting the efficiency of teams. The measurement of this phenomenon in sports can still be considered a methodological gap due to the inexistence of a reliable and valid measurement instrument for the Brazilian reality. The aim of this study was to adapt, for the national context, the instrument of evaluation of leadership styles of coaches, known as Multidimensional Scale of Leadership in Sports (EMLD) in the version Present behaviors which was filled in by the athletes. The EMLD was constructed and validated in Portugal by Gomes (2005). The semantic analysis of the items of the instrument was carried out by eight judges: 3 doctors and 2 masters in Psychology; 1 doctor in Medical Sciences, and 2 graduate students in the educational area. Subsequently, the adaptation and validation of the measurement instrument was conducted. 290 athletes from team sports took part in this stage of the study. They answered a questionnaire composed by EMLD and by additional data from the sample. The data were submitted to reliability calculus of the original factors of EMLD and to factorial analysis in order to verify the adaptation and validation of the instrument. The factorial structure was composed by 3 factors that accounted for 37.1% of the total variance. The reliability for the factor: Motivational/inspiring leadership and positive contingency was 0.79; and it was 0.81 for the factors: Negative feedback and Leadership by informal relationship/social and affective support . The use of the measurement is recommended for academic research purposes. The results were discussed in relation to the theoretical models of the topic, the limitations of the study were identified, and a research agenda was suggested.

This work aims to reflect on the maternal role, specifically in regard to the question of how the discourse of the mother, in cases of adolescents in conflict with the law, has allowed or not the transmission of the Name of the Father. Also is considered that the contemporary family configurations, have dimensions different from those that led to theories of the Oedipus Complex. At this scope we analyzed how this affects the teens when his mother, acting as Another Primordial will be questioned again and when the teenager also separate themselves from their primordial objects. Taking as reference a psychoanalytic reading, we analyzed the configuration of four families in which teens were fulfilling socio-educational measures for Assisted Freedom, allowing the collection of qualitative information such as the various dimensions of femininity, from where it was possible to understand the construction of the Another Primordial and the desiring subject who operated the transmission of the Name of the Father The results showed a family operation guided by flattening of the relationship between parents and children in contemporary society and the fragility of the appointment father in cases of adolescents in conflict with the law, leading to the adolescent offender act, as a way to do this poor substitutive appointment.

Taking in consideration the present need for research in the area of distance education this study aims to investigate and analyze the pedagogical practices of tutoring in distance education by web, keeping as the main focus the analysis of the pedagogical mediation. For the analysis and understanding of mediacional action we used, as theoretical contributions, the referential on pedagogical mediation of Reuven Feuerstein. This research in psychology, with qualitative line, counted with the participation of 25 tutors of an Distance Education Graduation Course that is offered by a Federal University in Brasil and its coordinators. It had as Methodological proposal two moments of research: the first structured with the application of a questionnaire, built for the study, that worked with the participants ' registration information (name, education, professional experience, work goals and perceptions about the pedagogical practice in distance education); and, the second phase consisting of an interview with the participants, in which they were discussed issues such as pedagogical mediation in distance education, vocational training procedures for the work of mentoring and the mentor's pedagogical practice. The data analysis method chosen was The Grounded Theory, which is characterized by a qualitative analysis of data whose categorial differentiator is the construction of a theory that explains the phenomenon from data. Through the analysis of the results is possible to conclude that the pedagogical as proposed Feuerstein mediation may not yet be identified in practice educational administration course tutors to distance. Still could be concluded that the context of distance education lacks specific training for academic/professional teachers working in the distance and a defaulting in training elements are precisely the systematization of a mediacional action that takes into account the peculiarities of the distance education.

Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais

We performed an exploratory study of intelligence symbolic and not symbolic of children and adolescents with hearing loss based on the performance of participants in the standard battery of the Universal Nonverbal Intelligence Test (UNIT). Because it is a test that provides a general measure (factor g) of intelligence and cognitive skills through non-verbal procedures UNIT is one of the few tools for assessing intelligence that minimizes factors that can trigger erroneous interpretations that involve verbal processes or language. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of language in the development of intelligence in children with deafness and how variables such as education, age, level of hearing loss, linguistic method (signing, oralizing, total communication) can influence the verbal and nonverbal intelligence. The survey was made with 55 deaf children and adolescents in institutions of education or in institutions offering extra-curricular activities (music, tuition signing, pedagogical support, etc.) in the city of Uberlandia and Patos de Minas. In relation to the general sample analysis (parametric analysis) the main results show a significant difference between IQ Symbolic and IQ non-symbolic (t (54) = 13.158, p <0.001), there is strong correlation between both (r = 0.662, p <0.05). When we underwent the scores of IQ Symbolic and IQ Non-symbolic of UNIT to an ANOVA with the age factor, the results showed a statistically significant difference in the following variables: age (p = 2.376, p <0.05); extra class activity ( p = 3.244, p <0.05), and hearing the parents (p = 6.844, p <0.05). In order to perform more detailed analysis (nonparametric analysis), the sample was divided into subgroups, with the criterion of extra-curricular activities, note that for the sample of the conservatory IQ symbolic is statistically higher compared with the IQ non-symbolic (z = 3.92, p <0.001), since the sample of school educational support the score of IQ non-symbolic compared to the score of non-symbolic IQ is significantly higher (z = 3.52, p <0.001). Thus, we find that variables such as age at which there was hearing loss, the level of hearing loss, schooling and skills developed in non-academic activities are factors influenced mainly symbolic in IQ. And the extra activities are an important factor for both symbolic abilities related to intelligence about the non-symbolic intelligence.

The stress at work has been too investigated in Brazil and abroad due to their harmful consequences to individuals and organizations. The profession of driver has already been identified as one of the most subject to the occurrence of stress. In view of these issues, the present study aimed to know which factors bus drivers consider as stressors at work, and also identify wheather they are under stress, and which are the symptoms and the stress phase they present. A sample with 134 drivers from two public transportation companies in Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, participated in this study, using as instrument an interview script composed by questions related to the perceived stress factors, to personal and professional data and the Lipp Inventory of Stress for Adults - ISSL. All data obtained have been entered into a spreadsheet SPSS for Windows program, version 17.0, for performing statistical analysis. The answers obtained with the interviews were subjected to content analysis, getting seven categories of stressors, among them "traffic", "social relationships" and "pressure of time" were predominant. Personal and professional data were correlated with data about stress using statistical analysis through Pearson correlation and Chi-square. The analysis by the Pearson coefficient showed that the greater the time in the current company, more symptoms of stress were reported. The associations obtained with Chi-square only were significantly to those who responded positively to the questions "Are you experiencing a problem outside the work situation that is causing your stress?" and/or "Have you ever had any health problem due to your work?" Further the subjects that have pointed the categories Low power" and "Social relationships" represented a proportional greater stress than those who haven t. The index of stress presented by the sample was 34,3%, and that was considered comparatively low. Among the drivers who have stress, the resistance phase and the psychological symptoms were predominant. It is suggested that future research investigate the specific working conditions of Uberlândia and the public transportation companies of the city.

The theme of this dissertation involves the non-profit entities, represented mostly by NGOs, using them as a focal point for discussion of solidarity inherent to their speeches. Returning to the political, historical and social giving rise to such civil society initiative, we ve found many factors that led us to realize a social process of politicization since the 1980s. Nowadays, we can observe the interference of globalization and neoliberalism in the weakening of the state as a promoter of social welfare s policies. In this context, the logic of the market went into effect more strongly in the world, so that, the social sectors are contracted by the State, which led to the subsequent mobilization of civil society s layers initiatives that include private stamp, however, with public funds for the implementation of their actions. These, in turn, will be offered to the population as services that can be consumed, minimizing the possibilities of political participation. Using psychoanalysis to seek understandings applicable to this social setting, were raised theoretical assumptions related to a typical logic discursive of solidarity movements. Following this logic, would present the mechanisms used in the contemporary world to escape the helplessness associated with narcissism, masochism and traumatic. Eleven interviews were conducted in three nonprofits in the city of Uberlândia, in order to understand how to structure the logical discursive management of helplessness in these institutions. The analysis of the interviews led us to the understanding of a common logic to the discourse of the institutions. The main mechanisms found in the discourse of solidarity were four. One was the narcissistic splitting as a resource removal of the conflictive construction through a harmonious speech, which provides a second mechanism: the idealization. This is present in a context in which the subject itself is able to see how powerful and capable of promoting a harmonious world. As a result, the omnipotence is made as collateral to cover the subject that the fault is on the other, and not himself. The subject of joint action in this context is how you get that knowledge and power. However, on this mastery condition, this solidarity action s person seem like a slave in the face of the necessity of keeping himself on this omnipotent in front of the helplessness s condition. The fourth mechanism was found to deliver this masochistic among the subjects of joint action. Considering the results, the reflections directed to the needs of establishing horizontal links to cope with the helplessness, the recognition of otherness and political expression.

In this paper, the reader is invited to explore the ways that lead to some elaborations related to the helplessness in the psychoanalytic theory, specifically in Freud, from the constitution of ego and the clinic experience of some parents. Helplessness in Freud is considered as inherent condition in the human being. It manifests in the fragility of the baby before the incapacity of surviving by its own means, in the anxiety before the separation of the love object, in the fear of live´s end, in the fragility of the body, in the ilusion of protection in civilization. What is being shown in this paper is how the psychic experience emerges in the psychoanalytic clinic or, in which sense, the helplessness of the parents is revived in the children leaving these parents distant from their peculiarity; and how the helplessness has become present in the way of live of contemporary man. With the five cases presented, helplessness is shown as a paradoxal condition, in other words, the ego being marked by the carer which leads to helplessness in the condition that imprisons and in the condition that sets free, indicating the way of desire. Therefore, the capacity of human being to rise before his fragility is present in his origins; it´s life fighting against and with death.