Repositório RCAAP

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

The research that gave origin to the present work is constituted from a document produced by Richard Shaull, missionary of the Presbyterian Church of the United States working in Brazil, when he occupied the vice-presidency of the Mackenzie Institute, in 1960-1961. Marcel Mendes, in his book Tempos de Transição (Transition Times) (2016), mentions the document, stating that it had not yet been the object of a critical analysis. The present work is proposed to carry out such an analysis. From this document, and taking into account the whole cultural biography of Shaull, it is sought to evaluate its pedagogical contribution, not as explored as theological aspect in the works on the said author. Recognizing the connection, also described as "porosity" in Shaull, between theology, missiology, eschatology, pedagogy and sociology, in a true interdisciplinarity, the work seeks to map Shaull's insights to education from his theological-missionary journey. In constructing such mapping, one starts with the educator's formation process, continuing with his academic and missionary experiences, considering the role played by his teachers and his students in his role as a social educator. Qualifying him as a social educator in his work, he seeks to bring his work closer to the theoretical framework represented by the work of Paulo Freire (1921-1997), a Brazilian educator with whom Shaull identifies himself. It is followed by the analysis of two documents: a) Shaull's prologue to the English version of Paulo Freire's A pedagogia do oprimido (The Pedagogy of the Oppressed); and (b) the Shaull’s report on the period in which he held the vice-chair of the Mackenzie Institute. The work is concluded, seeking to return to Shaull's insights identified throughout the text and to point out, from them, the paths that open them to an organic Christian activity in education.

Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Through an interventionist approach, this research modifies the reality of three SMEs, specifically in the management aspect. SMEs, as the vast literature suggests worldwide, have some difficulties in surviving, as one of the main causes the management and financing control. The researcher mediated in the reality of three companies associated to SINAFER, Iron Crafts, Metals and Tools Companies Union in São Paulo State, mainly the cash flow, not only in its operational aspect, as well the management view, as to the itemized ordination, separating the operational generation of investments and financial events, as well the prospective aspect, developing cash flow projections. It was exploited a working capital tool, facing to a comparison of EBITDA with a cash operational generation and variation analysis. The used methodology considered an initial phase which consisted in training sections and later field intervention sections. The main output results showed an increase of the financial controls of the researched companies, generating knowledge which allowed them to have more adequate information to take decision, disclosing to the researchers the adherence of the theme for this company profile, something that may be replied in a major scale. The results also showed that the problems of the research, despite planned, emerge from the field as a result of the interaction among the researches and the managers of the studied companies, which is a characteristic that differ from the consultant reports, where the issues are previously defined by the company managers.

The Spanish baroque painter Francisco de Zurbarán (1598 - 1664) is known for his mastery of reproducing fabrics, and this skill reached the most notable point in his series of paintings of virgin martyr saints, which depicts sanctified characters of the Roman Empire and the Middle Ages with contemporary and luxurious outfits. This thematic and stylistic choice gives the viewer a glimpse of the clothes worn by the women who lived in the same period as the artist, with a wealth of details. However, more than simply documenting the fashion of the 17th century in these works, the artist included elements of clothing from the 16th century, prints and theatrical inspirations, and his own ways of combining and positioning the pieces of clothing, also acting as a fashion creator. The present study investigates these different aspects of Zurbarán, through bibliographic research and the analysis of 3 paintings - Santa Isabel de Portugal, Santa Casilda and Santa Margarita -, which provides a more detailed view of your knowledge about Spanish fashion, its creative process, its artistic and religious influences.

Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

CNPQ - Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

Située dans un temps où les besoins en énergie s'accroissent, surtout pour la construction de bâtiments et leur maintien dans un cadre de développment durable et, partant de recheches et d'analyses d'exemples d'architectures qui ont misé sur la primauté du soleil, tout au long du XXéme siècle, cette thèse propose une reflection à propos des prévisions de développment d'une architecture solaire possible au XXIéme siécle pour prouver que l'utilisation de l'énergie solaire en architecture est une solution naturelle pour suffire aux besoins énergétiques d'un bâtiment et qu'elle ne dépend pas plus des techniques spécifiques que de transformations des façons de concevoir une telle architecture. Elle dépend aussi de son rôle attendu pour la production d'énergie, tout comme de bien d'autres facteurs qui régissent la construction en une societé et qui ont leur origine parmi des contextes culturels, politiques et économiques.

Instituto Presbiteriano Mackenzie

A presente monografia tem como objeto primordial examinar a constitucionalidade da tributação pelo ICMS, ISS ou por tributo de competência da União do licenciamento do software disponibilizado por meio eletrônico, principalmente no que tange o Software as a Service (“SaaS”), o qual é uma espécie da chamada “computação na nuvem” (cloud computing). Muito embora as discussões acerca da natureza jurídica do software e de sua tributação não sejam novas, com o avanço tecnológico, a forma de disponibilização do software acabou por ser alterada diversas vezes, de modo que o direito não conseguiu acompanhar essa evolução. Assim, no que diz respeito à tributação do cloud computing, tanto a doutrina como a jurisprudência ainda são muito tímidas e rasas, de modo que isso abriu espaço para os Estados e Municípios tomarem a iniciativa de legislar sobre o assunto. Assim, a presente monografia visa a análise, à luz das principais doutrinas, da Constituição Federal de 1988 e da jurisprudência, dos principais argumentos para afastar a tributação do SaaS pelo ICMS e por tributo de competência da União e a, por fim, a demonstração acerca da constitucionalidade da incidência do ISS sobre o mesmo.

The paper deals with the problem of corruption by looking at the economic and behavioral theories about the phenomenon. Going through different economic approaches, from Becker's crime theory, institutional theories, and focusing on the agent-principal model and Klitgaard’s view on corruption, the paper discusses the effectiveness of policies based in these principles. The behavioral economic approach is presented as a complementary view to economic discussions. The corrupt decision-making process is a complex interaction between an institutional and economic environment, cultural system, values of the environment and intrinsic motivations of the individual along with his emotions, social preferences and intuitions. The behavioral portion open up the "black box" of moral psychology and shows why people can commit acts of moral transgression and at the same time feel ethical. Nudge policies that have their roots in behavioral economy discoveries can serve as an interesting complement to traditional monitoring policies and penalties and should aim to influence the most unconscious motivations of individuals. However, like many interventionist policies, the behavioral agenda also presents obstacles in terms of universality and possible unintended consequences of public interventions in the process of agent discovery and learning. Therefore, it is important that public and regulatory actors be mindful of their own limitations.

O trabalho discorre sobre a extração de minério de ferro do solo de Minas Gerais, com extração voraz, com a empresa Vale do Rio Doce, na cidade de Itabira, que partir daí, vários outros pontos de exploração surgiram no território, criando grandes feridas na natureza, como crateras...

Disponível online: https://youtu.be/pmYNW1Oa44o

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

This thesis analyzes the limits that structural racism imposes on the development of public policies concerned to the fight against racial discrimination. Its research problem is based on the necessity to verify how the articulation between structural racism and the ideology of whiteness makes it difficult to enforce racial equality policies in the area of public security. Therefore, it was established as a general objective to analyze the role and effects of these phenomena in such policies. As specific objectives were determined to understand how racism, in its most diverse manifestations, would influence the conception of that kind of public policies; to identify the importance of structural racism and the ideology of whiteness in the contemporary Brazilian society; to verify the effects of racism on legal order and to the police forces practice; to describe how the intersectionality of categories such as race, color, gender, class, income and origin would help to maintain racism and discrimination; and to determine rules that could help in the elaboration of public security policies that take into account such intersectionality. Based on the fact that the racialized organization of contemporary society brings us a pattern of values, customs and attitudes that are determined by an ideology aimed at maintaining whiteness as a pattern of sociability, this research is dedicated to identifying how the advantages and the privileges of the white race naturalize and justify economic inequalities, removing the perception that such conflicts would be due to the racial phenomenon and that it would be reflected in the modus operandi of the public security agents. With regard to the conclusions and results achieved, should be highlighted the importance of reducing personal decisions of public security agents in the execution of their legal duties, through the development of specific protocols to regulate their actions when carrying out activities that may result in violation of the rights of black citizens. Hence, it has been realized that structural racism and the ideology of whiteness in public security need to be done through public policies capable of identifying them and making them explicit, so that it will be possible to recognize their influence on the actions of police officers.

Disponível online: https://youtu.be/Ydf65J8bDhY

This work shows an Erbium doped-fiber Laser with many frequencies and many operation regimes based on integration of two paired arrayed waveguide gratings (AWGs) into a ring cavity. The AWGs are highlighted, since 2000, as key technology for multifrequencies lasers for optical communications, spectroscopy, image, astronomy and others applications. Fundamentally, gratings work splitting waveguide signal and since insertion in the cavity they allow simultaneous operating of tens of wavelength. We explore each one of these wavelength withing Erbium gain region, doing channels in different regimes of operation. These regimes may be continuous or pulsed. The advantage is that each channel may be modulated independently. Simultaneous operation with high repetition rates at 10 and 40 GHz were demonstrated, as continuous wave. The laser is stable, versatile and multifunctional. It is possible that more operating regimes, as passive mode-locking, be explored. We showed by this work efficient way to passive mode-locking by carbon nanotubes as saturable absorbers. Soon, the passive mode-locking is a potential regime for the demonstrated laser. As the new bi-dimensional materials, that look efficient for passive mode-locking and in the future, hybrid mode-locking, as graphene and black phosphor.