Repositório RCAAP

ABSTRACT Objective: to understand the perception of nurses and their needs regarding Nursing Process implantation in a long-term psychiatric hospitalization unit. Method: a convergent care research, carried out in a psychiatric institute in Rio de Janeiro, with 13 nurses. Data were produced between May/2016 and August/2017, with observation in a field diary, semi-structured interviews and groups. Data were analyzed regarding content, theme and by the software NVivo. Results: three thematic categories were developed: Knowledge and practices of participants on Systematization of Nursing Care, Nursing Process and classification system; Convergence points: Nursing Process in practice and research; Challenges of Nursing Process implantation in mental health. Final considerations: implantation was perceived by nurses as a way to be constructed: in the stages of Nursing Process, in handling classifications, but mainly in articulation with the Brazilian National Mental Health Policy.

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the training of nurses from public and private educational institutions of the city of São Paulo from the perspective of the Brazilian Psychiatric Reform. Methods: a qualitative, descriptive-exploratory research, using as methodological framework documentary analysis of the pedagogical projects of the participating institutions and content analysis of the interviews carried out with mental health professors. Results: it was identified that most mental health courses had insufficient workload for adequate training; theory emphasized the study of mental disorders and drug treatment; practice, in some schools, was carried out in psychiatric hospitals. There were problems that interfered with the quality of the education offered. Final considerations: educational institutions still did not offer training in undergraduate nursing from the perspective of the Brazilian Psychiatric Reform.

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the prevalence of common mental disorders and associated factors in school adolescents. Method: Cross-sectional study with 230 adolescents from a public school in Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. We used a questionnaire and an assessment scale for common mental disorders. The data were processed in STATA, version 12. Results: The prevalence of common mental disorders in schoolchildren was 52.2%. Multivariate analysis identified a positive association with statistical significance between the condition and the variables:female gender (PR = 3.06; 95% CI: 1.77-5.4), black race (PR = 2.08; 95% CI: 1.04-4.16),having a boyfriend (PR = 2.07; 95% CI: 1.06-4.03) and smoking cigarettes once in a lifetime (PR = 2.88; 95% CI : 1.31 - 6.31). The school increase (OR = 0.52; 95% CI: 0.29-0.91) was identified as a protective factor. Conclusion: Female gender, black race, having a relationship, and having smoked cigarettes are factors that increase the chances of adolescents having common mental disorders.

ABSTRACT Objective: to recognize villages as territories of care and daily resistance to social marginalization. Methods: a descriptive study with a qualitative approach based on the methodological framework of ethnography inspired by Interpretative Anthropology. Two-year field research (from the second half of 2015 to the first half of 2017). Participant observation and semi-structured interviews with four privileged interlocutors and a field diary have been used. Data systematization was carried out throughout field work. Results: three categories emerged: Interlocutors talking about their life in villages; Villages as a care device; and Drugs in villages. Final considerations: the results reveal the challenge for health and nursing to recognize the need to understand the contexts of urban life of homeless persons. Nurses need to include cultural elements in their work processes, promoting bonding and understanding the ways of life of homeless persons.

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the symptoms of anxiety and depression in informal caregivers of dependent elderly at home. Methods: Analytical, cross-sectional study conducted in the city of Teresina (PI), with informal caregivers of dependent elderly people. Data collection took place from November 2017 to February 2018, using a characterization form for the dependent elderly and their caregiver, Beck’s Anxiety Inventory (BAI) and Beck’s Depression Inventory (BDI). The forward linear regression model was used to identify the predictive variables of anxiety and depression. Results: It was found that 18.4% of caregivers had symptoms of depression; and 14%, moderate to severe anxiety. There was a correlation between anxiety and depression (p = 0.000). Conclusion: The findings of this study make it possible to assess anxiety and depression in caregivers of dependent elderly people, making it possible, through these parameters, to view the profile and care demands of this population.

ABSTRACT Objective: To characterize the attitudes of Primary Health Care nurses, regarding the involvement of the family in the care for people with Mental Disorder. Methods: Correlational study with 257 nurses from the city of São Paulo. The scale “Importance of Families in Nursing Care- Nurses’ Attitudes” was used. For the analysis, descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Results: The scale scores were high, with a mean value of 82.1 (SD=8.4) favorable to the families’ involvement, and are related to being a nurse in the Family Health Strategy (p<0.001), having received education/training in family nursing (p<0.005), the workload of 40 hours/week (p<0.005), working in the West, East and Center Regions (p<0.005). Conclusion: Most nurses have positive attitudes towards the involvement of families, a relevant indicator for their inclusion in the health-mental care process.

ABSTRACT Objective: To identify the prevalence of anxiety and depression and its association with psychoaffective, family-related, and daily-life variables of celiac individuals. Methods: Crosssectional study, developed with 83 celiac patients in Fortaleza. An instrument was applied with variables grouped in the categories: psychoaffective, family-related, and daily-life. Results: It was found that 52 celiac patients (62.7%) had anxiety and 29 (34.9%) had depression. The clinical conditions found and the number of symptoms increased the chance of anxiety/depression. The predominant factors in those with anxiety were Lack of control of the celiac disease (98.1%), Perceived clinical condition (75.0%), Daily obstacles for maintaining a gluten-free diet (63.4%), and Daily activities (55.8%). In those with depression, there was a higher prevalence of Lack of control of the celiac disease (100.0%), Perceived clinical condition (82.2%), and Daily obstacles for maintaining a gluten-free diet (69.0%). Conclusion: Celiac individuals with anxiety and depression frameworks presented a higher frequency of Perceived clinical condition, Insufficient social support (psychoaffective factors) and Daily obstacles for maintaining a gluten-free diet (daily-life factor).

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the relationship between psychoactive substance use, anxiety, depression and stress by workers at a Brazilian public university. Methods: This is a cross-sectional study with a quantitative approach, carried out with 345 workers from a public higher education institution, located in a city in the interior of the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Results: Professionals with an average age of 38.9 years, 187 (54.2%) were women, 163 (47.2%) were single, 186 (53.9%) professed the Catholic religion, 223 (64.8%) had graduate school education. Of the workers, 122 (35.4%) considered their work to be stressful. The use of alcohol in the binge pattern (monthly) and heavy episodic drinking (weekly) were higher among workers with higher levels of anxiety, depression and stress. Conclusion: The use of alcohol in its different forms, stress, depression and anxiety show particularities that must be evaluated and recognized among the worker’s health problems.

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the discursive memories about the harm reduction strategy, which permeate the knowledge of Primary Health Care nursing professionals. Method: a qualitative and exploratory study based on the French Discourse Analysis theoretical-methodological framework. Semi-structured interviews were carried out with 14 Primary Health Care nursing professionals. Results: analysis indicated a predominance of discursive memories related to the biomedical model of health conception as well as religious and moral approaches regarding psychoactive substance use. The perspective of an “expanded clinic” was discreet, highlighting the link and prevention of risks and harms from psychoactive substance use that affect the physiological dimension. Final considerations: the impact of this study emphasizes the need for permanent education proposals on harm reduction concepts in training and qualifying nursing professionals.

ABSTRACT Objective: to estimate the prevalence and factors associated with suicide risk among nurses and physicians. Method: a cross-sectional study carried out at a university hospital with 216 health professionals, who answered a socio-demographic-labor questionnaire, the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI) for assessing suicide risk, and the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS 21). The Poisson Regression Model was used for multiple analysis. Results: it was identified that variables such as not having a partner, history of attempted suicide, stress and depression symptoms were statistically associated with suicide risk. The prevalence of lifelong suicide attempts among nurses was 9.41%, and among physicians, 2.29%. Conclusion: the findings of this investigation enable the understanding of suicidal behavior among hospital nurses and physicians, in addition to enabling the development of prevention strategies in order to reduce suicide risk prevalence in this population group.

ABSTRACT Objective: to estimate prevalence and factors associated with the consumption of psychoactive substances among health care workers in hospitals. Method: cross-sectional study, with a sample of 289 health care professionals in a large hospital in Teresina, Piauí, Brazil. Results: 243 (84.1%) reported consumption of psychoactive substances; 124 (86.7%) of professionals who classed their level of satisfaction as moderate had double the chance (OR = 1.98 CI95% 1.02- 3.85) of consuming psychoactive substances; 40 (93%) of those with low level of satisfaction showed a four times higher chance (OR = 4.05 CI95% 1.15-14.26) of consumption; and 72 (75.8%) of those who reported a “good” state of health before work had a 54% lower chance of consumption (OR= 0.46 CI95% 0.234-0919). Conclusion: consumption of psychoactive substances was associated with factors related to level of job satisfaction and perceived health status before work

ABSTRACT Objective: to apprehend the guidelines provided by the interdisciplinary team to the user’s family member at a Centro de Atenção Psicossocial Álcool e Drogas (Psychosocial Care Center for Alcohol and Drugs). Methods: descriptive-exploratory study, with a qualitative approach, carried out in a Psychosocial Care Center for alcohol and drugs in the southern region of Brazil, using the Psychiatric Reform as a conceptual basis. Data collection took place from June to August of 2019 through semi-structured interviews with a multidisciplinary team. The data were organized and operationalized in the IRAMUTEQ® software, and submitted to content analysis, thematic modality. Results: two classes emerged: “Guidelines referring to moments of crisis and the family members’ arrival to the service” and “Difficult factors and strategies to enhance the guidance to family members”. Final Considerations: The guidelines focus on pathology and the service itself. Participants highlighted embracement, the group for families, qualified listening, and cooperation with primary care as ways to enhance the service to families.

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe professionals’ perceptions about the therapeutic effectiveness of group care. Method: a descriptive, exploratory, qualitative research of the type of intervention carried out with 30 professionals from Psychosocial Care Centers for Alcohol and Drugs in a municipality in center-westerns Brazil, from March to April 2019. Self-applicable instruments and round circles were used. The emerging data were submitted to content analysis. Results: professionals perceive the benefits of group practices and relate them to some therapeutic factors in the group. It is evident the little formal and systematized knowledge about the group process elements. Final Considerations: the therapeutic effectiveness of group processes is compromised due to absence of systematic records that allow to perceive the therapeutic progress of users, even though professionals perceive the emergence of therapeutic factors of the groups in the context of psychosocial care.

ABSTRACT Objective: to describe the risk factors that influence the self-injury behavior of adolescents assisted at a Psychosocial Care Center for Children and Adolescents, according to subjects’ own perceptions. Method: a descriptive, exploratory, qualitative study carried out through medical records and a focus group with 07 adolescents. The statements were submitted to thematic content analysis. Results: in the risk factors category, four subcategories emerged: Family adversity factors; Social contagion; Adverse life events; Personal characteristics. Conflicts, lack of support, drug use in the family, meeting someone who cuts themselves, social networks, religiosity, history of sexual violence and bullying were identified as risk factors that influence self-injury. Final Considerations: adolescents pointed out the need for prejudice-free dialogues in schools, in health and family devices, configuring protective factors to avoid this practice that comes from several negative events throughout life.

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the psychic exhaustion experienced by nursing workers in nuclear medicine services. Method: a qualitative study that used the methodological assumptions of Psychodynamics of Work. The study was 12 nursing workers from two nuclear medicine services. For data analysis and treatment, Collective Subject Discourse was used with help of the software QualiQuantSoft®. Results: the psychic exhaustion experienced by nursing workers originates mainly from work organization, conditions and relationships, and can compromise the quality of care provided and workers’ quality of life. Psychic exhaustion is manifested by stress, tiredness and apathy in activities performed outside the work environment. Final considerations: individuals who work also live socially, so psychic health maintenance will impact on work activity. The service should include workers in the organization and offer spaces for dialogue and collective support.

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the sociodemographic and epidemiological profile of suicide in the indigenous and non-indigenous population and the spatiality of the event. Method: Epidemiological, descriptive research, carried out with data from the Mortality Information System. Suicide mortality rates were calculated for the 144 municipalities in Pará and linked to the geographic location values of the municipalities; subsequently, thematic maps were built using the QGIS 3.10.3 software. The association between variables was measured by the G test. Results: 1,387 suicide records were studied, and the mortality rate among indigenous people was low in comparison to non-indigenous people, reaching 0.1/100 thousand inhabitants and 17.5/100 thousand inhabitants, respectively. Conclusion: Suicide is heterogeneously distributed in the territory, with greater vulnerability of the indigenous people, which demands different policies considering their cultural diversity.

ABSTRACT Objective: to identify and map the mental health care offered to patients admitted to forensic psychiatry institutes in Brazil. Method: a scoping review was guided by the JBI Institute Reviewer’s Manual. Searches took place in February 2019, in six databases, using descriptors and synonyms. Analysis was performed using simple descriptive statistics. Results: twelve studies were included, which were predominantly dissertations, published in 2014, carried out in the southeastern region of Brazil. Qualitative researches in the field of psychology and law stood out, with emphasis on the speeches of health professionals, and which did not specify the methodology of data analysis. Final considerations: the care provided to interns of the institutions has a punitive character, is based on excessive medicalization and diverges from the current legislation, which makes social reintegration difficult.

ABSTRACT Objective: to investigate approaches to workload in psychiatric and mental health nursing in Brazilian and international production of knowledge Methods: integrative literature review using six databases, covering January 2005 to March 2019. Articles in full in English, Spanish and Portuguese were included. Results: the sample consisted of 23 original articles classified as quantitative or emotional. The quantitative dimension was addressed in 12 articles and included: assessing patient care needs, identifying activities performed by the team, measuring time spent and developing and validating a measurement instrument. The emotional dimension included 11 articles the focus of which was on identifying stressors in the workplace, psychosocial risks and coping strategies. Conclusion: strategies were found for measuring workload and assessing the impact of stressors on nursing teams.

ABSTRACT Objective: to investigate occurrence and risk factors for common mental disorders and perinatal depressive symptoms. Methods: an integrative literature review using CINAHL, Embase, PubMed, PsycINFO, and LILACS, looking for studies conducted between 2014 and 2019. Data collection took place between June and July 2019. Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS) and Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) were used in the search strategies employed in each database. Results: thirteen articles were included. Most studies were conducted in Brazil and with a cross-sectional design. The highest prevalence of common mental disorders (63%) and depressive symptoms (30%) were found in Brazilian studies. Conclusion: high frequencies were found for perinatal mental disorder, with emphasis on studies carried out in Brazil. Low socioeconomic status, being a single mother, history of mental disorder, unplanned pregnancy and multiparity were risk factors for the investigated disorders.

ABSTRACT Objective: to reflect on the psychosocial risks and their impacts on the health of health workers in light of the Brazilian economic context and Labor Reform. Method: reflective study on the Brazilian Labor Reform and its impacts on health of health workers. Results: although the changes observed in the labor sphere have contributed to improvements in health and safety policies for, these changes have also contributed to the emergence of new risks arising from work activities, including psychosocial risks, which affect all occupational categories. Final considerations: we understand that the Brazilian Labor Reform carried out in 2017 leads to the weakening of labor relations, increases workers’ exposure to risks in the workplace, increases the risk of illness, and opposes the global movement of international organizations aimed at the prevention of aggravation in workers’ health and also at preserving their health.