Repositório RCAAP

This study aims to highlight two milestones of the complex progressive process within the sovereign power from the Christian Middle Ages: First, the beginning of the fourteenth century, where the prior clear signs of a split in sovereignty within the doctrine of sacerdotalism appear. The second one, at the end of the sixteenth century, where the legal factor is accentuated and it accelerates the process of secularization dividing the powers of Church and State to the point of accepting the doctrine of popular sovereignty. In my view, the process concerns the issue of relations between the sovereign power of the Church and the State, just before Jean Bodin and others formulate a theory of sovereign authority, that is, before the birth of the Modern State.

Acta Scientiarum. Education v. 38, n. 2, 2016

Referees for Volume 38, n. 2 of the Acta Scientiarium. Education, 2016

Considering the trajectory of social movements in defense and in the construction of education for peasant populations, this article aimed to point out and discuss the possibilities and limitations of field education concept, to the extent that we believe that this discussion becomes even more important when we consider that the capitalist society is organized into social classes, with a strong domain of the class that holds the means of production on the class that sells workforce to ensure thelivelihood. The methodological guideline consisted of components of the technical-documentary analysis, as it admits scientific books and writings, laws, resolutions, ordinances, federal, state and local opinions as sources.We opted for the technical-documentary analysis, since the documents are stable and perennial source of information, persisting over time and can be consulted repeatedly, which provides greater stability to the conclusions.We realized the recognition of the social movements in defense of education in the field, the importance of knowledge in the formation process for peasant populations, camping and settled down, as well as a more objective understanding of the relevance in the fight for the transposition of the capitalist society. 

This paper aimed to discuss the relationship between education and slavery in the Captaincy of Sergipe del Rey, as well as investigate the executrix Anna PaesTelles(1771)to evidence her profile in the seventeenth century society. To understand the legal order that governed the colonial society, we consulted the Philippines Laws (1870), First Constitutions of the Archbishopric of Bahia. (2010). Through these documentary sources, it was possible to go through the 18th century and analyze it under different perspectives. The authors who support this analysis are: Costa (1999), Freyre (1986-1990) Faria (1998), Silva (2008), among others. 

 This article aimed to analyze production of texts by children at the beginning of nine year-elementary emphasizing the positioning of children on the proposals and recipients chosen to their texts. It reflects the possibilities of the children to produce texts in early literacy. This is a qualitative research with socio-historical approach and uses, as a technique of data production, proposals of textual production with children. It can be concluded that, in the production of texts, children build their speech from their interlocutors, indicating that production of texts has to become essential in the teaching learning process of reading and writing in early literacy. 

 This study is the result of a master’s thesis of the Graduate Program in Education for Science and Mathematics, PCM-UEM. The goal was to historically investigate the process of creating the course of mathematics at the State University of Maringa and the development of the course in the first years in the period between 1969 and 1982. In this article, we aimed to present the historical narrative of the course of mathematics of UEM, built in the master’s thesis. This work is inserted in the subject of History of Mathematics in Brazil and the presented narrative is structured through three intertwinedperspectives: documentary, oral and literature. Our analyses showed that the course of Mathematics at UEM was created to help in the development and visibility of the city of Maringá, to create an opening for the engineering courses and to remedy gaps of teachers in secondary education in the region at that time. 

This article presents the initial theme Math teacher education and inclusion of students with disabilities in regular education. It aims to analyze a practice in the initial formation of teachers of Mathematics with a view to the future teaching exercise that promotes the school and social inclusion of students with disabilities,  in a private institution of Higher Education of Parana. This research presents a qualitative approach, using applied research strategy. Were proposed to interview students with professionals working in the Special Education and Mathematics teachers who have students included in their regular groups; soroban classes and braille materials and adaptations. The results show that teachers provide insights into the future roadmap inclusion of people with disabilities can contribute to the discussion of pedagogical practice in front of the differences and thus promote a truly inclusive education. 

In face of education challenges, social and legal changes considering social inclusion, the objective of this article was to present results obtained in Master degree in Education, which analyzed the process of educational inclusion of visually impaired people in undergraduate distance education courses in Brazil, using communication and information digital technologies and assistive technology. The research analyzed twelve articles from five categories of pre-defined analysis: contributions from Distance education to students with visual impairment; mediation using communication and information digital technology and assistive technology; fragility between distance education and student with visual impairment; challenges in pedagogical practice and also the learning process to achieve educational inclusion. The results show that studies on this topic are recent, but the existing processes says the learning distance contribute with educational inclusion of these students, when provide the access to a quality education and guarantees the student’s right established by law. The main challenges are teacher’s mediation, training, accessibility of learning virtual environments and the control of technologies by teachers and students. 

The objective of this study was to analyze the education and poverty conceptions present in material published from 2006 and 2014 that speak directly to beneficiaries of the ProgramaBolsaFamília (PBF), a Brazilian federal cash transfer program. The assumption of the survey was that the wordings are composed of material, cultural, historical and socialaspects. Publications understand poverty by multiple dimensions, such as lack of access to healthy food and denial of rights.Education has been recognized as an important means to overcome the socio-economic vulnerabilities. The discursive genre of the material includes a prescriptive and disciplinarian character; however, this feature has been losing strength over the publications. 

The considerations on the book “VirtuosaBenfeitoria” aim atevaluating the relevance of a social project to guide the actions of the ruler and theindividuals, with a view to practical actions that converge to the common good. The infant D. Pedro, also known as the Duke of Coimbra, wrote the work. The central focus of the book is to address the sense of improvement and how the prince should practice and bestow it and how the subjects would receive and practice it. The arguments of D. Pedro to deal with the good and the society are strongly influenced by classical authorities and authors of scholasticism, especially Thomas Aquinas. In this sense, on the one hand our study seeks to show that such knowledge was essential for him to understand the plots that build human relationships, whose premises, to him, should be the ones leading society towards the common good;on the other hand, the goal is to analyze the work we regard as essential theoretical and methodological principles of history that allow us to recover, through memory, historical events that potentially guide us through paths that show the relevance of the Master of the University, as a vector in the organization of a given society. 

 This study aims to understand the strategy definition processes in faculty development movements of five Brazilian public universities. Specifically, we wanted to know about the articulation of university pedagogy with different areas of knowledge, describe the strategies developed and realize conditions that facilitate and/or hinder their development. Seven academic administrators involved in the organization and planning of these strategies collaborated in this research. The results revealed that the main strategies used are lectures, seminars and workshops; and that only one of the institutions uses activities mediated by information and communication technologies such as teleducation. The interviewees mentioned that the universities have difficulties in establishing and strengthening pedagogical advisory groups to bring together teachers and staff to address teaching practice issues, given the specificities of the institution. In fact, little was mentioned about organizing and enhancing internal groups for this purpose, which may suggest that they are not relying on specialized researchers or sufficiently considering the literature and experiences in this field. At the end, we point out that further studies could provide more insight into the impasses and their conditioning factors, thus, could help in the development of organizational and programmatic alternatives or innovations to improve teaching and learning processes in Brazilian higher education. 

 This study aimed to analyze the role of the Journal Ensino Industrial as diffuser of the idea of expansion of the industrial education as a condition for economic and social development of Brazil, since editing its first issue in 1962 until March 1964, upon the occurrence of the business-military coup. The publication on focus is a continuation of the Boletim da CBAI, which publicized the activities of the Brazilian-American Commission of Industrial Education for the improvement of industrial education in Brazil, according to the ideology of Americanism. Its assumptions were considered the way to overcome the country's delay by proposing the adoption of streamline standards for the training of the workforce for the industry, whose base was the Theory of Human Capital. Ensino Industrial served as a diffuser for the dissemination of activities concerning industrial education inBrazil, highlighting the importance of planning and international cooperation in the area. The lack of manpower to the continuity of the process of modernization that led to the creation of the Intensive Preparation for Industrial Labor (PIPMOI), aiming at the rapid training of workers, but it did not materialize in better living conditions for the working class. 

This study aimed to review the philosophical-religious experience of Neoplatonism and the structural similarities in the textual scenario of Confessions of St. Augustine, specifically the episode of Ostia Vision. The process of ascension to the contemplation of higher realities contains a similar gradation in both authors, but differs by both the symbolism of images, and by pursuing different reasons. However, they retain aspects of a similar dialectics, from the relationship the soul establishes with the inner light of the mind in its displacement by different levels of understanding. 

Based on Foucauldian ideas, the present studyaimed at analyzing the discursive games established on the encounter between health and Brazilian pedagogy from the 1920s – encounter which was featured by escolanovismo. Therefore, we analyzed, at first, some books from the Bibliotheca de Educação collection, carried out by key authors of the Movimento Escola Nova (New School Movement), in which emerges the primacy of that cognition would be subjected to pertinent procedures to brain physiology. In a second moment, we investigated academic papers in a set of contemporary educational journals dedicated to criticise hygienists, ideological or normative biases supposedly inherent to the New School, whose analyses have proved captive of a denunciatory approach to the relations of power-knowledge in force; these relations, according to the examined authors, generated unfailing pathologizing effects to school practices. As a conclusion, we suggested an analytical turning able to put into question approaches based on a priori notions, such as development, enlightenment and representation in favor of reflections focused on the uninterrupted game between subjective processes and veridiction policies that outline the current educational field. 

This paper assumes that development and demand for policies of continuing teacher education is founded on historical elements related to the context of the Brazilian development, which have been related to rules and international guidelines since the 1960s. This texts aimed at analyzing this relation, from the perspective of Dialectical and Historical Materialism, by considering the report of Conclusions and Recommendations from the Conference on Education and Economic and Social Development in Latin America, which took place in Santiago, Chile, in 1962, in which the themes education, intensification, teacher improvement are explained as human supports for education and as fundamental strategies to enhance the Brazilian economic development. As for the methodology, this study is a based on the literature review and documentary research and aims at contributing to the growth of debates and presentation of the needs for continuing teacher education policies and, as counterpoint, highlighting the movements of educators against hegemonic antagonistic to the linearity in the implementation of these guidelines. 

CLIL is an important approach in training future Primary School Teachers since bilingual programs developed at schools in Spain require not only professionals with proficientSecond Language (L2) levels, but also future teachers who are versed in the main methodological principles for CLIL. Firstly, this case study reviews the legislation for bilingual programs in Spain. Secondly, it describes teacher training through a CLIL course within the Faculty of Education at the University of Castilla-La Mancha, focussing on the methodology and evaluation procedures followed in the course. Thirdly, this paperrefersto the method performed to evaluate students’ perceptions ofthe CLIL training and assessment process. Finally, it shows the results from the study and some conclusionsrelated to the assessment and instruction process for the implementation of the CLIL approach in Primary School Teaching Undergraduate Programs. 

Referees for Volume 38, n. 3 of the Acta Scientiarium. Education, 2016 

In thisstudy, the authors criticizethe usual identification between pedagogical renewal and ICT. They argue that ICT, currently considered the epicenter of educational change, are not the focus of education. Theaim of this work was to contribute to the debate on the educational relevance of ICT in education, and the criticism that has distorted theory and practice of education in thisregard. The methodology is the critical essay, in which the authors reflect from a historical perspective on educational technological renovations focused on training. To support the reflection, there are two pioneer contributions of the twentieth century in educational technology renewal: the first by an educator, Freinet, and the second bya researcher, Casirer, selecting a representative work of each author. In addition, it is presented some pedagogical innovations from antiquity that aim both there source and education.

Acta Scientiarum Education, volume 38, n. 3, 2016