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Many authors view the Constitution of 1988 as the expression of a new participatory project, born with the renewal of collective action in the late 70’s. This article aims at analysing the way actors thought, defended or refuted participatory instruments during the Constituent Assembly, taking into account their rationality. Based on the study of the debates on political rights and health policies, it shows that it is necessary to nuance the thesis that the participative project reflects new actor’s mobilization. The constitutional recognition of participatory instruments is a compromise between opposite political projects. It results from a process during which the representatives of the military regime had a paradoxical paper.

2018

https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-864X.2018.2.28524

Boas, Marie-Hélène Sa Vilas

Interculturalism and multiculturalism inthe humanities: between politics and science

Este artigo aborda o conceito de interculturalidade nas humanidades enquanto movimento, comunicação e dinâmica, com o objetivo de discutir as suas consequências pragmáticas no mundo acadêmico e na sociedade. Pretendemos examinar algumas práticas e estratégias de interação cultural, no seu movimento perpétuo, numa indefinição tão perigosa quanto livre de fronteiras. Na diversidade cultural contemporânea, passado e presente, global e local, convergem na análise de conceitos e objetos estreitamente relacionados com as transformações políticas, econômicas, sociais e culturais em curso. A pesquisa científica também é uma área de interseções, de tradução cultural permanente, isto é, de reinterpretação, de reposicionamento de símbolos e sinais dentro das hierarquias existentes. Essa reflexão sobre a interculturalidade nas humanidades favorece interpretações contextualizadas que, na sua incerteza, produzem novas hipóteses, teorias e explicações.

2018

https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-864X.2018.2.28532

Sarmento, Clara

The political performance of elites in exile: Leonel Brizola in Uruguay and Portugal

Leonel Brizola, a prominent “trabalhista” politician, was part of the first generation of refugees exiled by the military dictatorship that took command of the country in 1964. Viewed as one of the most important enemies of the authoritarian regime, Brizola was forced to exile for 15 years. During this period, he lived in two countries: Uruguay between 1964 and 1978 and Portugal in 1978 and 1979. Unlike what is stipulated by the international legislation on asylum and refuge, and what the military expected, Brizola acted politically in these two countries. However, historical records of his political activity indicate relevant transformations in regards to repertoires of action after each one of his migrations. Hence, while there are historical sources of adherence to the armed strategies in Uruguay, Brizola committed himself to act politically through the traditional channels in Portugal to initiate the resurgence of the Brazilian Labor Party (PTB). Based on a historical process analysis, this article aims to understand the relation of these transformations to the metamorphosis of the structure of political opportunities imposed by exile. To do so, it analyzes a variety of documents – interviews with Brazilian exiles and Uruguayan politicians who welcomed Leonel Brizola in exile, periodicals, and diplomatic documentation open for research. Thus, we hope to present a contribution to the understanding of Brizola's trajectory and to = exile as a political space, as well as its specificities for members of political elites.

2018

https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-864X.2018.1.28661

Marques, Teresa Cristina Schneider

Constitution of 1988: the advancement of Fundamental Human Rights

Fundamental Human Rights are currently the core of the democratic constitutional legal systems and of the legal, political and social discourse used in domestic or international conflict resolutions. The human person is a value that must be protected by the domestic legal order of National States, but also a value that deserves special legal protection at the international level. Thus, the present work, through the dialectical-historical method, points out some advances in terms of fundamental human rights brought about by the Brazilian Constitutional Text of 1988 and it is fomented by this Text in a gradual process of transformation, to the point that it is possible today the construction of a dialogue between the internal protective instance (Constitution) and the external protection instance (International Human Rights Protective Systems).

2018

https://doi.org/10.15448/1980-864X.2018.2.28662

Pilla, Maria Cecilia Barreto Amorim Rossi, Amélia do Carmo Sampaio