Repositório RCAAP

O pargo, Lutjanus purpureus Poey, é uma espécie de grande importância comercial que vem sendo submetida a níveis muito elevados de esforço nas áreas de pesca do nordeste brasileiro {Ivo, 1976). Tal fato tem-se refletido no aumento gradual da participação de indivíduos jovens na captura, o que desde já torna necessário obter-se os subsídios para medidas de regulamentação a serem adotadas com urgência. O tamanho e idade mínimos de captura são parâmetros muito importantes para a administração da pesca de estoques comerciais, pois através da execução das medidas adequadas é possível manter a população com uma taxa de renovação equivalente àquela de produção máxima sustentável. No presente trabalho determinamos o tamanho e a idade mínimos de captura a partir dos quais o estoque deve começar a ser explorado, tendo em vista a obtenção e manutenção da captura anual máxima sustentável. Ao mesmo tempo, utilizando o valor relativo ao tamanho mínimo, determinamos a participação absoluta e relativa dos indivíduos com comprimentos acima e abaixo do mesmo, na produção total para a espécie.

MOTA, Maria Helena Gomes; VIEIRA, Gustavo Hitzschky Fernandes. Eletroforese de proteínas da hemolinfa das lagostas Panulirus argus (Latreille) e Panulirus lirus Laevicauda (Latreille), no Estado do Ceará. Arquivos de Ciências do Mar. Fortaleza, v. 17, n.1, p. 45-47, jun. 1977.

KLEIN, Vera Lucia Mota. Sobre a composição e abundância relativa do plâncton, na plataforma continental do Estado do Ceará. Arquivos de Ciências do Mar. Fortaleza, v. 17, n.1, p. 21-27, jun. 1977.

FONTELES FILHO, Antonio Adauto. Uso da equação exponencial para o cálculo do coeficiente de mortalidade total do pargo, Lutjanus purpureus Poey, ao largo do nordeste do Brasil. Arquivos de Ciências do Mar. Fortaleza, v.16, n.1, p.31-44, jun. 1976.

MENEZES, Mariana Ferreira de. Aspectos biológicos da serra, Scomberomorus maculatus (Mitchill), capturada por currais-de-pesca. Arquivos de Ciências do Mar. Fortaleza, v.16, n.1, p.45-48, jun 1976.

Presently, a cashew disease known as gummosis, caused by the fungus Lasiodiplodia theobromae, deserves special attention due to its infection to branches and trunks of woody plants imposing significantly reduction in nut yield. As the importance of disease increases, it becomes of fundamental importance the development of epidemiological studies to understand the ecological aspects involved on disease establishment and progress. This work aimed to study gummosis dynamics in time and space in three different clones of cashew. Patterns of dispersion in space and disease progress on time, as well as the components involved on these models such as disease progress curve, maximum disease intensity, area under the disease progress curve and the point of initial disease were studied analyzed in order to compare epidemics in the three clones with different disease reactions. The study was conducted in a commercial cashew farm in Pio IX district in Piaui state, Brazil. Gummosis incidence and severity data of collected from 2002 to 2007 were used for both time and space analyses for BRS 226, Embrapa 51 and Faga 11 clones. Disregarding differences in disease occurrence and severity among clones, a random pattern of dispersion was observed at the beginning of the epidemic followed by the development of new foci and expansion of original foci. Later, a clustered pattern was observed. Clones showed different fitness to epidemic models accordingly with their degree of susceptibility. Comparison of epidemics based on their components have shown significant differences among clones, providing evidence for the potential use of host resistance as a means of gummosis control.

PAIVA, Melquíades Pinto. Estudo sobre a pesca de lagostas no Ceará, durante o ano de 1975 . Arquivos de Ciências do Mar. Fortaleza, v. 6, n. 2, p. 147-165, dez. 1966.

GESTEIRA, Tereza Cristina Vasconcelos. Um caso de deformação na coluna vertebral do pargo, Lutjanus Purpureus POEY. Arquivos de Ciências do Mar. Fortaleza, v. 16, n.1, p. 59, jun. 1976.

This research was carried out in order to obtain basic data that can help them understand the physiological, biochemical and cytochemical responsible for the deterioration of aged seeds, reinvigoration of those primed and inhibition of germination and seedling establishment of sorghum under salt stress and study some of the mechanisms of adaptation to stress. The first chapter studies the effects of water stress (0, -0.2, -0.4 and -0.8 MPa) and saline (0, 75, 150 and 300 mM NaCl) on germination and seed vigor two genotypes of sorghum (CSF 18 and CSF 20). In the second and third chapter, to assess the quality of the seeds in the laboratory and the establishment of sorghum seedlings in the field, respectively, used a completely randomized design with four replications and a 2 x 2, consisting of four treatments: 1. aged seeds, 2. aging seeds 3. aged seeds and osmotically conditioned and 4. aging seeds and osmotically conditioned. In the fourth study we evaluated the water uptake, germination and early growth of seedlings derived from seeds aged, primed and under salt stress (0, 100, 200 or 300 mM NaCl). In the fifth chapter cytochemical tests were performed on seeds of sorghum subjected to the treatments described in the fourth chapter, but under a salinity of only 100 mM. The same treatments were used in the sixth chapter to evaluate the effect of these factors on seedling establishment, absorption of ions, organic solutes accumulation, lipid peroxidation and changes in enzymatic antioxidant system in seedlings grown in hydroponics in the presence or absence of NaCl. The sorghum genotypes show differential tolerance to osmotic stress caused by PEG-6000 and by NaCl, and the sensitivity to them varies depending on the stage of plant development. The artificial aging and salt stress promote adverse effects on germination, vigor and stand establishment of sorghum, which can be partly alleviated by the technique of priming seeds. Salt stress leads to significant reductions in the quality of the seeds and early growth of sorghum seedlings, causing some cytochemical changes in the seeds and various biochemical and physiological changes in seedlings under hydroponic cultivation.

OLIVEIRA, Aida Maria Eskinazi de. Composição e distribuição da ictiofauna, nas águs estuarinas do Rio Jaguaribe (Ceará-Brasil). Arquivos de Ciências do Mar. Fortaleza, v. 16, n.1, p. 9-18, jun. 1976.

ARTHAUD, Michel Henri; MORAIS, Jader Onofre de; FREIRE, George Satander Sá. Distribuição espacial de minerais pesados na plataforma continental do Estado do Maranhão. Arquivos de Ciências do Mar. Fortaleza, v.16, n.1, p.49-54, jun 1976.

The cashew tree (Anacardium occidentale L.) is a plant of great economic importance for the Brazilian Northeast Region due to the diversity of products generated for the fruit and peduncle and the amount of generated jobs. Despite this, there is no standardization in the cropping systems presently used, with negative consequences in the yield and quality of the raw material for consumption and for industry. The conversion of traditional orchards to the integrated-fruit-production system will contribute to minimize this scenery. The objective of this work was to compare the integrated fruit production (IFP) and the conventional cropping production (CP) systems in dwarf cashew orchards, as to nut yield and apple quality for fresh fruit market. The experiment was installed in a commercial orchard, located in Beberibe County, Ceará State, Brazil, at two isolated areas of approximately 0,5 hectare each, where the systems of IFP and CP had been developed. In the IFP system, cropping practices were applied according to the Legal Marks of Integrated Fruit Production in Brazil. In the CP system, cropping practices were applied accordingly with common used by local growers. Twelve plants were randomly selected in each area were used as experimental unit. For the yield analyses, the following variables characteristics had been analyzed: nut yield (kg/tree), nut number/tree and nut weight (g). For the apple analyses, production (kg/tree), number/plant and the average weight (g) were evaluated. For the qualitative characteristics, apple color, firmness, soluble solids (SS), titratable acidity (TA), vitamin C content and pH were evaluated. A completely randomized design, with two treatments and 12 replications, with one plant per plot, was used for evaluating yield characteristics. Similar design was used for quality characteristics, but only five replications with six apples per plot. Means were compared by test t (P≤0,05). Significant differences were observed for the variables cashew nut yield, number of commercial nuts and cashew nut total number. IFP mean were superior to the CP one. For the TA and vitamin C content variables, the IFP system was significantly superior to the CP ones. For the pH variable, a significant difference was observed between the averages of the systems, being the value gotten in the CP superior to the one of the IFP. The post-harvest quality of the cashew apples, the cashew nut production and cashew nut number had been influenced by the production systems.

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the influence of residual temporary cements on the microtensile bond strength of indirect composite resin build-ups employing two types of adhesive systems. Thirty non-carious human third molars were selected and the occlusal enamel was removed to produce flat dentin surfaces. The surfaces were coated with provisional restorations fixed with either eugenol-containing temporary cement (Temp Bond), or non-eugenol temporary cement (Freegenol). After one week, the provisional restorations and residual cement were removed with a dental probe and one specimen of each group was selected for evaluation by atomic force microscopy to investigate the presence of remnants of temporary cements. For the control groups, no provisional restorations were made. The dentin surfaces were cleaned with pumice and treated either with a total-etch (TE) adhesive system (Adper Single Bond 2) or with a self-etch (SE) adhesive system (Adper Prompt). Composite resin build-ups (Filtek Z250) were fixed to the bonded dentin surfaces using resin luting cement (RelyX ARC). The bonded specimens were then cross-sectioned producing sticks of 0.9 mm2 of adhesive area. Microtensile bond strength testing was perfomed in a universal test machine at a rate of 0.5 mm/min until fracture occurred. Optical microscopic images and scanning electron micrographs of fractured surfaces were obtained and recorded for fractographic analysis. Bond strength values were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA) and t-Student tests to detect significant differences between groups. The results showed a significant reduction on microtensile bond strength values when Temp Bond cement was employed in comparison with the control groups either for TE (p = 0.0331) or SE (p = 0.0267) adhesive systems. Total-etch groups showed significantly higher bond strength values than self-etch groups (p < 0.0001). Optical and scanning electron microscopic analysis revealed a majority of mixed fractures (67%). Adhesive failure at dentin-adhesive interface was significantly higher for SE groups than for TE groups (p = 0.0001). Atomic force microscopic images showed that residues of both temporary cements remained on dentin surfaces even after mechanical cleansing and treatment with acids. Bond strengths of total-etch and self-etch adhesive systems were significantly lowered only when eugenol-containing temporary cement was used prior to bonding and cementation procedures.

Picnodysostosis (PKND) is a skeletal displasia characterized by short stature, osteosclerosis, acrosteolisis, craniofacial deformities and bone fragility. Approximately 200 cases have been described among different ethnic groups, with an estimated incidence of 1.7: 1.000.000 live births. The use of saliva as a diagnostic tool has advanced exponentially within recent years. Unbalance in the amount and composition of saliva may generate oral diseases such as dental caries and periodontitis, and may also indicate important systemic alterations. This study has aimed to investigate the parameters of human whole saliva in patients with PKND. Our study sample consisted of 4 individuals with PKND (experimental group) and 4 healthy individuals without PKND (control group). Salivary flow rate, pH and protein profile were evaluated in this population. Non stimulated whole saliva was collected and centrifuged. The supernatant was separated and lyophilized and stored at -20°C for posterior total protein and bidimensional electroforetic analysis. Statistically significant differences were observed between groups (p<0,05) for the analyzed salivary parameters. When compared to the control group, individuals with PKND presented reduced salivary flow rate, lower pH values, reduced total protein concentration, and protein bands with differentiated expression. The results of this study suggest the existence of a differentiated pattern of salivary composition between groups.

The aim of this study was to evaluate, in vitro, the efficiency of the light-curing unit LED Elipar Freelight 2 (3M ESPE) on the light-curing composites resin Filtek® Z350, Z100® e Filtek® P60 (3M ESPE), using the halogen lamp (Ultralux – Dabi Atlante) as a control. The degree of conversion of the used resin was achieved through FT-Raman spectroscopy and through microhardness test Vickers. A cilidrical aluminum mold with diameter of 5mm and a depth of 10mm was used to build the samples, which were photoactivated only once for 40s (LH) and 20s (LED) and submitted to the scrap method, according to ISO 4049:2000. Three samples were built for each group (n=3). The samples were introduced to the epoxy resine and polished with a sequence of different grades of sandpaper to be able to the microhardness test Vickers. The test was done in 48 hours (imediate) and 6 days (mediate), after the photactivation the samples were kept in an ambient temperature and lack of light. Five indentations were made in the centre and the edge of the sample, from the top to the bottom loaded with 490,3mN for 15s. The direct analysis of the degree of conversion was done with a FT-Raman spectroscopy (Bruker, model RFS 100/S, pumped by a laser Nd:YAG in 1064nm) compared with relative intensities between C=C aromatic (1610cm-1) and C=C methacrylate (1640cm-1) on the surfaces of the top and bottom of the sample. The statistic analisys tests (ANOVA, Student-Newman-Keuls, t–Student and Bonferroni) was done to determinate the possible differences, considering the factors: resin, light source, evaluation moment and surface. Comparing the intragroup (LED x LH) of microhardness Vickers in 48h, only Group 2 (Z100) showed statistics difference with a higher ammount of hardness of the LH (85,51Kg/mm2 ). In the 6 days evaluation, all the groups showed statistics difference, comparing intragroup between two light sources, which the highest ammount of microhardness (94,39Kg/mm2) was from Group 2 (Z100) when LH was applied. There was not statistics differences of the ammount of microhardness of the surfaces on the top and on the bottom, in groups 2 (Z100) e 3 (P60) when LED was applied. The ammounts of the degree of conversion of the top surface were statistically different of the bottom surfaces. All of the studied groups, although, didn´t show statistics diference between the bottom surfaces. There was not statistics difference about the degree of conversion of the groups, between the two light sources. Although, Group I (Z350) showed the lower degree of conversion (53,30Kg/mm2) on the top surface, when LH was applied comparing to the Group II (Z100) e III (P60). Based on these results, it is concluded that the increments of the composite resin of until 2.4mm of thickness is ideal to obtain ammounts of suitable microhardness in all the composites resin analysed; and the LED Elipar Freelight 2 is an alternative light source wich substitutes the halogen lamp, able to produce suitable degree of conversion in different composites resin.

Photodynamic therapy is a concept of treatment, suggested by the literature as a potential therapy capable of inactivating microbial. Thus, this study assessed the efficacy of photodynamic therapy on injuries of dentine caries by a in situ design of single phase. During 14 days, 20 volunteers wore intra-oral palatal devices containing six human dental dentine slabs. The volunteers wore asked to drop a 40% sucrose solution onto the slabs ten times per day, in order to simulate a cariogenic challenge and to use fluoride dentifrice three times per day. At the end of the experimental period the slabs were randomly allocated into one of the following groups: without sensitizer and light (S-L-); with sensitizer and without light (S+L-); without sensitizer and irradiated with 47J/cm2 energy density (S-L+47); without sensitizer and irradiated with 94J/cm2 energy density (S-L+94); with sensitizer and irradiated with 47J/cm2 energy density (S+L+47); and with sensitizer and irradiated with 94J/cm2 energy density (S+L+94). The sensitizer of choice was the toluidine blue O at 100 g/mL concentration and radiation originated from a light-emitting diode (LED) with a 638,8 nm predominant wavelength. Before and after the treatments, dentine samples were collected and analyzed to figure out the total microorganisms, total streptococci, mutans streptococci and lactobacilli. The data of the counts were transformed into log10.The values of log reduction was achieved and the statistical differences identified by ANOVA One way and Tukey Kramer tests (p<0,05). In both analyses statistically significant difference between the microbial counts before and after treatment in groups (S-L+47), (S+L+94), (S+L+94) for all microorganisms tested are founded. It was concluded that PACT in the tested parameters was effective in promoting microbial death and that the exposure time of dentine to 10 minutes of light was also effective in microbial inactivation.

Diabetes is a significant risk factor for the occurrence of periodontal diseases. Studying the relationship of both diseases in different populations with heterogeneous characteristics are still necessary to better understand them. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the clinical periodontal parameters of type 2 diabetes patients with different levels of glycemic control. There were selected type 2 diabetics residing in the urban area of Sobral, Ceara. They must be non-smokers, aging 40 years or more and presenting at least and 6 teeth in their mouth. All had to be using any medication to control the glycemic level. Subjects were assigned to three groups based on their respective glycated hemoglobin levels - Hb1Ac (Control - C: Hb1Ac ≤ 7%, n=103; Moderate control - M: 7,1% ≤ Hb1Ac ≤ 9%, n= 60; Poor control = P: Hb1Ac ≥ 9,1%, n=22). The following clinical data were obtained from all patients: Plaque Index (PI), Gingival Index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD) and gingival recession (GR). The mean age, number of teeth, PI, GI and BOP did not show any significance between groups. But this was observed for Hb1Ac mean levels and time of diabetes diagnosis. The presence of at least one periodontal site with PD ≥ 6 mm was considered for the diagnosis of periodontitis. There was no association between the increase of the glycemic level and the presence of periodontitis. However, data from patients presenting at least 20 teeth showed a significant association between periodontal diseases and higher glycemic levels. It can be concluded that the poor glycemic control was associated to the presence of periodontitis only in subjects with high number of teeth.

Porphyromonas gingivalis is a pathogen strongly associated with the etiology of chronic and aggressive periodontitis. The purpose of this study was to evaluate by Real-Time polymerase chain reaction (Real Time-PCR) the presence of Porphyromonas gingivalis (Pg) and fimA genotypes type II and type IV in patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis (GAgP). Forty individuals with aggressive periodontitis (AgP) (29.7 ± 8.1 years) were clinical analyzed through plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), probing depth (PD), clinical attachment level (CAL) and microbiologically, by Real Time-PCR for the presence of Pg and fimA genotypes type II and type IV. Subgingival biofilm samples were collected from the interproximal periodontal sites (> PD and > CAL). The PD and CAL average of this sites were respectively: 9,5 ± 2,2 mm e 10,2 ± 2,8 mm. P. gingivalis was observed in 26 (65%) of individuals. FimA genotypes type II was detected in 16 (61,53%) while fimA genotypes type IV in 7 (26,92%) of those with P. gingivalis. However, no differences were observed between the clinical parameters of patients who presented or not the organism or its genotypes. There was also no association between the presence of genotypes and age or gender of patients. The data suggest an association between P. gingivalis fimA genotypes upon the occurrence of this microorganism in patients with generalized aggressive periodontitis.

Increasing levels of dental fluorosis are a major concern to public health authorities. The ability to discriminate fluorosis from other enamel modifications is an important factor to support decision makers in epidemiology and oral health. The main objective of this research is to investigate the ability of the odontologists working for the public health services in Fortaleza, to discriminate fluorosis from other enamel alterations, the severity of the disease and the correct clinical approach. Two hundred dentists out of 527 professionals of the public health services answered a semi-structured survey, based on the evaluation of 20 digitalized pictures showing enamel modifications. The presence or absence of fluorosis, as well as the severity of the disease were determined according to the Dean’s index. We were unable to detect an effect of the school of graduation (p>0.05) on the ability to diagnose fluorosis. However, the youngest, less experienced dentists performed better (p<0.05) for both fluorosis diagnosis and to determine to adequate clinical approach for each case. Also, odontologists working in the city health services were more likely to get higher scores compared to the ones working for the state services, with an average of correct answers for differential diagnosis of 7.70 ± 0.15. Although a few subjects achieved less than 30% of correct answers, pictures displaying more severe cases of fluorosis were more likely to result in correctly answered questions. The vast majority (90%) of the subjects reported to have a poor ability do diagnose fluorosis, although 75% had received information about that disease during undergraduation. The odontologists also displayed a very poor performance (2,71 ± 0,76) in defining the best clinical approach, and about 70% of them asked for specific training for correctly diagnose dental fluorosis. Based on the above results, we conclude that most dental surgeons working for the public health services in Fortaleza displayed a poor knowledge about dental fluorosis and lack an adequate training to diagnose and treat that disease. Similar researchs in other regions of Ceara should be performed in order to better identify the deficiencies of the public health services, at different levels.

The beneficial of resin modified glass ionomer cement (RMGIC) restorations in caries inhibition may be questioned due to F-dentifrice use and ageing of the restorations. Objective: To evaluate the effect of an ageing process on caries around cemento-enamel junction restorations in the presence of fluoride from RMGIC or dentifrice. Methods: A randomized double-blind crossover in situ study was performed in 2 phases of 14 days. Sixteen volunteers wore palatal devices containing dental slabs restored with composite resin (CR) or RMGIC, either aged or unaged. The slabs were exposed to a 20% sucrose solution, 10x/day and the volunteers used a non-F or an F-dentifrice 3x/day. The biofilm formed over the slabs was analyzed to determine the counts of total streptococci, mutans streptococci and lactobacilli as well as F-concentration. Results: Enamel demineralisation was determined by cross-sectional microhardness (CSMH) at the margin of the restoration. Kruskal–Wallis and factorial ANOVA, followed by Tukey test, were used to data evaluation (p<0.05). No statistically significant differences were found in the cariogenic microbiota. F-concentration in biofilm was higher for RMGIC restorations. For enamel, higher demineralization around CR restorations was observed regardless dentifrice or ageing process. For dentine, higher demineralization was observed around aged RC restorations without F-dentrifice use. Conclusions: These results suggest that RMGIC restorations provided protection against secondary caries either for enamel and dentine, while ageing process affects caries development in dentine, increasing caries progression.