Repositório RCAAP

Eggs, fifth instar larvae and pupae of A. dubia (Boheman, 1854), A. fuscata (Klug, 1829), A. languida (Boheman, 1854), A. phaeopoda Buzzi, 1976 and A. punctulata (Klug, 1829) are described. Imatures stages were reared in a stove Biometron under temperature of 25±2ºC, photophase of 12 hours and relative humidity of 80±5%. The larvae of A. dubia and A. languida were fed with leaves of Baccharis relusa DC; A. fuscata with leaves of Baccharidastrum argutum (Less) Cabrera; A. phaeopoda with leaves of Baccharis gaudichaudiana DC. and larvae of A. punctulata with leaves of Baccharis trimera (Less) A. DC.. All plants belonging to the Asteraceae. Two forms of A. fuscata were studied: A. fuscata (Klug, 1829) and A. fuscata form=unicolor (Burmeister, 1870) n.syn. and no significant differences were found.

New taxa described: Cerambycinae, Achrysonini-Ectenessa andrei, sp.n. (Brazil: Rio Grande do Sul); Lamiinae, Lamiini - Neoptychodes cosmeticus, sp.n. (Equador); Onciderini - Charoides pepoata, sp.n. (Bolívia); Venustus analogus, sp.n. (Colombia); Oncideres mirim, sp.n. (Brazil: Pará); Compsosomatini - Compsosoma monnei, sp.n. (Bolivia); Desmiphorini - Desmiphora auatinga, sp.n. (Ecuador); Iurubanga, gen.n., I. arixi, sp.n. (Brazil: Paraná, Santa Catarina); Acanthoderini -Acakyra, gen.n., A. iaguara, sp.n. (Colombia); Anisocerini - Phacellocera susua, sp.n. (Equador); Falsamblesthiini - Camixaima, gen.n., C. beraba, sp.n. (Equador); Calliini - Callisema iucaua, sp.n. (Peru); Lustrocomus, gen.n., L. paraensis, sp.n. (Brazil: Pará). Fredlanella, nom.n. is given to Taperinha Lane. 1964 non Linnavuori, 1959 (Homoptera). Neomoema, nom. n. is proposed for Moema Martins & Galileo, 1992 non Costa, 1989 (Pisces). Anisocerus palliatus White, 1855 is transterred to the genus Phacellocera Laporte, 1840. Notes are presented on Calocomus kreuchelyi Buquet, 1840 (Prioninae, Calocomini) and Venustus zeteki Dillon & Dillon, 1945 (Lamiinae. Onciderini). A key to the species of Callisema Martins & Galileo, 1990 (Lamiinae, Calliini) is added.

The feeding ecology and the sazonal variation in capture frequencies of anurans in two localities of Central Brazil was studied. The anuran capture frequencies were analysed counting specimen numbers collected in pitfall traps during the dry and rainy seasons. Anurans were caught more frequently during the rainy season. The diet of adults Proceratophrys sp., Eleutherodactylus sp., Bufo paracnemis Lutz, 1925, and Physalaemus cuvieri Fitzinger, 1826 were studied through the analysis of individual stomach contents. Results showed that the type of diet varied among the species studied.

Heads of soldier termites belonging to the species Embiratermes festivellus (Silvestri, 1901) (Termitidae, Nasutitermitinae) and Spinitermes brevicornutus (Desneux, 1904) (Termitidae, Termitinae) were examined using scanning electron microscopy. Individual glandular openings are present in the upper part of E. festivellus head and correspond to class 3 glandular cells. Campaniform sensillae occur in both termite heads, but this sensorial structure was not observed in the nasus extremity of E. festivellus soldier.

Acampsis brasiliensis, sp.n. is described from Brazil. This is the first report of this genus to New World.

Fannia parafemoralis, sp.n. and F. paraisensis, sp.n. from Rio de Janeiro, are described. Both species belong to the cannicularis group.

Twenty three species of Thelaziinae Skrjabin, 1915 were referred in Brazil. Hempelia hempeli Vaz, 1936, Thelazia anolabiata (Molin, 1860), T. aquilina Baylis, 1934, T. campanulata (Molin, 1858), T. iheringi Travassos, 1918 and T. travassosfreitasi Cristofaro & Rodrigues, 1979. That included in the Oswaldo Cruz Helminthological Collection were reviewed. Dryocopus lineatus lineatus (Linnaeus), Pipile cumanensis nattereri Reich and Ramphastus dicolorus Linnaeus are new host records for Thelazia anolabiata (Molin, 1860) and Rostrhamus sociabilis (Vieill.) is a new host record for Thelazia campanulata (Molin, 1858).

Caterpillars of Siderone marthesia nemesis (Illiger, 1802) (Nymphalidae, Charaxinae) have been found on Casearia sylvestris Sw. (Flacourtiaceae), during the second half of the rainy season in an area of cerrado near Brasília, Distrito Federal, Brazil. They occurred at very low density and are cryptic at all instars. The pupal stage does not occur on the host plant. Average duration of the pupa under laboratory conditions is 14.4 days.

This paper includes a revision of the species considered up to now in the genus Lasiodera Gray, 1832 with a detailed study of external morphology as well as males external genitalia which made to propose the separation into two genera, Lasiodera Gray, 1832 and Philyra Laporte, 1836, beeing the second one revalidated, which is now constituted by the following species: Philyra basalis (Racca Filho & Santos, 1988) comb.n., P. helopioides Laporte, 1836 comb.n., P. jucunda (Schenkling, 1900) comb.n., P. quadrivittata (Peracchi, 1960) comb.n., P. stenochioides (Chevrolat, 1874) comb.n. and P. viridis (Pic, 1936) comb.n.. The male genital structures, showing specific differences, are illustrated and discussed. Lasiodera malleri (Pic, 1933) is considered a synonym of L. ruficollis (Gorham, 1877). Lasiodera ornata (Klug, 1842) and L. voluptuosa (Thomson, 1860) had not their external genitalia examinated because they are not represented in the collections studied. To identify the species of the genera, systematic keys are also presented.

A different approach was used for the key-factor method in a population study of the tropical butterfly Fountainea ryphea (Cramer, [1776]) (Lepidoptera, Nymphalidae), marking 20 artificial cohorts to identify the mortality levels and associated instars responsible for the variation in numbers within the season of occurrence, when generations overlap broadly. Highest mortality was detected during first instar in 13 cohorts; during second instar in three cohorts; third and fourth instars suffered highest mortality twice. Results showed that first instar mortality due to rainfall and predation, and parasitism on fourth instar could be the main factors promoting differences in number between cohorts throughout the season, although no density-dependent processes could be identified.

This work describes some interactions between lepidopteran larvae and braconid parasitoids on a group of plants at two sites. There was no significant difference in parasitoid diversity between the sites (Shannon index, p<0.05), and similarity was 62.5%, estimated through Sorensen's index. The diversity of hosts was also not different (p<0.05), but the similarity of host diversity was only 28.5%. This suggests that the parasitoids have strategies for maintaining similar reproduction rates, population densities and communities in areas with different potential hosts.

The influence of the parasitism by the digenetic trematode Eurytrema coelomaticum (Giard &amp; Billet, 1892) over the calcium mobilization and the reproductive function of its first intermediate host, the snail Bradybaena similaris (Férussac, 1821) was experimentally studied in infected and uninfected snails maintained in laboratory under controlled conditions of nutrition, humidity and temperature. The calcium of the shells of infected and uninfected snails was quantified by using a technique of volumetric complexation. The amount of calcium present in the tissue was evaluated by using the histochemistry techniques of Dahl and von Kossa. The alteration in the reproductive function was evaluated through the egg production, and by histological follow up of the snails gametogenesis, in the infected and uninfected snails. The Student's test "t" showed that there was no significant difference in relation to size, weight and calcium concentration in the shells of infected and uninfected snails. The analysis of nonlinear regression, polynomial of 4th order, showed an highly positive relation to weight and size of shell to infected and uninfected snails, and an weakly significant relation to calcium concentration in the shells and shells size of infected snails. The histochemistry techniques demonstrated a large calcium deposition in the cells of the digestive glands of the infected snails when compared to the uninfected ones. The histological study of the ovotestis of the infected snails demonstrated that the gametogenesis of these snails was abnormal. The ovulogenesis was the most alterated and at 45 days post-infection the histological sections showed no ovocytes present in the ovotestis.

Pseudonannolene tocaiensis, sp.n. is described from Brazil, São Paulo, Itirapina. The karyotypes of P. tocaiensis, sp.n. and P. strinatti Mauriès, 1974 are also presented, both species are found in cave environments. P. tocaiensis has 2n=20, XY and P. strinatti, 2n=16; it was not possible to observe the sex determination mechanism in the latter.

Three new species of Pseudonannolene Silvestri, 1895 diplopods are described: P. anapophysis (type locality, "Caverna Lapão", Bahia), P. imbirensis (type locality, "Caverna São Mateus", Imbira III, Goiás), and P. chaimowiczi (Minas Gerais, Bahia)

In addition to the Survey of the Entomological Fauna in Paraná State, the Ctenuchidae were studied in its ecological and faunistic aspects. The material was collected using one light trap installed in eight different sites of the State: Antonina, São José dos Pinhais, Colombo, Ponta Grossa, Telêmaco Borba, Jundiaí do Sul, Guarapuava and Fênix, from October 1986 to September 1987. The total number of specimens and means values of capture were analyzed. Indices of diversity and evenness were used to discuss richness and dominance of species in each locality. Besides using ecological indices, the data were also compared by Clustering Analysis, Principal Coordinate Analysis and Linear Correlation Coefficient. The results were compared with meteorological and floristic conditions in the eight localities. Faunistic data gathered in these sites were compared.

Taxonomic notes on some Polyglyptini; descriptions of new genus and new species (Homoptera, Membracidae, Smiliinae). The genera Hemiptycha Germar, Metheisa Fowler, Maturnaria Metcalf, Aphetea Fowler, Dioclophara Kirkaldy, and Phormophora Stål, are redescribed; Creonus, gen.n. (type species: Maturna lloydi Funkhouser, 1914), and Aphetea robustula, sp.n. (from Bolivia), are described. Some nomenclatural changes are introduced, as follow: - Hemiptycha Germar, 1833 = Polyrhyssa Stål, 1869, syn.n.: - Hemiptycha cultrata (Coquebert, 1801), comb.n., = Polyglyptodes flavocostatus Haviland, 1925, syn.n., = Polyrhyssa cultrata maculata Fonseca, 1942, syn.n. - Hemiptycha obtecta (Fabricius, 1803) = Hille herbicola Haviland, 1925, syn.n. - Maturnaria ephippigera (Fairmaire, 1846) = Publilia tumulata Buckton, 1903, syn.n., = Metheisa fowleri Funkhouser, 1927, syn.n. - Creonus lloydi (Funkhouser, 1914), comb.n. - Aphetea parvula (Fabricius, 1803), comb.n., = Aphetea affinis Haviland, 1925, syn.n. - Dioclophara Kirkaldy, 1904 = lncolea Goding, 1926, syn.n. - Dioclophara viridula (Fairmaire, 1846) = Maturna multilineata Fonseca, 1942, syn.n. - Dioclophara variegata (Goding, 1926), comb.n. = lncolea viridis Goding, 1926, syn.n. - Phormophora maura (Fabricius, 1803) = Darnis dorsata Fabricius, 1803, syn.n.

This paper reports feeding habitats, most commom test constitution, and growing curvature obtained under cultivation conditions, and the knowing distribution and most commom Difflugia lobostoma.

One hundred four out of 225 diagnosticated cases were myxosporidian, monogenean, Ichthyophthirius multifiliis Fouquet, 1876 and bacterial diseases in Piaractus mesopotamicus Holmberg, 1887 (pacu), Colossoma macropomum Cuvier, 1818 (tambaqui) and tambacu, at Aquaculture Center, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Jaboticabal, São Paulo, Brazil, between 1992 and 1995. The gills were fixed in 10% buffered formalin solution to posterior histologic routine. It was observed Henneguya sp. cysts into the capillaries of the secondary lamellae, encapsulated by the respiratory epithelium cells. It provoked adherence of the adjacent lamellae, hyperplasia, congestion, oedema and epithelium displacement. Monogeneans infestations by Anacanthorus penilabiatus Boeger, Husak &amp; Martins, 1995 and Ancyrocephalinae sub-family caused light inflammatory reaction and hyperplasia. In severe infestations was observed hyperplasia of primary lamellae, necrosis, oedema, respiratory epithelium displacement, ruptured pillar cells and telangiectasis. Response to I. multifiliis was limited to surrounding epithelial cells in young fishes and hyperplasia, necrosis, inflammatory infiltrate and oedema in old fishes. Such lesions iniciate hyperplasic and oedematous process that with inflammation of the parasitic sites, provoked alterations over gases and ions interchange surface and consequently fish metabolism.

The fish assemblage in a stretch of Tibagi river was studied during the period of one year, throught monthly sampling. It was observed that four fish species (Schizodon intermedius Garavello &amp; Britski, 1990, Acestrorhynchus lacustris Reinhardt, 1874, Pimelodus maculatus Lacépède, 1803 and Steindachnerina insculpta Fernandez-Yepez, 1948) were very frequent and they represent all the main trophic groups. In order to characterize feeding activity, fat storage and reproduction the means degree of repletion, fat and maturation, obtained for each species in each month were compared among the four fish species. Steindachnerina insculpta, a detritivovous species was the one with the highest feeding activity while A. lacustris, a piscivorous fish, showed the lowest feeding activity. For these two species it was clearly observed a sequence of events: higher feeding activity followed by higher fat storage followed by reproduction, that was not observed for P. maculatus and S. intermedius. The variations in feeding activity and fat storage showed by P. maculatus and S. intermedius might be related to their diets.

The family Caecidae deserved special attention, among mollusks, because they occurred in more than 50% of studied stations in Oceanographic Operation Geomar XII, which was carried out in northern and southern coasts of Rio de Janeiro and Espírito Santo States (Brazil), respectively. At the time, Caecum brasilicum Folin, 1874, C. aff condylum Moore, 1969, C. circumvolutum Folin, 1867, C. johnsoni Winkley, 1908, C. someri Folin, 1867, C. striatum Folin, 1868, C. venosum Folin, 1867, C. floridanum Stimpson, 1851, C. massambabensis Absalão, 1994, C. butoti Jong &amp; Coomans, 1989, C. ryssotitum Folin, 1867, C. nitidum (Stimpson., 1851) e C. cubitatum (Folin, 1868) were identitíed. C. venosum is reported, for the first time, since its original description, enlarging its occurrence area from Pernambuco to Rio de Janeiro; C. buloti as well, primarily restricted to Dutch Antilles, begins to make part of the Brazilian malacofauna. C. someri and C. butoti were pointed out for being largely non-sintopic with other congeneric species, suggesting that subtile differences in sediment can be responsable for this segregation.