Repositório RCAAP

No Brasil dos anos noventa, não é raro encontrar uma aparente aproximação de pontos de vista de membros de partidos de esquerda, por um lado, e chefes militares por outro, quando se trata da necessidade de fortalecer a soberania nacional e de defender a Amazônia. Com efeito, é às vezes difícil distinguir o discurso da esquerda do discurso militar sobre a defesa nacional. Repetidas vezes a esquerda brasileira tem saído em apoio das reivindicações militares e, por sua vez, os militares reconhecem o apoio dos parlamentares de esquerda, conferem-lhes condecorações militares e até mesmo defendem, como vimos recentemente, o nome de um desses parlamentares para o Ministério da Defesa, como foi o caso do deputado federal pelo PC do B SP, Aldo Rebelo, afinal escolhido para líder do Governo Lula na Câmara dos Deputados. Tal aproximação, só parece possível no quadro das transformações ocorridas a partir do final dos anos oitenta: o avanço da globalização, o colapso do socialismo, o fim da União Soviética e da ameaça comunista e o surgimento dos Estados Unidos como única superpotência. No entanto, essa possível convergência entre esquerda e Forças Armadas, mesmo que nas questões de defesa nacional e preservação da soberania, é tema bastante polêmico, por se tratar de dois atores que, no passado recente, chegaram ao confronto armado. Isto fica claro especificamente no episódio da Guerrilha do Araguaia (1972 1975). Contudo, na atualidade é interessante destacar a preocupação de ambos esses atores com o papel que os Estados Unidos estariam tentando impor às Forças Armadas, de países como o Brasil, procurando transformá-las em Guardas Nacionais ou em simples milícias. Dessa forma, é na oposição aos Estados Unidos como única potência mundial e na defesa da soberania nacional que se dá a aproximação entre esquerda e Forças Armadas nos ...

This study it approached cases of conflicts characterized for physical, moral, economic and racial the violence, for work questions, that involve deriving Italian immigrants of diverse regions of Italy and other ethnic groups on coffee plantations of the judicial district of Araraquara in the period of 1890-1914, using as source criminal records. The present work searched to understand the values that guided a violent behavior in the daily conflicts, investigating the solidarity possibilities between the ethnic groups in the individual actions, mainly between the Italians. In this perspective, the work evidenced that the regional differences between the Italians limited the solidarity of the group, over all of the northern ones and of central Italy in relation to the meridionals. The analysis of the criminal records also evidenced that the main values that guided a violent behavior in the daily conflicts were to receive a wage just and to have movement freedom. These values had been verified for all the ethnic groups in question.

The main objective of this research is to present and analyse the debates which happen in the Tribunal Superior do Trabalho TST (High Labour Court), superior organ of the Brazilian Labour Justice from 1979 to 1988, i. e., from the period of political opening to the National Constituent Assembly. This study tried to draw the issues that gained notoriety in the Labour Justice at the moment of the democracy consolidation which culminated with the approval of the New Federal Constitution and which is its correlation with the debates of the Political Science of the time. Thus, our aim is to establish the relationship between the fields of Law and Politics.

The racial question acquired centrality in the Brazilian context lately, due to mobilization arond the offer about especific public politics towards to black people, or affirmative action . This theme is fundamental because propose one reorientation in the sense of the socials relations with basis the race and colour. In this context, the press mass media has been one important sphere of boarding about the topic of the affirmative action. The captivation of the perceptions and representations furnished by national writting printing press constitute fountain of investigation of this search. The techniques of the content analysis and framing analysis has been used to capture the types of orientation that structure the news. The theme is bras in the mass media and this space of discussion supply one ample possibility of negotiation and political and social legitimacy of the interests of black people in Brazil.

Given that the extinction of biodiversity, and considerable environmental and social degradation, is intrinsically linked to the conventional mode of production and consumption patterns, it becomes possible to identify that the challenge we face is not simply a matter of achieving the global demand for food since, quantitatively, this objective has been reached. Science is then faced with a paradigm. It is crucial that scientists involved in the search for environmentally friendly and sustainable agricultural technologies worry about who actually will be benefited from them. It is also necessary to identify what is produced, how it is produced and for whom it is produced. Accordingly, agroecological production systems shows to be responsible for the recovery of soil fertility, promotion of food sovereignty and social inclusion of individuals affected by it. In the same way, permaculture design proposes the systemic thought and conception of ecological principles so the planning, the management and the improvement of the efforts made by individuals and communities may lead to a viable future. These two approaches provide technical and practical subsidies for sustainable use of natural resources and should be included in actions of technical assistance and rural extension (ATER acronym in portuguese). The purpose of this work was to systematize the experiences of an action research in critical ATER, which resulted in the training of agroecology and permaculture students from UFSCar and producers of the settlement Araras 4, located in the municipality of Araras, São Paulo, Brazil. Based on the results, we can conclude that the teaching of agroecology and permaculture, practical experience and educational spaces can assist in teaching and learning, and provides products and models to be followed by producers.

Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais

Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos

This work has for objective analyze the speech therapy under the approach of the Sociology of the Professions, private field of the Sociology of the Knowledge. The choice relapsed about that profession that is going to accompany the specificity of the journey of a female occupation, to the long one of the time. That is going to articulate questions concerning the world of the work in his field named profession, with the dimension of kind, for understand as those two aspects marks do of the speech therapy. In that analysis, we flow as are prosecuted the relations between the professionals besides the power that some professions exercise about other and the impact of the composition of kind about those characteristics, since the profession is constituted in its big majority by women. To research prioritizes the oral history and based itself mainly in 18 interviews with statements of speech therapists that his professional paths related us providing us the analysis of as the trial of professionalization of the speech therapy is marked by the articulation between kind and profession.

During the last quarter of the nineteenth century, Brazilian psychiatry has based its speeches on sexuality. It became the main element in the classification/institution of deviant identities after 1870, in the period of the Empire decline. The appearance of the so called new ideas and the anti-slavery measures created fears of the black population understood as a social danger that lead to a new way of comprehension of Brazilian society and its deviant identities. These theories about social deviance have used sexuality as one of the strategies that made possible the critique of the old imperial order and the consolidation of the bourgeois one as well. The objective was to avoid social change keeping social inequalities and hierarchies from the past.

The ideological constructions established through the analysis of the intellectual attitude in politically decisive years for the racial issues in Brazil, and the legal-political constructions that, in this research, were based on the decisions formed in legislation, decrees, and protocols that take care of racial issues between 1995 and 2002 (referring to Fernando Henrique Cardoso s two warrants) relate the relationship between the Brazilian State and the Social Black Stroke. The topics of this negotiation in this research contemplate the main changes in the characteristics of new social strokes and in a new way of administrating the Brazilian State, in a managerial character, that allows the development and limits of this relationship to be established.

Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos

This research is an ethnographic study of Folia de Reis , (a kind of catholic party of kings and merry-makers) that analyzes more than their rituals and practices, but also embraces the social spaces that comprise it. This work describes and interprets the religious factions of the party celebrating the Saint s kings, as essential elements that together configure a new dynamic of rhythm, musicality, and feelings that pass from the daily life of the folioes (merry-makers) to the party itself, and from the party into their lives. The city of Romaria is the major reference and departure point of the study because it is exactly the place from where many other parties were inspired and organized by other nearby towns. Romaria is also a place that receives very diverse and interesting types of people, who come to participate of the parties that occur here throughout the year, such as Cavalhadas, congadas, folia de reis, and so on. The bureaucratic organizations that institutionalize the party and their relationship with the community and with the church hierarchy are other aspects that are related to Romaria s position as the central and most important catholic city within all of the Triangulo Mineiro region. The last subject of this study is the dialog between the figures of the cultural intermediate such as journalists, researchers, musicians, and artists that in general make this religious party the starting point to approaching and understanding the popular culture. This research will underline the musicians acting and criticizes the maniqueist sight of authentic culture, mass culture, erudite culture, and popular culture. Together, the action of cultural intermediates and the ethnographic study of Folia de reis provides a conceptual and theoretic reflection that questions how Anthropology, as a form of knowledge, is building a new methodology that allows us to understand the practices and subjectivities without fixing them in a hyperpolitical signification, while, on the other hand, maintaining a critical viewpoint. Only in this manner is possible to perceive life in the plastic flowers that adorn the guitars and the arcs as the passing territory between the sacred and the mundane, and as the constitutive part of the party that makes the party merry, and makes the merry-makers kings without royalty.

This dissertation presents a panorama of the graffiti s universe in São Paulo, analyzing the sociability between these street writers, know as grafiteiros , such as between these and other agents that are, some way, connected to the graffiti s webs. From de transgression in the streets, realized by the same way that the pixadores do, ways are throwing up, bringing professional perspectives, the entrance in art galleries and in the publicitary world, partners with public power and the graffiti s recognizing such a part of the contemporary urban imaginary. From historic elements, life s trajectories, the different techniques and styles, tensions and negotiations, this ethnography presents the graffiti s dynamics interacting through their webs, with spaces and the metropolis dinamism.

Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos

Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos

Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos

Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais

Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos

Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos

(Sem resumo)