Repositório RCAAP

Salminus brasiliensis is a migratory fish which is distributed in all parts of the rio de la Plata Basin. The Dourado is called the king of the river . It´s one of the most sought after fish by amateur and/or professional fishermen. However, in some regions it is considered to be a vulnerable species. Recent reports have shown the existence of some populations of migratory fish that are genetically structured in the same basin. Considering that the evaluation of variability and genetic structure in natural populations is of great importance for conservation of this species, this study has the objective of examining this question in the populations of S. brasilienses in the region of the Pantanal in Mato Grosso by verifying the existence or not of the genetic structure by means of markers of mitochondrial DNA. Later a phylogeographic approach was carried out to investigate the aspect of genetic evolution of this group of fish, its distribution in all the basin and its relation with the history of the formation of the basins- the relation between the Pantanal, the Parana and Uruguay Rivers Basins. The results shown high genetic diversity and absence of genetic structure, suggesting gene flow between populations of north and south of the Pantanal, probably facilitated by the migratory ability of the species and by the structural characteristics of the region. The presence of shared rare haplotypes evidences this pattern even though exclusive variants occur in each river studied. In relation to the phylogeographic aspects of the group in the limits of the basin of the Rio de la Plata, an old historical contact was verified between the sub-basin of the Parana and Upper Paraguay Rivers, probably occurring at the moment of the formation of the Pantanal. However, analyses has disclosed a current genetic distance between the populations of Dourado in these two areas. Genetic structure was only observed in the Parana River Basin. The Uruguay River Basin and the Pantanal demonstrate genetic similarity. However, it is important to continue evaluation and monitoring of genetic diversity of the natural populations of Dourado to confirm if with other molecular markers if the same pattern will occur as the on in the Pantanal and in the other regions that have been analyzed.

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In this study we address the relationships and interactions in riverine communities, from the long-term observation of the riverine of the middle Cuiabá River in their quotidian and anchored for a closer look and a more detailed accompaniment in Bonsucesso, community located in the Várzea Grande city, State of Mato Grosso. This study had two objectives: The first one was to learn the ways of handling, the practical uses of ecosystem services, the living place, and biodiversity representations, to know the riverine communities, the relationships they establish with the ecosystem services, the perception and the knowledge that they build on the area where they develop their experiences. The research was qualitative, and during the fieldwork we contacted riverines, hearing their stories of life, to pursue the path of representations in the world and of the world of these social actors. We, also, could diagnose the current situation of riverine landscape of the Cuiabá River in its middle course. The second objective was to develop environmental education activities to mediate the approach of pedagogical practices and the experienced practices. Thus, we mediate the dialogue between structured and local knowledges, empowering teachers and community members in thematic workshops for dealing with the environmental problems perceived. We recorded the riverines perceptions of Cuiabá River, and their associated ecosystems, through reports of their experiences and observation in the living environment. We identified the principal sites of interaction with the ecosystem services, and the categories of biodiversity uses. We described procedures for obtaining production services and transformation processes in cultural services, mediated by traditional knowledge. The prospects for sustainability of the people on the riverbank are centered on the traditional knowledge, which are cultural services built over time from experience with the river and land, and biodiversity and social relations established on daily basis along the river. The riverine communities require many ecosystem services, and survived because they have developed cultural techniques for the maintenance of these services. In conclusion, keeping the communities along the river, assuring them the continuity of their practices, is a way to conserve ecosystem services.

At the actual moment on What ecology supportable concerned to the diferent ecossistems depend on the balance between the environment and the development, this research has as a goal to realize the characterization, analyse and elaborate an ecological-economic zoning conceptual proposition to the Frederico Westphalen municipality, state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, adapting to a feasible methodology: a methodology founded on the use of the Geography Information Systems GIS, to elaborate a georeferenced digital data base which allow to understand the structure and the functioning of the natural systems, on purpose of a management supported on the natural borough resources. The borough environment characterization and zoning which present, nearby 262 km2 and 26.759 inhabitants were developed based on topography maps DSG and digital satellite images. The results embody to elaborate maps that refer to the structural landscape elements and to some environmental impact risks, while to the definition and analyse of handled zones proposed the thematic digital maps were overlap using the Analysis of Crossed Impact based on presupposed existence of interrelation of future events and the Intuitive Logic Analyse. This procedure permits to divide the borough area in five zones that present the degree of distinguished environmental fragility. The zones are: the greater environmental frail relative zone ZMAF; average environmental frail relative zone ZMEF; the greater environmental stability relative one ZMAE; urban zone ZMRB and urban expansion zone ZEUR. ZMAF and ZMEF zones take the greatest part of the borough 45,l8% and 36,25% respectively. Based on the problems, potentialities and limitations analyse, it was possible spatialyse the evolution of the environmental degradation process concerned with the use of the natural resources coming from the main economic activities and, based on this analyse, identifying the economic tendency of the region by the economic production of the conflicts using the life population conditions, directioning to a desire way. The methodology used allowed to fix up guidelines into two degrees: one of them is the general covering to all the zones that embody the borough (general guidelines) and, another directed to each managed zone proposed (specific guidelines). Both the general guidelines as the specific ones were elaborated based on criterions and principles established on the diagnosis of the current situation and has as a goal to the natural characteristics of each area while the potentialities are priority.

This study was conducted in the middle portion of the Teles Pires river basin and four tributaries, from october 2007 to july 2009, the Alta Floresta region in northern Mato Grosso. The objective was to study the reproduction and diet of the cachara Pseudoplatystoma punctifer. Sampling of fish were collected monthly by using longlines placed on the banks of rivers, Stopped, Four Bridges, Santa Helena, Apiacás, Teles Pires and in Lagoa da Mata, The specimens captured were killed and underwent biometry were removed gonads and stomach identifying the sex and stage of gonadal maturation the naked eye. We estimated the degree of stomach fullness, frequency of occurrence for each item and feeding. Measurements of abiotic variables were collected at the sites of P. punctifer. We made monthly measurements of water temperature, transparency, conductivity, dissolved oxygen and pH always two stations in each area to collect fish. We collected 398 fish, and of these 223 are females and 175 are male, accounting for 56% and 44%, respectively. There was a differentiation in size and weight of the ovaries with the variation of the reproductive cycle, the ovaries of young immature body weights minimum of 4.5 g, reaching a maximum weight of 630 g in adult females mature testes weight ranged on average from 2.6 g to 474.0 g young immature to mature adults. During the water regime was a variation in the absolute frequency of occurrence of females and males at different stages of gonadal development. The young, males and females predominated in all the phases with higher frequency in the flood of 2008 for both sexes, reproductive adults predominated in the flood of 2009, with most males, males and females in reproductive adults not predominant in all home phases of the hydrological regime in the flood of 2009 for females and males from 2008 to ebb. You can measure the spawning P. punctifer occurs between January and February, with completion in april 2009, coinciding with the highest values of rainfall in the region. For females the estimated L50 was 72.5 cm and for males was 72.0 cm, (L100) is greater in females at 106 cm for males, 94.5 cm. Females were more numerous in the length classes between 63.0 cm to 81.0 cm, males in length classes from 58.0 cm to 78.0 cm. The sex ratio is presented as follows: between the months of october 2007 to march 2008, the ratio was 1 male to female and three months from november to december 2008 was the first male to 17 females. The estimated averages of condition factor (K) depending on the water regime, were higher among males in the full flood of 2008 and 2009, the female values were balanced, the condition presented by individuals during the study period did not vary significantly depending on the water regime. Among abiotic factors analyzed, rainfall indirectly contributing to reproduction of P. punctinfer. The seasonality, characterized by the phases of water regime in the region, influenced the greater supply of items to the diet, especially the full. Despite the great contribution of fish in the diet of P. punctifer, diversity of food items indicates a carnivorous diet generalist, because it presents no selectivity of prey including several families of fish and other food groups. The presence of terrestrial vertebrates in this study may indicate an opportunistic habit of the species.

Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Mato Grosso

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Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos

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Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos

Protected Areas represent a fundamental strategy for biodiversity conservation, yet it is essential to consider the inclusion of each in its regional context. The support and participation of society are very important to the conservation of these areas, especially with regard to their buffer zones. The aim of the present study was to develop a proposal for limits and management for the buffer zone of Itirapina protected areas, according to technical parameters and with the participation and integration of various groups of social actors, to support its effective implementation and maintenance of social and environmental functions provided by it. The research was based on the methodological principles of action research and was conducted in three stages:in the first of them was performed a dynamic analysis of the use and occupation of land in the study area and identification of groups of social actors from around the Itirapina protected areas; the second stage examined through semistructured qualitative interviews, the meaning of Itirapina protected areas and the role of the buffer zone from the perspective of groups of social actors from around these areas. The third stage brought together the people interviewed in the second step, in a planning workshop for a proposed definition of boundaries and zoning for the buffer zone of Itirapina protected areas.The surrounding population identified the goods and services provided by natural ecosystems, related them to the maintenance of environmental functions with the presence of protected areas in the region, reported changes in environmental functions due to human activities in the surrounding, and also are able to participate in decision-making processes that involve the protected areas and its buffer zone.

Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos

Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos

Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos

Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais

Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos