Repositório RCAAP

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

In this work are presented the development and results of a new method of facial recognition based on the use of individual thresholds by texture pattern and facial sub region, with applicability in biometric systems of access control in controlled environments. Among the biometric systems, facial recognition systems have certain prominence in relation to other systems, because not being intrusive. The acquisition of the facial image is made with a distance between the camera and the subject. The goal of the proposed method is to reduce the computational cost, compared to other existing methods, without prejudice for facial recognition rate. The proposed method uses a descriptor composed of four sub-descriptors, each of formed by texture patterns. Each of the sub descriptors have size defined by the number of sub regions facial. In the comparative process between descriptors, the method uses the individual thresholds of texture pattern and facial sub region. This work presents three experiments, each subdivided into specific tests. The first experiment was conducted to evaluate variations related to the use of uniform local binary patterns (LBPu2), the results obtained were used as a comparative basis for the other experiments of this work. The second experiment aimed to evaluate the proposed method for reducing the size of the standard facial descriptor LBPu2 of 59 textures. The third experiment was conducted to evaluate the proposed method based on the use of individual thresholds by texture pattern and facial sub-region, method that aims to improve the classification process of facial recognition. For the experiments was used the frontal facial images of "The Facial Recognition Technology Database" (FERET) and "FEI Face Database" (FEI) sets, with light variations, expressions and no restrictions on the use of beard, mustache or glasses. After the experiments, it was possible to observe that the proposed method reduces considerably the computational cost for the facial recognition systems, besides improving its recognition rate, surpassing the academic results already published.

Children’s behavioral signs of inattention and hyperactivity / impulsivity at the school environment may diminish the opportunities for the child to socially competently and develop appropriate learning skills. The teacher is the main agent in charge of identifying these signs and performing the necessary interventions in the classroom. The objectives of this study were: a) to develop an electronic tool (M-Learning) for teachers to identify and manage behavioral signs of inattention and hyperactivity / impulsivity of students in the classroom; B) verify indicators of possibilities of use of the tool in a classroom context. Method: The study was carried out in two phases: phase 1: development of the electronic tool M-Learning, phase 2: evaluation of the tool by a group of teachers. In the second phase, the study followed a cross-sectional design with a convenience sample composed of 13 Primary School teachers from private and public schools of the city of São Paulo. In this phase the following steps were accomplished: stage 1: class on the characterization of indicators of signs of inattention and hyperactivity / impulsivity in children, step 2: presentation of the electronic tool M-Learning and online access to it, step 3: teachers participated of a form-filling simulation in the M-Learning electronic tool, step 4: teachers evaluated the tool. The main result of the study was the development of the Electronic Tool for the "M-learning" modality. The tool consists of information about patterns of signs of inattention and hyperactivity / impulsivity incompatible with school learning patterns; Screens containing proposals for behavioral intervention for the use of the teacher in the classroom and form to be filled, also by the teacher, on the frequency of use of behavioral management proposals in the students. The results regarding the verification of indicators of possibilities of use of the tool in a classroom context of the classroom showed that there was acceptability among the teachers participating in this study. The reports from teachers indicated that it is possible to access and use the tool from mobile phones with Internet access. Conclusion: from the teachers' responses to the questionnaire, it seems that the tool has potential and will enable the transposition of printed media contents to interactive and mobile media, allowing the teacher a monitoring of the student's behavior. It is hoped that the tool will assist the teacher in the development of interventions in the school environment for the reduction of behavioral patterns of inattention and hyperactivity incompatible with learning.

Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo

Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa

The objective of this study is to verify through the perception of independent auditors and educators in Brazilian universities which work or worked as independent auditor, the main factors that affect the auditor s ethical responsibility, based on the national and international auditor profession codes of conduct/ethical guidelines. Taking the stand of the factors that contributed to the recent financial/accounting scandals and even frauds in the world business scenario, it is imperative that the independent auditor s professional activities be performed in a more adequate manner. Therefore, the auditor should observe and maintain an ethical position and should be in compliance with the professional audit codes of conduct/ethical guidelines, therefore, mitigating audited entity s risk and protecting their image. This position also aims to prevent audit firms from embarrassment and a negative impact that generate loss of credibility and litigations, including folding up their activities as it happened to one of the biggest independent audit companies in this era, Arthur Andersen. Therefore, to guide this study, the research question is: what are the main factors that impact the auditor's ethical responsibility in the perception of independent auditors and educators? The studied population consisted of independent auditors (semi-senior/senior/supervising) from the Big Four audit firms (PricewaterhouseCoopers, Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu, Ernst & Young Terco and KPMG) in São Paulo Brazil, and educators in Brazilian universities which work or worked as an independent auditor. In this context, a qualitative analysis was performed, looking for characteristics that contribute to validate the objectives and the research question. The research revealed there are thirteen factors that could impact the auditor s ethic responsibility that are related to integrity, independence, technical competence, professional care and confidentiality. From these identified factors, seven are related to the independent auditors perception, two are related to the educators perception and the other four are common in both perceptions. In this context, it is suggested a deeper look into these factors for future researches, and this should go in line with deductive studies in order to ascertain the correlation between them. Furthermore, it is important to check the point of tangency between the question of ethics and technical competence of the independent auditors, since in the perceptions of the independent auditors and educators, some factors do not impact their ethical responsibility. However, evidences show that this could be related to unlikely mapping of accounting / financial problems occurred in the business scenario. And these are factors involving for instance, the adequateness of the methodology, quality of training to improvement and maintenance of professional skills and effectiveness of continuing education, which are not always the direct responsibility of a junior/assistant independent auditor.

This dissertation aims to examine the authorial work of Brazilian designers and architects throughout the 20th century to the present day, with the general objectives of analyzing, describing and practicing production in the ield of residential furniture from both the analysis and the development of an object of study: the tea cart. Thus, the following project intends to contribute with inputs for research dedicated to the design practices of furniture, verifying the consolidation of modern and contemporary furniture in Brazil from the development of the referred piece of furniture. The research is divided into three chapters. The irst chapter, of a more conceptual sense, proposes the presentation of characteristics used in tea carts developed in Brazil during the 20th century, by leading architects and designers of that time, as well as the analysis of the language adopted by each investigated author. The second chapter is dedicated to showing contemporary national references designed by architects, freelance designers and professionals with their own brand, thus showing the great national interest in continuing this tradition. In both chapters, the investigation is carried out in the context of design, shape, aesthetics and material of objects. The third and last chapter is entirely dedicated to the study of the authorial tea cart, describing the processes of its conceptualization until its inal consolidation.

Although not commonly discussed among Brazilian jurists, banking mergers and acquisitions are an extremely relevant issue in Economic and Legal Sciences, considering the importance and the influence of these events in the Financial System, in the execution of economic and monetary policies by the State, in management of public savings and in the functioning of the payment system. The purpose of this research was to present and, as much as possible, clarify the competition and the economical aspects of the Brazilian banking market, providing an analysis of the Brazilian Central Bank s performance in banking mergers and acquisitions. In order to achieve it, it was necessary to discuss the evolution of economic history through time, which can explain actual aspects of market; the national economic regulation and its principles; the functions of central banks; the way Brazilian Central Bank performs monetary policy given by the National Monetary Council; the way Brazilian Central Bank analyzes mergers and acquisitions in the Financial System; the way mergers and acquisitions are analyzed outside the Financial System; and, at last, the varied doctrinaires opinions about the competence of Brazilian Central Bank and the competence of Council of Economic Administrative Defense to analyze banking mergers and acquisitions. In its last chapters, the work intend to demonstrate that the performance of Brazilian Central Bank in banking mergers and acquisitions is mostly marked by execution of economic policies and prevention of risks, specially systemic risks, and, although the Brazilian Central Bank could be legally considered exclusively competent to analyze banking mergers and acquisitions, it do not perform that competence, which could, therefore, justify the interference of the Council of Economic Administrative Defense in this events. Nevertheless, at this moment, legal statements provide Brazilian Central Bank exclusive competence for the analysis of banking mergers and acquisitions in Financial System and the Council of Economic Administrative Defense has only the responsibility of analysis of the information provided by the Brazilian Central Bank in order to evaluate probable consequences of these events in other markets.

In the context of business models, it can be seen that the value configuration visions are presented in a static and categorical or linear perspective, which is not adequate to think about the dynamics of the process, especially when it comes to new born companies. That is, these visions of value configuration presuppose already constituted companies. Thus, in order to cover this theoretical gap, the question that arises in this dissertation is: How do companies, in the initial phase of constitution, configure value? The systemic, procedural and dynamic perspectives are still not well evidenced in the literature. It is understood that the understanding of value configuration requires a dynamic and emergent strategy perspective, based on a process of trial and error. In this sense, this research adopts Activity Theory as the appropriate strategic perspective to think about the process of value configuration. This approach allows capturing the role of the actors in the execution of the activities as well as the contradictions of the decision making process in terms of activities. As the structure and organizational boundaries of nascent companies are not well defined in the initial stages of a business, the value configuration cut was that of value chain activities. In this sense, a systematic review of the literature was carried out and three main contexts were found: resources and technology; client; partners. These three aspects of the activities were dealt with in a procedural perspective, in which the actors involved in the process of value configuration implement the opportunity from a process of action, contradiction and result. From the methodological point of view, we opted for the analysis of narratives that allows the identification of the various connections (explicit or not) that people make in the execution of certain routines. From the identification of the events, the focal actors and the understanding of the oppositions (dilemmas) and syllogisms (implicit and explicit termination of the dilemmas) in the speech and actions of the interviewees, it was possible to identify the main activities of value configuration, which were analyzed according to the framework of the Activity Theory. As a result, new born companies configure value from an activity system that includes portfolio decisions (research, product development and testing for improvement), customer service and order management, distribution and delivery, competition analysis, financial and accounting management, and future planning), as well as past value creation activities (decision on value proposition and focal customers) that condition the setting the value. These identified activities encompass resources and technologies, clients and partners, nd are developed in a constant of dilemmas and contradictions (oppositions) inherent to the decision process (actions, syllogisms) and consequent ruptures in the execution of activities.

This study discuss about how the work Griffin & Sabine Trilogy contempletes the gender and the tradicional epistolar romance. The paper will consider some aspects and conceptions about the gender and the epistolar narrative consolidated ond the Nick Bantock s Triology. The resources used by the author are detached to considerer a new and instigated epistolar romance that could sustain the tension existed between the two speechs: literature and plastics arts One becomes, therefore, essential not only the analysis of the relations of the literal and pictorial contents of the postcards and letters of the trilogy (delimited in 2º volume of the trilogy, intitled Sabine´s Notebook: In Which The Extraordinary Correspondence of Griffin & Sabine Continues),but also the study of the double one as a possibility of reading of the trilogy.

The present research arises from the conceptual distortion regarding sustainability when applied to the elaboration of projects for professional kitchens, aiming to promote a synthetic analysis, from an exploratory fashion and of qualitative orientation of those same concepts of sustainability. A wide bibliographic base of dissertations, theses, Internet sites and books was set up, some of them even before the importance turn in the discussions of sustainability in architecture and gastronomy, which undoubtedly made the investigation more laborious, given the scarcity of specific information within this theme, but not less instigating, since I seek to bring an understanding about the application or not of the concepts of sustainability when designing architectural projects and how these concepts are perceived and considered nowadays. For this, the theoretical apparatus of some scholars was used, thus delimiting the more important concepts within sustainability to advocate its application in the elaboration of the projects of professional kitchens, where one observes the feasibility of the sustainable parameters in order to promote an increment in designs based on this integrative vision between architecture and sustainable gastronomy, which is also presented here to promote a broad and diverse understanding on sustainability. At the end of the research it was observed that the use of such guidelines promotes the formation of multidisciplinary groups and fosters communication between departments involved in the design process, providing less data loss, consequently less time and more quality in the arranging of space, as well, of the relationship between project and sustainability, where aspects such as operational flows, composition of layout, use of new operating technologies and well-trained employees make up the sustainable basis for the good performance of a professional kitchen.

Tendo em vista que os candidatos a um cargo político precisam conquistar votos, devem atentar-se às escolhas de linguagem que fazem para construírem discursivamente suas imagens diante da sociedade. Esta tese propõe, portanto, uma análise e comparação das manifestações linguísticas atenuadas e intensificadas aplicadas como tática de persuasão do público eleitor durante entrevistas concedidas ao programa televisivo Roda Viva antes dos pleitos de 1989 e de 2018, partindo do preceito de que houve alterações no uso da linguagem em circunscrições temporais distintas. Para efetuar esta pesquisa, foram adotados como principal fundamentação teórica os pressupostos sobre fenômenos de constituição de imagem dentro de uma perspectiva interacionista, compreendidos como atividades sociais, de acordo com Bravo (1999, 2003, 2004), Hernández Flores (2004, 2005), Albelda (2004) e Briz (1998, 2002, 2007, 2012). O trabalho construiu-se a partir de uma análise pragmática, na qual trechos de vídeos televisivos das entrevistas constituem o corpus. Devemos considerar, afinal, que se tem no gênero entrevista uma interação por vezes polêmicas, especialmente dentro do discurso político, na qual se deve manter uma autoimagem a fim de conquistar votos por meio da aproximação com seus possíveis eleitores.

This study aimed to know the relationship between the tangibility of assets and capital structure through the exploitation of corporate assets. a sample of 255 companies covering the period 2007 to 2015. Panel data were used with fixed effects was used, combining cross-sectional data with time series, with a generalized moment method instrument. As a research variable capital structure and leverage they were used the accounting and market concepts and their results were compared. In line with the literature of the area, the following variables were selected: liquidity, size of company, real assets. The econometric results proved to be robust by the techniques used. The obtained test results were quite consistent for some variables such as company size, with the theories of Pecking Order and Trade-off. However the results are not in line with those observed in similar studies conducted in other countries when using the premise real assets.

Este trabajo objetiva analizar los tiempos verbales en tres versiones del cuento de hada Cenicienta, llevándose en consideración que los tiempos, en esos cuentos, no indican Tiempo Cronológico ni Tiempo Real, pero desempeñan importante función, dado que presentan al lector/oyente un mundo diferente del suyo y, por lo tanto, no le concierne. Esta pesquisa se fundamenta en los postulados de Harald Weinrich, sobre los dos grupos temporales que focalizan el mundo narrado y el mundo comentado. Esos grupos determinan qué actitud el lector/oyente debe tener en cuanto a lo que está leyendo o escuchando. Para ello, en las tres versiones, se ha elaborado un levantamiento de los símbolos que guían ese tipo de narrativa fantástica, con los respectivos tiempos verbales, como estratégia de análisis.

O presente trabalho visa o desenvolvimento de uma grande reportagem para a Revista Galileu – matéria da capa, que aborda o tema da representação da mulher no cinema, fazendo uma análise da personagem da Mulher Maravilha e seu filme. O veículo em questão propõe discussões sobre cultura, cinema e representatividade e a reportagem atende essa demanda. A mulher, que muitas vezes, aparece de maneira estereotipada nas grandes produções cinematográficas, demorou para ser protagonista de um longa de super-heróis, assim o trabalho em questão busca ressaltar a importância da criação da Mulher Maravilha e o que ela representa até os dias de atuais. A intenção é problematizar a maneira como as mulheres são representadas em grandes produções e também como não há espaço para elas no mercado do audiovisual. A metodologia utilizada foi a bibliográfica, para que houvesse uma melhor compreensão sobre os assuntos abordados na reportagem. A linguagem é mais informal, porque se adequa a proposta da Revista Galileu e seus leitores mais jovens. Os conceitos usados no trabalho abordam temas como a representatividade, questão de gênero e a construção do mito.

Executive Functions can be defined as a set of skills that are used in everyday situations in order to control thoughts and actions directed to a specific goal. These skills have great importance and influence on emotional and cognitive development during childhood and adolescence. Thus, the present study had as objective to analyze the performance in tests of cold executive functions and the ability of decision making in primary school children aged 6 to 10 years. A total of 146 students from two private schools in Greater São Paulo participated in the study. The following Iowa Children Gambling Task and Delay of Gratification instruments were applied to assess the decision-making ability. For the evaluation of the Cold Executive Functions (inhibitory control, cognitive flexibility, working memory and planning): Five Digits Test, Verbal Fluency Test, Quick Alternate Nomination Test, Rey Complex Test, Rey Verbal Auditory Learning Test .The results reveal significant age differences for all measures related to decision making processes in the Children Gambling Task, but not for the Delay of Gratification test. For the cold executive functions, the results show significant differences for all the measurements obtained with the Five Digits Test and the time of the fast alternating appointment tests. For the Verbal Fluency test, a difference was noted for the number of evoked items beginning with a specific letter. The results in the Verbal Hearing Learning test showed difference in all items, except for the recognition test. Finally, significant differences were observed for the number of correct items in the Rey Complex Test, but no differences were observed in the time of the test. In all results, the scores of older children were better than those of younger children, and children of 6 and 7 years of age tended to perform similarly overall. In addition, children of 9 and 10 years also tended to have similar pattern of response in the tests. Thus, the present study corroborates data previously found and show significant changes in this age group.

El teatro surgió en la Grecia Antigua con manifestaciones en honor al dios del vino, Dionisio, a cada nueva cosecha de uva. De ese modo, el teatro siempre estuvo presente en la historia de la humanidad desde la Antiguedad. Al leer las piezas Anfitrión (206 a.C.), de Plauto y Un dios durmió en casa (1949), de Guilherme de Figueiredo, una perteneciente a la Literatura Latina; otra, a la Literatura Brasileña, respectivamente, se observa un vínculo estrecho de proximidad entre una y otra. De ese modo, se pretende con este trabajo establecer un diálogo entre las obras de tal modo que es posible percibir que, por medio de la carnavalización, por el género de la parodia, el mito vuelve a actualizarse. Al trazarse un estudio dialógico entre las obras, llegamos a la carnavalización en la literatura y nuestro objetivo es apuntar de qué manera los autores destronan y coronan los personajes. Este trabajo abordará y considerará cuestiones que están presentes en las piezas: dialogismo, carnavalización, parodia y mito. Todos los conceptos fueron amparados en teóricos consagrados para que pudiéramos llegar a una definición para, posteriormente, analisar las obras en cuestión.

The present paper studies Rachel de Queiroz’s narrative entitled Memorial de Maria Moura, published in 1992, and the minisseries inspired in it, which carries the same name, aired in Globo network in 1994. This work studies the transposition from the book to the television and the resources used in this transposition, which bring the written narrative to the television narrative.We also study the paratexts present in both plots, which contribute to the composition of Queiroz’s and Globo’s work as a whole, but not being actually part of the story. For that, this paper was divided in three sections: the first theoretical one, which brings studies abaout literature, television and transposition; the second one which studies paratexts; and the third one, which studies the tansposition from the written story to the television. For that, we used as theoretical resorces Linda Hutcheon, Ana Balogh and Gerard Genette.

This research is a basic interpretative and qualitative study underpinned by an interacionist and interpretative epistemological approach that aims to understand how technical - administrative employees learning experiences occur in the workplace of Araçatub a School of Dentistry/UNESP. The research question is: how do technical - administrative employees experience learning throughout their professional tasks in the workplace? . There are three big aims: (a) identify, describe and understand the informal processes used for individuals to learn their professional tasks; (b) describe and analyze the role of the social interactions that occur in the workplace, as well as the influe nce of the organizational context in informal learning; (c) analyze how the workplace context of the studied Faculty supports or raises difficulties to informal learning. The theoretical frame joins the literature about Informal Learning in the workplace with Social Learning Theory by Elkjaer, in order to understand how learning occurs in social environments. It was conducted 16 semi - structured interviews with technical - administrative employees from Academic and Administrative Technical Divisions of Araçat uba School of Dentistry/UNESP. The collected data was analyzed through qualitative data analyses strategy proposed by Flores (1994). I t was concluded that employees learn their tasks informally, by their experience and daily practice in the workplace, during the work process, making questions and exchang ing ideas with their bos ses and colleagues from the own Faculty or from other UNESP faculty , with whom they build a contributive network for informal learning. Facing new and challenging tasks in other jobs is a trigger to informal learning, such as knowing the way as the organization works and studying its internal and external set of laws . The technical - administrative employee proactive behavior encourage s these actions. The employees interactions with the social worlds and subworlds identified in the interviews evoked emotions like gratefu lness, commitment, pleasure and love in the job and by the job, which sometimes support and raise difficulties at times to informal learning. The context factors that influence informal learning in the studied organization are organizational climate, culture and layout, as well as job development expectation and the relationship between newcomers and experienced employees.

The performance measurement systems were seen in a new light after the creation of the balanced scorecard (BSC) introduced by Kaplan and Norton in the early 90 s, presenting a far broader methodology of management and business performance compared with controls based on accounting and financial indicators. Since its introduction, the BSC has evolved and gained a high degree of recognition as one of the most widely used tools among the recent innovations in the context of management control. One of the most discussed approaches by present authors is the cause and effect relationship between scorecards. Thus, this study aims to develop an analysis of the relationship between performance measurement system indicators from Petrobras refining segment, thereby aiding the increment of the system and contributing to the process of strategic management of the company. The research includes interviews with managers of the company to develop a hypothetical model of cause and effect relationship between indicators, and the Granger causality test was used to assess the statistical significance of the model. After completion of tests, results were presented to managers for model validation. The analysis indicates that in general the time series data provided support for understanding the cause and effect relationship of the performance measurement system from Petrobras refining segment. Testing various lags it was possible to verify that in most of relations the predictive capacity is established significantly. Thus, this study contributes to the understanding of relations between indicators from Petrobras refining segment, through the identification of lags, opportunities for revision of weight, indicators identity and formula, and thus providing key inputs for improving the company s performance measurement system.