Repositório RCAAP

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This paper focuses on the personal recollections left by a dozen Italian musicians concerning their personal experiences in South America in the years 1880-1920 (the period when the phenomenon of Italian emigration to South America reached its highest peak), integrated with the evidence provided by some of their relatives and colleagues. Secondary biographical literature is also taken into account. The issues most often mentioned in these personal notes and recollections are the (often bad) travel conditions, the wages, the theatres, the reception of the audience, and the leisure activities. The paper investigates the experiences of such workers in the music sector as opera singers, symphonic directors, composers, and music teachers in search for fortune. In the paper, the experiences of the following personalities are discussed: Francesco Tamagno, Gemma Bellincioni, Arturo Toscanini, Giacomo Puccini, Michele Puccini, Ada Giachetti, Enrico Caruso, Nazzareno De Angelis, Luigi Mancinelli, Pietro Mascagni, Gino Marinuzzi, Beniamino Gigli.

The text reflects on the travels of Filippo Tommaso Marinetti to South America on two occasions, in 1926 and in 1936. The focus is on the contributions of the creator of the Italian futurism, for a wide range of artistic, literary and architectural works on the continent. Albeit briefly, the controversy about the receipt of the movement and its dialog with the Latin American avant-garde art is also tackled. Modernism, the controversial Brazilian reception and the perspective regarding Argentina and Uruguay were discussed by commentators and researchers who reflect on the diversity of views on these travels and the artistic, intellectual and ideological reception of the movement. The historical dimension is used as a base for creating a hypothesis, since when these travels happened in South America, the movement had already sizzled around the half of the First World War. As the mechanized slaughter devastated Europe, it became more difficult to maintain the cult of the machine. Throughout the 1920s and 1930s, the second generation of futurists tried to extend their ideology and practice to futuristic installations, theater set design, graphic arts and advertising, to some success.

French surrealist poet Benjamin Peret lived twice in Brazil: in 1929-1931 and 1955-1956. After a brief account of his busy and multifaceted life trajectory (1899-1959), the present paper aims to give an idea of the image (and images) of urban Brazil that Benjamin Peret included in his writings during part of his second stay in Brazil. Based on his correspondence (supplemented, as necessary, with other documents), this article focuses on two aspects: his view of Rio de Janeiro (sometimes contrasted with the memories of his first stay in the years 1929- 1931) and his notes and comments on his journey to the capitals of North and Northeast regions. The conclusion includes a review by the French writer of his second stay in Brazilian.

This research focuses on travel literature, especially the chroniclers expeditions through the Amazon, among them Friar Gaspar de Carvajal (1541-42) and Father Cristobal de Acuna (1638-39). The aim is to reflect on a specific cultural universe, recovering the representations of the Amazon and El Dorado, drawn by Europeans during their reconnaissance and occupation trips to the region.

Due to the policy adopted by the Portuguese crown to protect their colonies from other powers, we have only a few descriptions of Colonia del Sacramento, a fortification built in 1680 in the banks of the Prata River. Hence the importance of the accounts of travelers. Few described the Prata frontier, and the ones who took on this task were mostly clerics, such as the Dominican Domingo de Neyra and the Jesuits Diogo Soares and Florian Paucke. There were also reports by Frenchman Louis-Antoine de Bougainville and Spaniard Francisco Millau. It is through them that we gather knowledge about the details that were not registered in the administrative documentation, our main source of study for research of the daily life in Colonia del Sacramento.

In the 19th century, the Captaincy of Rio Grande de Sao Pedro was considered a desirable space in foreign travelers records and chronicles, with interesting observations. This is the case of Domingos Jose Marques Fernandes, born in Sao Salvador do Couto of Pedralva in Braga, Portugal, who, on September 10th, 1804, offered a "Chorographic, Political, Civic and Military description" of the Captaincy to John, Prince Regent of Portugal and Brazil, Algarves and its domains. His intention was to inform the sovereign about what he witnessed and recommend actions to promote and foster the gains of the Portuguese State. The document consists of 90 pages, divided into four chapters, addressing physical and human geography of the area, as well as its major villages. He then describes its economic potential, offering reasons to populate the Captaincy. The analysis of this lesser known document highlights its relevance to the knowledge of the extreme south after the Portuguese conquered the above-mentioned territory, which was later conquered by the Spaniards in 1801, and defined by the Treaty of Badajoz in the same year .