Repositório RCAAP

Editorial of the volume 43, number 3 (2017) of Estudos Ibero-Americanos (Ibero-American Studies).

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Appraisers

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Based on the analysis of imagery and textual records present in the Rio press, the article analyzes the practices of social dances in the city of Rio de Janeiro, during the first three decades of the twentieth century. Understanding of the body as a space for political realization and an important means of experience and communication with the world, three themes are treated: the attempt of Brazilian intellectuals to define national identity from the analogy between the character of a people and its rhythmic manifestations; the cross-cultural dialogues between rhythms and dances of the Americas, Europe and Africa in the halls and stages of the country’s capital; and, finally, the formulation of different social profiles, more or less transgressors, through the practice of dance. In this context, dance reveals itself as a means of elaboration of ethnic, social and gender identity, being at the same time the target of idealized, racist and moralizing discourses.

This text aims to present the slave community that lived on the farm of St. Christopher, located in the captaincy of Rio de Janeiro, during some moments of the eighteenth century. Three types of sources are used for this purpose: 1. the listing made in 1759 at the time of the kidnapping of the farm, caused by the order of expulsion of the religious of the Company of Jesus of Portugal and its domains; 2. a new evaluation of these slaves made in 1761 from the denunciations that property was being lost and slaves were runway or causing riots; 3. The records of the sales of his labor in the auctions that took place in the square of Rio de Janeiro between 1761 and 1762. This analysis intends to demonstrate the complex family structure that the Jesuits were able to establish between their captives and the subsequent dismantling of these family units after the expulsion of the religious and the sale of their property. In addition, it is tried to demonstrate that the bidding on the part of these slaves were men who lived with this community of captives and, therefore, knew who they were buying.

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Based on the accounting for chattel confiscated from seven residents of the Rio das Mortes region of Minas Gerais arrested for their involvement in Inconfidência Mineira, this article analyzes the prices and “colors” of the slaves comprising the respective holdings from 1789 to 1791.

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This paper analyzes the application of the stylistic term neo-medieval over certain buildings built by the architects Ettore Petri, Arnado Barison and Renato Schiavon in Valparaiso and Viña del Mar, during years 1906 and 1916. Object of discussion is the ambiguity of this concept assumed by historiography, defending here the impossibility of considering their buildings as mere positivistic evocations of medieval architecture from Venice. On the contrary, a more complex and rich phenomenon is described, based on the use of construction models from late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, assuming an idealized view from the Middle Ages, from knowledge of the designs and texts by John Ruskin and Camillo Boito and inspiration in strongly restored medieval buildings.

The present study use some fragments of the trajectory of the Mina Coast African Maria Francisca do Rosário – and her relatives – to discuss issues such as social classification through color and possibilities of social ascension that Africans trafficked as slaves to Brazil in the 19th century has to deal. For this, the main source used was the baptism records, although several documents, such as criminal cases and manumissions, among others, have also been explored. The region that was focus of the study was the South-Rio-Grandense Campaign, at the southern end of the Brazilian Empire. More specifically, the collected documentation focuses on the locality of Bagé, where Maria Francisca lived almost whole her life. It was possible to observe, through the serial analysis of the baptisms, that color, as a way of qualifying/classifying individuals (especially those who had part of their past or their ancestors, linked to slavery) did not disappear. In the same way, it was possible to verify that the construction of solid bonds of friendship and family opened up possibilities of social ascension – a ascension that, in the last instance, could make the color or even the stigma of the slavery of a certain individual (or his relatives) disappear, or at least change in a positive sense (for that society), of the documents.

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This text reopens the debate around spectres in politics, a subject that was addressed by Derrida in relation to the Marxist legacy, and that we consider appropriate to discuss a dimension opened by witnesses in the political and juridical field of Latin America countries. A witness is a representative figure of the legal field, but in cases of human rights violations, they have acquired a unique political and cultural projection by giving voice to missing persons. They thus established a spectral dimension, which put in question a whole political and legal ontology that was attempted in different ways.