Repositório RCAAP
Flora das cangas da Serra dos Carajás, Pará, Brasil: Solanaceae
Resumo Apresentamos o tratamento das espécies de Solanaceae ocorrentes em formações de canga da Serra dos Carajás, estado do Pará, Brasil. São registradas vinte e três espécies nativas ou naturalizadas já estabelecidas, em cinco gêneros: Cestrum, Hawkesiophyton, Physalis, Schwenckia e Solanum. Das espécies descritas, dezenove estão contidas no gênero Solanum, sendo a maioria delas de áreas abertas antropizadas ou bordas de florestas, ocorrendo ocasionalmente nas formações de canga. Descrições, chaves de identificação para os táxons e ilustrações são fornecidas.
2018
Giacomin,Leandro Lacerda Gomes,Emeli Susane Costa
Flora das cangas da Serra dos Carajás, Pará, Brasil: Verbenaceae
Resumo Este estudo apresenta o tratamento taxonômico de Verbenaceae para as cangas da Serra dos Carajás (Pará, Brasil). Foram registrados três gêneros e cinco táxons: Lantana hirsuta subsp. amazonica, Lantana paraensis, Lantana trifolia, Lippia grata e Stachytarpheta cayennensis. São fornecidas chaves, descrições, ilustrações e comentários dos táxons.
2018
Cardoso,Pedro Henrique O’Leary,Nataly Salimena,Fátima Regina Gonçalves
Briófitas (Bryophyta e Marchantiophyta) das cangas da Serra dos Carajás, Pará, Brasil
Resumo Os estudos botânicos na Serra dos Carajás iniciaram no final da década de 60. Após isso, foram publicados vários trabalhos sobre florística, ecologia e fitogeografia que resultaram em muitas descobertas sobre a flora local, culminando com a produção da flora das cangas da Serra dos Carajás. Este trabalho objetiva apresentar a riqueza das briófitas estudadas durante o projeto Flora das cangas da Serra dos Carajás, Pará, Brasil. O material estudado incluiu novas coletas realizadas de 2015 a 2017 e material depositado no Herbário MG. A canga apresentou uma grande riqueza de briófitas (54 musgos e 35 hepáticas) e a composição está de acordo com o esperado para áreas rupestres na Amazônia. A elevada riqueza de briófitas de sombra demonstrou que as poucas árvores da canga assim com as pequenas áreas de mata baixa que formam ilhas de vegetação ou ainda nichos específicos como frestas e base de rochas ou espaços sob rochas, servem como refúgio para essas espécies. O estudo das briófitas na Serra dos Carajás possibilitou o conhecimento 51 novos registros para as cangas de Carajás, sete para o Pará, três para a região Norte e um para o Brasil.
2018
Oliveira-da-Silva,Fúvio Rubens Ilkiu-Borges,Anna Luiza
Ferns and lycophytes from Serra dos Carajás, an Eastern Amazonian mountain range
Abstract In the state of Pará (Brazil), until the beginning of last decade little was known about the composition of the fern and lycophyte flora. The ferruginous mountains of Carajás are located in Southeastern Pará, mostly inserted in the Floresta Nacional de Carajás. The objective of this work is to present a complete and updated list of fern and lycophyte species occurring in all vegetation types from Carajás ferruginous mountains as a contribution to the knowledge of these plant groups from the Brazilian Amazon. The species list was based on specimens collected between 2007 and 2013. About 1068 specimens deposited in the BHCB Herbarium were studied. A total of 186 species of pteridophytes were recorded, 175 species of ferns distributed in 22 families and 68 genera, and 11 species of lycophytes distributed in three families and four genera. The fern and lycophyte flora of Serra dos Carajás region corresponds to 64% of the Pará state flora of these groups and 34% of the Brazilian Amazon fern and lycophyte flora. Seven taxa are presented as new records for Pará state: Asplenium abscissum, A. otites, A. praemorsum, Blechnum lanceola, Elaphoglossum minutum, Doryopteris collina, and Hemionitis tomentosa. Three species are endemic to Serra dos Carajás, Isoetes cangae, I. serracarajensis, and Selaginella stomatoloma.
2018
Salino,Alexandre Arruda,André Jardim Almeida,Thaís Elias
Cangas da Amazônia: a vegetação única de Carajás evidenciada pela lista de fanerógamas
Resumo Nas cangas da Floresta Nacional (FLONA) de Carajás e no Parque Nacional dos Campos Ferruginosos (PNCF) foram registradas 856 espécies, distribuídas em 116 famílias de fanerógamas. As famílias mais ricas foram Poaceae (86), Fabaceae (65) e Rubiaceae (46). O hábito herbáceo foi o melhor representado. Dois gêneros, 24 espécies e uma subespécie são apontadas como endêmicas das cangas da área de estudos. Na FLONA de Carajás, a Serra Norte, com maior amostragem, possui 659 espécies de fanerógamas e na Serra Sul foram registradas 545 espécies. Aproximadamente 60% das espécies documentadas na área de estudos, incluindo espécies endêmicas, não possuem registro para o PNCF. Através da lista taxonômica aqui apresentada, foi possível demonstrar considerável distinção entre as cangas da Serra dos Carajás e as do Quadrilátero Ferrífero, em Minas Gerais, apontando também pouca correspondência dessas duas listas com a canga de Corumbá, no Mato Grosso do Sul. A riqueza e singularidade da flora da região, que inclui diversas espécies endêmicas, associada à ameaça a que estão submetidos estes ambientes por atividades de mineração, apontam para a necessidade de um planejamento para conservação das espécies da flora das cangas de Carajás.
2018
Mota,Nara Furtado de Oliveira Watanabe,Mauricio Takashi Coutinho Zappi,Daniela Cristina Hiura,Alice Lima Pallos,Julieta Viveros,Raquel Stauffer Giulietti,Ana Maria Viana,Pedro Lage
An overview of recent progress in the implementation of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation - a global perspective
Abstract The Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC) with its 16 outcome-orientated targets aimed at achieving a series of measurable goals was adopted by the Conference of the Parties to the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) at its sixth meeting (COP-6) in 2002. In 2010, at COP-10, these targets were updated, taking into account progress at the time. To date, a number of countries have developed national responses to contribute to the GSPC, including several mega-diverse countries and other plant rich countries and regions. Additionally, a number of global initiatives have been established to promote the implementation of the GSPC. This paper provides an overview of progress at the global level towards the GSPC targets, highlighting actions that have taken place at a supra-national level, as well as providing examples of good practice in national implementation. The GSPC has been widely adopted, particularly by the botanic garden community, and while unlikely to achieve its ultimate goal of halting the loss of plant diversity by 2020, has achieved many successes, not least in allowing and facilitating many individuals and organisations from the botanical community to engage with the CBD and to contribute to the achievement of its objectives, targets and priorities.
2018
Sharrock,Suzanne Hoft,Robert Dias,Braulio Ferreira de Souza
Brazilian Flora 2020: Innovation and collaboration to meet Target 1 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC)
Abstract The Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC) was established by the Conference of Parties in 2002 to decrease the loss of plant diversity, reduce poverty and contribute to sustainable development. To achieve this overarching goal, the GSPC has established a series of targets, one of which is to ensure that plant diversity is well understood, so that it can be effectively conserved and used in a sustainable manner. Brazil hosts more than 46,000 species of plants, algae and fungi, representing one of the most biodiverse countries on Earth, and playing a key role in the GSPC. To meet the GSPC goals of Target 1 and facilitate access to plant diversity, Brazil committed to preparing the List of Species of the Brazilian Flora (2008-2015) and the Brazilian Flora 2020 (2016-present). Managing all the information associated with such great biodiversity has proven to be an extremely challenging task. Here, we synthesize the history of these projects, focusing on the multidisciplinary and collaborative approach adopted to develop and manage the inclusion of all the knowledge generated though digital information systems. We further describe the methods used, challenges faced, and strategies adopted, as well as summarize advances to date and prospects for completing the Brazilian flora in 2020.
2018
Filardi,Fabiana L. Ranzato Barros,Fábio de Baumgratz,José Fernando A. Bicudo,Carlos E.M. Cavalcanti,Taciana B. Coelho,Marcus A. Nadruz Costa,Andrea F. Costa,Denise P. Goldenberg,Renato Labiak,Paulo Henrique Lanna,João M. Leitman,Paula Lohmann,Lúcia G. Maia,Leonor Costa Mansano,Vidal F. Morim,Marli P. Peralta,Denilson F. Pirani,José Rubens Prado,Jefferson Roque,Nádia Secco,Ricardo S. Stehmann,João Renato Sylvestre,Lana S. Viana,Pedro L. Walter,Bruno M.T. Zimbrão,Geraldo Forzza,Rafaela Campostrini Abreu,Maria C. Abreu,Vanessa H.R. Acevedo-Rodríguez,Pedro Acunã C.,Rafael Afonso,Edgar A.L. Agra,Leandro A.N.N. Agra,Maria F. Almeda,Frank Almeida,Gracineide S.S. Almeida,Mariana M. Almeida,Nicolli B.C. Almeida,Rafael F. Almeida,Thaís E. Alves,Flávio M. Alves,Maria Alves-Araújo,Anderson Amaral,Maria C.E. Amélio,Leandro A. Amorim,André M.A. Amorim,Bruno S. Amorim,Vivian O. Andrade,Ivanilza M. André,Thiago Andreata,Regina H.P. Andrino,Caroline O. Angulo,María B. Antar,Guilherme M. Aona,Lidyanne Y.S. Arana,Marcelo Aranha Filho,João L.M. Araújo,Andréa O. Araújo,Camila C. Araújo,Cintia A.T. Araújo,Mário H.T. Asprino,Renata C. Assis,Francine C. Assis,Leandro C.S. Assis,Marta C. Athayde Filho,Francisco Athiê-Souza,Sarah M. Azevedo,Michaele A.M. Bacci,Lucas F. Barbosa,Ariane R. Barbosa,Camilo V.O. Barbosa,Juliana F. Barbosa,Maria Barbosa-Silva,Rafael G. Barboza,Gloria E. Barcelos,Flávia R.B. Barcelos,Laísa B. Barreto,Kamilla L. Bastos,Cid J.P. Bastos,Cláudia A. Benelli,Ada Bernacci,Luís C. Beyer,Maila Bezerra,Andrea C.C. Bigio,Narcísio C. Biral,Leonardo Bissoli,Vinícius F. Bochorny,Thuane Bohs,Lynn Boldorini,Abril Boldrini,Ilsi I. Bolson,Mônica Bonadeu,Francismeire Bordin,Juçara Bordon,Natali G. Borges,Leonardo M. Borges,Rafael A.X. Borges,Rodrigo L. Bortoluzzi,Roseli L.C. Bove,Cláudia P. Bovini,Massimo G. Braga,João Marcelo A. Branco,Suema Brauner,Laiana M. Braz,Denise M. Bringel Jr.,João B.A. Brito,Antonio L.V.T. Brito,Carolina R. Brito,Eliete S. Bruniera,Carla P. Büneker,Henrique M. Bünger,Mariana Buril,Maria T. Cabral,Andressa Cabral,Elsa L. Cabral,Fernanda N. Caddah,Mayara K. Caires,Claudenir S. Calazans,Luana S.B. Caldas,Diana K.D. Calió,Maria F. Calvo,Joel Camargo,Rodrigo A. Campos-Rocha,Antonio Cândido,Elisa S. Canestraro,Bianca K. Canto-Dorow,Thais S. Cardoso,André L.R. Cardoso,Domingos B.O.S. Cardoso,Leandro J.T. Cardoso,Pedro H. Carmo,Dimas M. Carmo,João A.M. Carneiro,Camila R. Carneiro,Cláudia E. Carneiro-Torres,Daniela S. Carrijo,Tatiana T. Carrión,Juan F. Caruzo,Maria B.R. Carvalho Sobrinho,Jefferson G. Carvalho,Catarina S. Carvalho,Dariane A.S. Carvalho,Maria L.S. Carvalho-Silva,Micheline Castello,Ana C.D. Castro,Márcia S. Catenacci,Fernanda S. Cavalcanti,Laise H. Cavalheiro,Larissa Cerqueira,Roberta M. Chacon,Roberta G. Chagas,Earl C.O. Chautems,Alain Chauveau,Olivier Christ,Anderson L. Christ,Jheniffer A. Clark,Lynn G. Coelho,Alexa A.O.P. Coelho,Guilherme P. Coelho,Rubens L.G. Colletta,Gabriel D. Colli-Silva,Matheus Conceição,Adilva S. Conceição,Tulio C. Condack,João P.S. Conde,Maíra L.G. Contro,Fernanda L. Cordeiro,Inês Cordeiro,Luciana S. Cordeiro,Wesley P.F.S. Côrtes,Ana L.A. Coser,Thiago S. Costa e Silva,Maria B. Costa,Daniel S. Costa,Daniela G.A. Costa,Fabiane N. Costa,Fernanda S.N. Costa,Francisco C.P. Costa,Géssica A.G. Costa,Itayguara R. Costa,Jeferson M. Costa,Jorge A.S. Costa,Thiago V. Costa,Tiago S. Costa-Lima,James L. Costa-Silva,Rafael Cota,Matheus M.T. Couto,Dayvid R. Couto,Ricardo S. Couvo,Anielly F. Dal Molin,Luis H. Daly,Douglas Damasceno,Rafaella G.L. Deble,Leonardo P. Delfini,Carolina Delgado Jr.,Geadelande C. Delgado- Salinas,Alfonso Dematteis,Massimiliano Dettke,Greta A. Devecchi,Marcelo F. Di Maio,Fernando R. Dias,Micheli C. Dias,Pedro Díaz,Yani C.A. Dittrich,Vinícius A.O. Domínguez,Yoannis Dórea,Marcos C. Dorneles,Mariane P. Dressler,Stefan Duarte,Marilia C. Dutilh,Julie H.A. Dutra,Valquíria F. Echternacht,Livia Egea,Marcelo M. Eggers,Lilian Engels,Mathias Erkens,Roy H.J. Eslabão,Marcelo P. Espírito Santo,Fábio S. Esser,Hans-Joachim Essi,Liliana Esteves,Gerleni L. Esteves,Roberto L. Ezcurra,Cecilia Facco,Marlon G. Fader,Andrea A.C. Falcão Jr.,Marcus J.A. Fantecelle,Laura B. Fantini,Isabella F. Farco,Gabriela E. Faria,Allan L.A. Faria,Ana P.G. Faria,Aparecida D. Faria,Jair E.Q. Faria,Maria T. Farinaccio,Maria A. Fernandes,Ana C. Fernandes,Rozijane S. Fernandes,Ulisses G. Fernandes-Júnior,Aluisio J. Ferreira,Fabrício M. Ferreira,Gabriel E. Ferreira,João P.R. Ferreira,Priscila P.A. Ferreira,Silvana C. Ferrucci,María S. Fiaschi,Pedro Fierro,Alina F. Filgueiras,Tarciso S. Firetti-Leggieri,Fabiana Fleischmann,Andreas Florentín,Javier E. Florentín,Mariela N. Flores,Andréia S. Flores,Thiago B. Fonseca,Luiz H.M. Fontela-Pereira,Jorge Fontelas,Jean C. Fraga,Cláudio N. Fraga,Fernanda R.M. Fraga,Santiago França,Flávio França,Juliana R.K.G. Francener,Augusto Francisco,Jéssica N.C. Frazão,Annelise Freitas,Fernanda S. Freitas,Joelcio Freitas,Maria F. Fritsch,Peter Funez,Luís A. Furtado,Samyra G. Gaglioti,André L. Gandara,Andréia Garcia,Flávia C.P. Garcia,Nicolás Gasper,André L. Giacomin,Leandro L. Giaretta,Augusto Gibau,Alexandre Gil,André S.B. Gissi,Danilo S. Giuffre,Pamela M.W. Giulietti-Harley,Ana M.G. Giussani,Liliana M. Goebel,Gabriela Góes,Monique B. Gomes,Beatriz M. Gomes,Mario Gomes-da-Silva,Janaína Gomes-Klein,Vera L. Gonçalez,Victor M. Gonçalves,Ana P.S. Gonçalves,Deise J.P. Gonella,Paulo M. Gonzaga,Diego R. González,Favio Gonzatti,Felipe Gouvea,Yuri F. Graham,Shirley A.T. Gregório,Bernarda S. Grings,Martin Groppo,Milton Grossi,Mariana A. Guedes,Juliana S. Guerra,Ethiéne Guimarães,Elsie F. Guimarães,Leonardo R.S. Guimarães,Paulo J.F. Gutiérrez,Diego G. Hall,Climbiê F. Hassemer,Gustavo Hattori,Eric K.O. Hechenleitner,Paulina Heiden,Gustavo Henning,Tilo Hensold,Nancy Hinoshita,Lucas K.R. Hirai,Regina Y. Hopkins,Michael J.G. Hurbath,Fernanda Iganci,João R.V. Imig,Daniela C. Inácio,Camila D. Indriunas,Alexandre Jacques,Eliane L. Jacques,Suara S.A. Jardim,Jomar G. Jesus,Jôane C. Jesus,Priscila B. Jesus-Costa,Cristielle Johnson,David Jordão,Lucas S.B. Kaehler,Miriam Kameyama,Cíntia Kataoka,Eric Y. Kessous,Igor M. Kinoshita,Luiza S. Klein,Viviane P. Knapp,Sandra Koch,Ana K. Koch,Ingrid Kochanovski Jr.,Fábio Kollmann,Ludovic J.C. Konno,Tatiana U.P. Koschnitzke,Cristiana Kotovski,Emília R. Kriebel,Ricardo Kulkamp,Josimar Leal,Eduardo S. Leal,Fernanda A.P. Leite,Áurea C.F. Leite,Wellerson P. Lima,Adenilsa A.R. Lima,Duane F. Lima,Haroldo C. Lima,Jessica S. Lima,Laíce F.G. Lima,Letícia R. Lima,Luis F.P. Lima,Rita B.† Lima,Vanessa L. Link-Pérez,Melanie A. Lirio,Elton J. Lisboa,Décio S. Lobão,Adriana Q. Loeuille,Benoit F.P. Loiola,Maria I.B. Lombardi,Julio A. Longhi-Wagner,Hilda M. Lopes,Jenifer C. Lopes,Letícia O. Lopes,Rosana C. López,M. Gabriela Lorencini,Tiago S. Lourenço,Ana R.L. Lourenço,Arthur R. Louzada,Rafael B. Lovo,Juliana Lozano,Eduardo D. Lucas,Dióber B. Lucas,Eve J. Lüdtke,Raquel Luizi-Ponzo,Andrea P. Machado,Anderson F.P. Machado,Evandro P. Machado,Talita M. Maciel,Jefferson R. Maciel-Silva,Adaíses S. Maciel-Silva,Juliene F. Magenta,Mara A.G. Mamede,Maria C.H. Marchioretto,Maria S. Marinho,Lucas C. Marques,Danilo Marquete,Ronaldo Martins,Angela B. Martins,Márcio L.L. Martins,Milena V. Martins,Renata C. Martins,Suzana E. Martins-Hall,Caroline O. Matias,Ligia Q. Matos,Agnes M.M.V. Matos,Fernando B. Matozinhos,Carolina N. Mattos,Cilene M.J. Mauad,Anna V.S.R. Mayo,Simon J. Mazine,Fiorella F. Medeiros,Débora Medeiros,Erika V.S.S. Medeiros,Herison Medeiros,Maria C.M.P. Meerow,Alan W. Meirelles,Julia Mello,Zelia R. Mello-Silva,Renato Melo,André L. Melo,Caio V.V.D. Melo,Efigenia Melo,José I.M. Melo,Talita M.S. Mendes,Maria C.Q. Mendoza,Moises Meneguzzo,Thiago E.C. Menezes,Cristine G. Menezes,Mariângela Menini Neto,Luiz Mentz,Lilian A. Mesquita,Antônio L. Mezzonato-Pires,Ana C. Michelangeli,Fabián A. Miguel,João R. Miguel,Laila M. Miotto,Silvia T.S. Miranda,Vitor F.O. Molina,José M.P. Mondin,Cláudio A. Monteiro,Daniele Monteiro,Maria H.D.A. Monteiro,Raquel F. Moraes R.,Mónica Morales,Juan F. Morales,Matías Moran,Robbin C. Moreira,André L.C. Moreira,Andréia D.R. Moreira,Bianca A. Moreira,Giselle L. Moreira,Pablo F.F. Morokawa,Rosemeri Moroni,Pablo Mota,Aline C. Mota,Michelle Mota,Nara F.O. Moura,Beryl E.L. Moura,Carlos W.N. Moura,Clapton O. Moura,Ingridy O. Moura,Luíza C. Moura,Osvanda S. Moura,Ricardo L. Moura,Tania M. Mundim,Júlia V. Muniz,Leticia N. Mynssen,Claudine M. Nakajima,Jimi N. Nascimento,Janaina G.A. Nascimento,Silvia M. Nepomuceno,Francisco A.A. Nervo,Michelle H. Nery,Eduardo K. Nicora Chequín,Renata Nóbrega,Giseli A. Nunes,Clebiana S. Nunes,Teonildes S. O’Leary,Nataly Oellgaard,Benjamin Oliveira,Adriana L.R. Oliveira,Ana L.F. Oliveira,Bárbara A. Oliveira,Fernanda M.C. Oliveira,Gleison S. Oliveira,Hermeson C. Oliveira,Iasmin L.C. Oliveira,Juliana A. Oliveira,Lorena C. Oliveira,Luciana S.D. Oliveira,Marla I.U. Oliveira,Regina C. Oliveira,Renata S. Oliveira,Reyjane P. Oliveira,Rodrigo C.G. Orlandini,Priscila Pacífico,Ricardo B. Paixão,Liliane C. Parra,Lara R. Pastore,José F.B. Pastore,Mayara Pastori,Tamara Paucar,Jenny O.A. Paula-Souza,Juliana Pederneiras,Leandro C. Peichoto,Myriam C. Peixoto,Ariane L. Pellegrini,Marco O.O. Peñaloza-Bojacá,Gabriel F. Perdiz,Ricardo O. Pereira,Amanda P.N. Pereira,Andreza S.S. Pereira,Jovani B.S. Pereira,Maria S. Pereira,Paulo E.E. Pereira,Sidney S. Perestrello,Felipe G.M. Perez,Ana P.F. Pessoa,Cleiton S. Pessoa,Clenia S. Pessoa,Edlley M. Petrongari,Fernanda S. Philbrick,Thomas Picanço,Anna C.M. Pietrobom,Marcio R. Pignal,Marc Pimenta,Karena M. Pinto,Rafael B. Plos,Anabela Pontes Pires,Aline F. Pontes,Ricardo A.S. Pontes,Tiago A. Pott,Vali J. Praia,Talita S. Prata,Ana P.N. Prochazka,Luana S. Proença,Carolyn E.B. Prudêncio,Renato X.A. Pscheidt,Allan C. Quaresma,Aline S. Queiroz,George A. Queiroz,Luciano P. Queiroz,Rubens T. Quinet,Alexandre Rainer,Heimo Ramos,Eliana Ramos,Geraldo J.P. Rando,Juliana G. Reginato,Marcelo Reis e Silva,Genilson A. Reis,Miguel M.R. Reis,Priscila A. Ribas,Osmar S. Ribeiro,André R.O. Ribeiro,José E.L.S. Ribeiro,Michel Ribeiro,Pétala G. Ribeiro,Rayane T.M. Ribeiro,Rogério N. Ribeiro-Silva,Suelma Riina,Ricard Ritter,Mara R. Rivadavia,Fernando Rivera,Vanessa L. Rizzo,Beatriz D. Rocha,Antônio E. Rocha,Maria J.R. Rodrigues,Izabella M.C. Rodrigues,Karina F. Rodrigues,Marianna C. Rodrigues,Rodrigo S. Rodrigues,Rodrigo S. Rollim,Isis M. Romanini,Rebeca P. Romão,Gerson O. Romão,Marcos V.V. Romero,Rosana Rosa,Patrícia Rosa,Priscila O. Rosário,Alessandro S. Rosário,Sebastião M. Rosignoli-Oliveira,Letícia G. Rossetto,Elson F.S. Rossi,Lucia Rossini,Josiene Royer,Carla A. Rua,Gabriel H. Sá,Cyl F.C. Saavedra,Mariana M. Saka,Mariana N. Sakuragui,Cassia M. Salas,Roberto M. Sales,Margareth F. Salimena,Fátima R.G. Salino,Alexandre Sampaio,Daniela Sancho,Gisela Sano,Paulo T. Santana,Karoline C. Santiago,Augusto C.P. Santos,Alessandra Santos,Amanda P.B. Santos,Andrea K.A. Santos,Carlos A.G. Santos,Emanuelle L. Santos,Fernanda B. Santos,João U.M. Santos,Karin Santos,Leidiana L. Santos,Matheus F. Santos,Otilene A. Santos,Rafaela F. Santos,Renata G.P. Santos,Thiago F. Santos-Silva,Fernanda Santos-Silva,Juliana Saraiva,Deisy P. Sarkinen,Tiina Sartori,Ângela L.B. Sassone,Agostina B. Scaravelli,Fernanda S. Scatigna,André V. Schaefer,Juliana Scheidegger,Najla M.B. Schneider,Angelo A. Schneider,Layla J.C. Schwartsburd,Pedro B. Schwarz,Elizabeth A. Sebastiani,Renata Segarra,Daniel V. Seleme,Elidiene P. Semir,João Senna,Luisa R. Setubal,Robberson B. Shimizu,Gustavo H. Shirasuna,Regina T. Silva,Aline V.M. Silva,Amanda L. Silva,Anádria S. Silva,,Beatriz N.F. Silva,Caroline C.A. Silva,Cassio R. Silva,Christian Silva,Cintia V. Silva,Diego N. Silva,Fabio A. Silva,Fernanda O. Silva,Gustavo H.L. Silva,Leonardo N. Silva,Marcos J. Silva,Marcus F.O. Silva,Maria S.D. Silva,Nilda M.F. Silva,Otávio L.M. Silva,Renato R. Silva,Saura R. Silva,Tânia R.S. Silva,Tatiane S. Silva,Thaynara S. Silva,Wanderson L.S. Silva-Castro,Milene M. Silva-Cobra,Gisele O. Silva-Gonçalves,Kelly C. Silva-Luz,Cíntia L. Silveira,Fernanda S. Silveira,João B. Silveira,Thamyres C. Simão-Bianchini,Rosângela Simões,Ana R. Simões,André O. Simon,Marcelo F. Singer,Rosana F. Siniscalchi,Carolina M. Siqueira,Carlos E. Smidt,Eric C. Smith,Alan R. Smith,Nathan P. Snak,Cristiane Soares Neto,Raimundo L. Soares,Abel E.R. Soares,Edson L.C. Soares,Kelen P. Soares,Marcos V.B. Soares,Maria L.C. Soares,Polyana N. Soares,Rosane S. Sobrado,Sandra V. Sobral,Marcos Somner,Genise V. Sousa,Danilo J.L. Sousa,Francisco S. Sousa,Gardene M. Sousa,Leandro O.F. Sousa,Mayco W.S. Sousa,Valdeci F. Souza,Aline M. Souza,Bruno P. Souza,Elnatan B. Souza,Élvia R. Souza,Filipe S. Souza,Luzia F. Souza,Marcelo C. Souza,Maria A.D. Souza,Paulo C.B. Souza,Raquel M.B.S. Souza,Vinicius C. Souza-Buturi,Fátima O. Spina,Andréa P. Stadnik,Aline M.S. Staggemeier,Vanessa G. Stapf,María N.S. Stefano,Rodrigo D. Stern,Stephen Streher,Nathália S. Sundue,Michael Takeuchi,Cátia Tardivo,Rosângela C. Taylor,Nigel P. Teixeira,Michella D.R. Teles,Aristônio M. Temponi,Livia G. Terra,Vanessa Thode,Veronica A. Thomas,Wm. Wayt Tierno,Lorena R. Tissot-Squalli,Mara L. Toledo,Cássio A.P. Torke,Benjamin M. Tozzi,Ana M.G.A. Trad,Rafaela J. Trovó,Marcelo Tuler,Amélia C. Udulutsch,Renata G. Uribbe,Fernando P. Valadares,Rodrigo T. Valdemarin,Karinne S. Valente,Emilia B. Valls,Jose F.M. van den Berg,Cássio Vasconcelos,Liziane V. Vasconcelos,Thaís N.C. Vaz,Angela M.S.F. Versiane,Ana F.A. Versieux,Leonardo M. Via do Pico,Gisela M. Vidal Jr.,João de Deus Vidal,Kaio V.A. Vieira,João P.S. Vieira,Tamara A.F. Viera Barreto,Jessica N. Vignoli-Silva,Márcia Vilas Bôas-Bastos,Silvana B. Villarreal A.,Juan C. Vincent,Michael A. Vinícius-Silva,Ronaldo Vita,Marcela D. Viveros,Raquel S. Vogel Ely,Cleusa Volet,Danilo P. Wallnöfer,Bruno Wanderley,Maria G.L. Watanabe,Mauricio T.C. Weigend,Maximilian Welker,Cassiano A.D. Wendt,Tânia Windisch,Paulo G. Zannin,Ana Zappi,Daniela C. Zeferino,Laís C. Zelenski,Andréia Zuloaga,Fernando O. Zuntini,Alexandre R.
Brazilian efforts towards achieving a comprehensive extinction risk assessment for its known flora
Abstract Brazil houses nearly 36,400 native terrestrial plant species. The country is a signatory of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC) and has to develop tools to achieve GSPC targets. Target 2 states that countries must undertake risk assessments of its entire known plant species by 2020. Here, we offer a panorama on how far has Brazil gone towards achieving this target. We compiled data on all risk assessments for plant species ever made in the country and produced the first synthesis of results with respect to these assessments. We found that the Brazilian Red List Authority for plants has assessed the extinction risk of 5,646 species so far, which corresponds to 15.5% of all known flora in Brazil. Among these species, 2,738 (48%) are currently threatened. Those species are distributed across all Brazilian Biomes and states. Families with the highest number of threatened species are Asteraceae and Bromeliaceae. We conclude that Brazil is far from achieving GSPC target 2 by 2020. However, given the enormous flora of the country and the huge amount of effort and resources put into this particular task, Brazil is following a good path towards a reliable assessment of it entire flora.
2018
Martins,Eline Martinelli,Gustavo Loyola,Rafael
The effectiveness of protected areas and indigenous lands in representing threatened plant species in Brazil
Abstract Brazil is signatory of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC), which provides guidelines and directions to existing national policies. This strategy aims to halt the continuing loss of plant diversity through the achievement of 16 outcome-based targets set for 2020. One of these targets (target 7) states that at least 75% of known threatened plant species should be preserved in situ. Here, we assessed the effectiveness of the Brazilian current network of protected areas (PAs) and indigenous lands (ILs) in representing all known threatened plant species. We found that the number of species represented inside PAs and ILs varied according to data type. When using occurrence records, we found that 699 (33%) threatened plant species lie completely outside PAs (and/or ILs) and that 1,405 species (67%) have at least one record inside at least one PA (and/or IL). The number of species unrepresented decreased when we considered polygons of distribution. In this case, only 219 (10%) are supposedly unprotected. Although Brazil is almost reaching GSPC Target 7 in terms of absolute numbers, the government still needs to allocate resources for properly managing and improving the conservation status of its imperiled flora and expand the network of PAs.
2018
Ribeiro,Bruno R. Martins,Eline Martinelli,Gustavo Loyola,Rafael
Ex situ conservation of threatened plants in Brazil: a strategic plan to achieve Target 8 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation
Abstract With increasing rates of habitat destruction and species loss, ex situ conservation is gaining global momentum and reluctance in relying on ex situ conservation is rapidly giving way to a more optimistic, strategic view. Target 8 of the Global Strategy of Plant Conservation calls for at least 75 percent of threatened plant species in accessible ex situ collections, preferably in the country of origin, and 20 percent of them included in recovery and restoration programs. Here, we provide updated information on Brazil's progress towards Target 8 through a nationwide examination of how many threatened species were conserved in ex situ collections in Brazil. Our data comprised whole plants (living collections), seed (seed banks) and tissue cultures (in vitro). Of the 2,113 threatened species, at least 452 (21.4%) species were conserved in ex situ collections, an increase in 4% of living organisms and 96% of seeds when compared to a previous assessment. Since it is unlikely Brazil will achieve Target 8 by 2020, we also discuss public policies and strategies to help overcome key bottlenecks preventing its achievement and propose revised goals for the GSPC 2020-2030.
2018
Silveira,Fernando A.O. Teixido,Alberto L. Zanetti,Marcílio Pádua,Juliano Gomes Andrade,Antônio Carlos Silva de Costa,Maria Lúcia Nova da
Conservation of crop genetic resources in Brazil in the context of the target 9 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation
Abstract Cultivated species, on which humankind depends for survival, have been created by farmers that have crossed and selected wild plants and developed landraces. Early in 20th century, the theory of Centers of Origin of Cultivated Plants was proposed by Vavilov. He also warned the world about the loss of plant genetic diversity due to the dominance of a small number of genetically similar crops, a fact that help starting a movement for the conservation of plant genetic resources. From this time, several strategies and institutions were established around the world to act in plant genetic resources (PGR) conservation. In Brazil, a remarkable player in PGR conservation, some institutions conserve several crop species as well as their wild relatives and other socio-economically valuable plant species. In this paper we present the status of PGR conservation in Brazil as well as initiatives and laws aiming at respecting, preserving and maintaining associated indigenous and local knowledge, in the context of the target 9 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation.
2018
Pádua,Juliano Gomes
Invasive species and the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation: how close has Brazil come to achieving Target 10?
Abstract Target 10 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation establishes that "Effective management plans are in place to prevent new biological invasions and to manage important areas for plant diversity that are invaded" by 2020. The rationale for the target is that invasive alien species are a major threat to native plants, and thus should be excluded from areas reserved for the conservation of plant species, especially when endemic and/or threatened. In Brazil, although most management plans report the presence of invasive alien species and the need for management in federal protected areas, there are only a very limited number of management plans implemented. The national strategy on invasive alien species, published as CONABIO Resolution 05/2009, has not been implemented, so progress on policies and legislation focused on invasive alien species at the federal level has been slow. In order to reach an effective development of public policies in Brazil, federal environmental agencies must function as focal points and be in charge of coordinating actions aimed at (1) identifying priority areas for preventing and managing biological invasions, and (2) managing invasive alien species and reduce their impacts.
2018
Dechoum,Michele de Sá Sampaio,Alexandre Bonesso Ziller,Sílvia Renate Zenni,Rafael Dudeque
Production and international trade: challenges for achieving targets 6 and 11 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation in Brazil
Abstract Target 6 of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation of the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity states that by 2020 at least 75% of production lands in each sector will be managed sustainably, consistent with the conservation of plant diversity. Target 11 stipulates that by 2020 no species of the wild flora will be threatened by international trade. Both targets, therefore, are related to production, consumption and trade, which must be sustainable if the targets are to be achieved. Here we examine Brazil's progress in achieving these two targets. We focus on the three economic sectors of agriculture, cattle raising and forestry, which are historically responsible for most of the native-ecosystem conversion in the country and in South America. Brazil has set a number of innovative policies for moving these sectors towards a sustainable path. However, the country needs to put these policies into action to generate tangible results. The results of all efforts so far are mixed. Whereas ecosystem conversion due to the expansion of rural production and the volume of illegal international logging trade have been reduced significantly, the absolute number of hectares of native ecosystems converted into cropland, pastureland or planted forests remains high, especially in Amazonia and the Cerrado. In addition, the number of species threatened by illegal timber exploration remains high mainly in Amazonia and the Atlantic forest.
2018
Scarano,Fabio Rubio Silva,José Maria Cardoso da
Indigenous and traditional knowledge, sustainable harvest, and the long road ahead to reach the 2020 Global Strategy for Plant Conservation objectives
Abstract Global strategies under the scope of CBD are important in guiding policies and resources for the conservation of biological diversity. This paper emphasized the need to develop actions under the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC) with measurable results up to 2020, regarding the status and perspectives related to Targets 12 and 13, focusing on the Brazilian context in order to identify gaps and actions to achieve the goals for conservation and sustainable use of plants. It should be noted that Target 12 also covers logging, not necessarily directly related to indigenous peoples and traditional communities, but may threaten their livelihoods. In Brazil, scientific knowledge about the ecological effects of the harvesting of non-timber forest products is still limited, and few studies have contributed to the establishment of legal regulations for collection and management. With regard to target 13, which concerns traditional and indigenous knowledge about plant use and the dependence of these peoples on plants, there are still a lack of integrative and effective policy initiatives. However, considering the negative political context of recent decades and exacerbated in recent years in relation to biodiversity conservation and indigenous peoples and local communities, profound changes are necessary in the Brazilian scenario, with strong support and recognition for indigenous peoples and local communities, so that any objective related to the achievement of the goals of the GSPC is minimally achieved.
2018
Hanazaki,Natalia Zank,Sofia Fonseca-Kruel,Viviane Stern Schmidt,Isabel Belloni
Education and training in Brazilian botanical gardens: are we achieving GSPC targets?
Abstract Engage, educate and raise public awareness of the importance of plant diversity is the means through which plant conservation can be achieved. The Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC) is a programme to halt the loss of plant diversity and recognize botanical gardens as a partners. This paper investigates the implementation of targets 14 and 15 GSPC in Brazilian botanic gardens specially in education and awareness about plant diversity and trained people. A survey was carried out on the institutional websites of 21 gardens registered in the National System of Botanical Gardens Registration to identify actions that follow the guidelines of these two targets. Websites outdated, difficult access and lack online resources for the public shows us that internet tools are poorly used to divulgation. The target 14's activities performed in most gardens are educational visits and environmental interpretation and explore collections in situ and ex situ from representative species of regional flora. Trained people is held in all gardens but some stand out as important research centers and graduate programs. Despite the efforts Brazilian botanical gardens need improve the public communication and develop strategies to measure the targets progress.
2018
Cerati,Tania Maria
A Network-wide visualization of the implementation of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation in Brazil
Abstract This paper describes a visualization approach of the existing network available in Brazil to achieve the targets of the Global Strategy for Plant Conservation (GSPC) for 2020 in Brazil. The approach uses the Brazilian National Biodiversity Strategies and Action Plans and other key documents to identify and map institutions, roles and actions related to each of the GSPC targets. The visualization was generated using the Gephi, an open source software for exploring and manipulating networks. The visualization presented shows some GSPC targets supported by an effective network of institutions, but also GSPC targets that lack of proper support. This visualization approach may be useful to indicates gaps, opportunities for new actions and areas where network linkages may be extended to achieve the GSPC targets more fully in other countries too.
2018
Dalcin,Eduardo Jackson,Peter Wyse
Flora do Ceará: Pontederiaceae
Resumo Pontederiaceae está representada no estado do Ceará por 10 espécies, distribuídas em quatro gêneros: Eichhornia, Heteranthera, Hydrothrix e Pontederia. O gênero Eichhornia foi o mais representativo com cinco espécies: E. crassipes. E. diversifolia, E. heterosperma, E. paniculata e, pela primeira vez, E. paradoxa está citada para o estado. O segundo gênero em número de espécies foi Heteranthera, com três espécies: H. oblongifolia, H. rotundifolia e H. seubertiana. Os gêneros Hydrothrix e Pontederia encontram-se representados, cada um, por apenas uma espécie: Hydrothrix gardneri e Pontederia parviflora. As espécies predominam em ambientes aquáticos temporários, porém as espécies submersas (Heteranthera seubertiana e Hydrothrix gardneri) são mais comuns em riachos e rios perenes. Incluem-se neste estudo, chaves de identificação dos táxons, breves descrições das espécies, mapa da distribuição geográfica e ilustrações.
2018
Sousa,Danilo José Lima de Campelo,Maria Jaciane de Almeida Matias,Lígia Queiroz
Flora do Ceará, Brasil: Cleomaceae
Resumo Apresentamos um levantamento florístico de Cleomaceae no estado do Ceará, como parte do projeto "Flora do Ceará". O estudo baseou-se na análise dos caracteres morfológicos de espécimes depositados nos herbários EAC, HCDAL, HST, HUEFS, JPB, MOSS, R e UFRN, bibliografias especializadas, fotos de materiais-tipo, além de coletas e observações de campo. Foram registradas dez espécies pertencentes a cinco gêneros: Cleome (C. microcarpa), Gynandropsis (G. gynandra), Hemiscola (H. aculeata e H. diffusa), Physostemon (P. guianense, P. lanceolatum subsp. lanceolatum, P. rotundifolium e P. tenuifolium) e Tarenaya (T. spinosa e Tarenaya curvispina). Dentre estas, Tarenaya curvispina é uma nova espécie, e Gynandropsis gynandra e Physostemon tenuifolium representam duas novas ocorrências para o estado. Em território cearense, as espécies estão associadas a ambientes úmidos (floresta ombrófila densa) e secos (floresta estacional semidecidual de terras baixas, savana estépica e floresta estacional decidual).
2018
Carneiro,José Arthur Arcanjo Rebouças,Natanael Costa Ribeiro,Rayane de Tasso Moreira Gomes,Fernanda Melo Miranda,Roberta da Rocha Soares Neto,Raimundo Luciano Loiola,Maria Iracema Bezerra
Flora do Ceará: Turneraceae
Resumo É apresentado o levantamento florístico da família Turneraceae no estado do Ceará, Brasil. Foram reconhecidos dois gêneros e 22 espécies: Piriqueta com sete espécies e Turnera com 15, das quais Turnera reginae é uma nova ocorrência. De modo geral, as espécies apresentam ampla distribuição, sendo frequentemente encontradas na vegetação da caatinga, carrasco, cerrado, floresta ombrófila e tabuleiros litorâneos, associando-se principalmente a áreas abertas e antropizadas. São apresentadas fotografias, chaves, descrições, comentários gerais e mapas de distribuição das espécies no Ceará.
2018
Rocha,Lamarck Nogueira,José Walter Araújo Figueiredo,Marlene Feliciano Loiola,Maria Iracema Bezerra
Passifloraceae sensu stricto de Minas Gerais, Brasil
Resumo Neste trabalho são apresentadas as espécies de Passifloraceae stricto sensu do estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. A família encontra-se representada por dois gêneros, Mitostemma, apenas com M. glaziovii e Passiflora com 52 espécies representantes dos quatro subgêneros: três espécies pertencentes a P. subg. Astrophea, 12 a P. subg. Decaloba, duas a P. subg. Deidamioides e 35 a P. subg. Passiflora, totalizando 53 espécies, das quais, quatro novas citações para o estado. São apresentadas descrições, fotos, dados de distribuição geográfica e comentários taxonômicos das espécies de Passifloraceae ocorrentes em Minas Gerais.
2018
Imig,Daniela Cristina Milward-de-Azevedo,Michaele Alvim Cervi,Armando Carlos