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GADIG, O. B. F. et al. Dados sobre Squatina dumeril (Chondrichthyes, Squatinidae) no Brasil, com comentários taxonômicos do Gênero Squatina em águas brasileiras. Arquivos de Ciências do Mar. Fortaleza, v. 32, 1999, p. 133-136.

The thesis entitled "Três Ensaios em Macroeconometria" is composed of three chapters. The first chapter applies a dynamic panel model to analyze the convergence rate of growth of GDP per capita, non-linear approach using a threshold effect for the twenty-six Brazilian states plus the Distrito Federal during the period 1985-2005. The results indicate the existence of two convergence clubs, one formed by the states that are in the regime of low income, formed by the Northeast region, north (with the exception of the state of Amazonas) and the state of Goiás, while other club consists of those who are in the regime of income, formed by the states of South and Southeast, over the states of Mato Grosso, Mato Grosso do Sul and Distrito Federal. The second chapter presents a formulation of common trends in the variables real GDP, nominal interest rate Selic, money supply of M1 and IPCA inflation rate, to extract a measure of core inflation with features foward-looking. After determining the core inflation for the IPCA, we tested the conditions for a measure of core second Marques et al. (2003) along with two other core measures provided by the Banco Central do Brasil. Finally, we tested the accuracy of forecasts out of sample made by these measures to the IPCA. The results confirm that the measure of core inflation by common trends have a good predictive power. The third chapter tests the hypothesis of purchasing power parity (PPP) in Brazil during the period 1985 to 2008 by applying the unit root tests in panel with cross section dependence presented in Moon and Perron (2004) and Pesaran (2007 ). We tested the index of inflation INPC for nine metropolitan areas: Belo Horizonte, Belém, Curitiba, Fortaleza, Porto Alegre, Recife, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo and Salvador. The results show a change in persistence after the Plano Real. While in the period of high inflation the PPP is satisfied, the period of stabilization of prices to PPP is not satisfied. This result is strengthened by examining the descriptive statistics of the data.

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This research is in the field of Education History, specifically on culture of school material. It covers the formation of concepts of school buildings in Brazil, from the end of the 19th century to the first decades of the 20th century, specifically focused on the 1920’s and 1930’s, when there was social conflict between traditional and modern trends, in Architecture, as well as in Pedagogy, and also in Economy and Politics. The focus is on the 1922 public education reform process in the state of Ceará, as a condition for the establishment of educational spaces. This research highlights the contributions and changes due to this reform on the understanding of the meaning of a schoolhouse, questioning to what point schoolhouses built in this period, specifically in Fortaleza, were satisfying the ideal of modern education. The work analyses the period that preceded the 1922 Public Instruction Reform, from a comparative perspective, regarding various aspects and procedures, that involved a type of school and more representative school buildings; the study also reconstitutes the material memory of public elementary educational institutions in Ceará; and identified changes in architectural standards in schools, as well as factors related to educational equipment location in Cities. The study reveals that the educational organization called granular school of elementary education, characterized by multiple classrooms, with classes of various levels and one instructor for each class, first appeared in Ceará in the 1900’s; and its architectural materialization occurred with the creation of school groups, which emerged in the first two decades of the republication phase, more concentrated in the 1930’s. This research was based on printed documents and photographs, legislation, regulations and codes, as well as the History of Education and Architecture and, when possible, oral history. Three types of architectural concepts for educational buildings were identified: 1. buildings as a representation of erudite architecture; 2. “convenient” buildings; 3. “functional” or standard project buildings. There is an articulation of school space with teaching aspects and methods, even though there is evidence of oscillation in teaching, between the influence of Traditional Pedagogy and Active School, the latter being a modernizing trend in line a new national republican project, which would be created along with the fight for a New School, but would not be limited to this, specifically due to disputes between those that defended secular and confessional teaching. Keywords: History of Education. Educational architecture. Educational reform. School Groups.

The transformation that is happening in the global world provokes changes in social segments like educational, economical, cultural and health, contributing to instability condition in modern life. In this context, a lot of people desire to escape, destroying the old order or creating a new and better world, for retired to an interior world or utilizing for that, psychoatives substances. The act of consuming drugs, licit or illicit, is big at present and is a challenger in areas like health, human, social, educational and law, that is trying to understand how information and preventives steps can be living for population. In this point we detach that The Family Health Program is trying to visa promotion`s action and prevention of popular health but should give a support and guarantee paradigms changes, of practices and results in health area. This study had like objective; learn social representation of the health professional team Family Health Program in Pirambu, about psychoactives drugs the city of Fortaleza. This study made use of investigation methods, qualitative analyses and was structureted in theoryc-methodologic points of the Social Representation Theory. The instrument utilized to collect dados, was an interview, utilizing a recorder with people authorization. The dados take analysis conform Bardim (1977) method. The PSF professionals make use of law speech, trying to make then understand their preventive actions with no vinculum in health practices. To this professionals, seems exist, representation of naturalization and vulgarization of illicit dugs consumption, in this community. The professionals try to rectify the illicit drugs costumers. Social representation of the PSF professionals seems characterize the illicit drugs costumers like out of social life with subjective characteristics of citizen, denying their selves. When the consume occur in teenage, this practices are denied in PSF because the professionals` speech is about law. So, it is important to say that the social representation needs orientation to rebuilding social relations for this professionals and society helps for change costumers’ reality.

This paper has as main subject to present an overview on environmental, social and economic conditions of Gilbués, a State of Paiuí southeast region. Officially recognized as a “núcleo de desertificação”, (desertification nucleous) this area shows severe soil degradation, caused by the sum of rain erosivity and soil erodibility. From a climatic point of view two main factors differentiate Gilbues and semi arid regions: the values of the aridity index, and the values of the inter annual rain variability index are both significatively lower than the ones of the semi arid regions. Besides intense natural morphogenesis the Gilbulés area presents predatory forms of traditional cattle raising and diamond mining activities. We hope the information presented here could subsidises future scientific research on Gilbues region.

Leptospirosis is a zoonosis of increasing interest within the Public Health area, caused by microorganisms of Leptospira gender. In this study, clinical and epidemiological features of infections transmitted by leptospira were reviewed, as well as the environmental and social factors included in Fortaleza?s urban space, from 2001 to 2004, according to data obtained from the notifications and obit reports information systems (SINAN and SIM). The research verified that this disease is more likely to affect male people, in productive age (20 to 49 years-old), and with low professional qualification. Most common clinical features were: fever, myalgia, headache, jaundice, nausea and vomit, diarrhea, and renal failure. April was the month when leptospirosis and its resulting obits most occurred, which can be associated to the high pluviometric index. State hospitals were responsible for 79.6% of hospitalizations. The disease was spread in 69.7% of the districts, and among these 31.3% registered obits. All of the six Region Executive Departments (SER?s) registered the illness, and SER V showed the higher number of cases. Socio-economic aspects of the population, district environmental degradation over time, uncontrolled urbanization process, mostly in the areas where infrastructure lacks, and basic sanitation, and unsuitable habitations collaborated to increase the disease in Fortaleza.

O estudo geomorfológico da zona costeira do Estado do Ceará permite estabelecer relações entre formas e depósitos herdados de períodos geológicos anteriores ao Presente, bem como das tendências evolutivas atuais, cada vez mais perturbadas pelas influências de usos sociais. Principalmente baixa e arenosa, a faixa costeira do Ceará se organiza em três zonas - a zona litorânea, a zona marítima e a zona costeira propriamente dita. Na zona litorânea atuam as águas marinhas e os agentes correspondentes (correntes, marés, vagas), criando formas específicas (praias, falésias, pontas litorâneas, barreiras, estuários). A zona marítima, onde a dinâmica das águas marinhas atuou no passado geológico criando planícies litorâneas e lagunas, hoje abandonadas, precede em direção ao interior a zona costeira, cujo substrato é de origem continental (os chamados Tabuleiros). Em todo esse conjunto ocorrem dunas e lagoas interdunares e costeiras. Formadas em condições litorâneas ou continentais e associadas a oscilações do nível do mar e subidas e descidas da linha de costa em um margem continental fracamente inclinada - cuja formação remonta à abertura oceânica cretácea -, a faixa sedimentar na qual se acha inserida a zona costeira latu sensu começou a ser modelada no Terciário, ao sabor de oscilações climáticas com tendência semi-árida cada vez mais demarcadas e de flutuações eustáticas, assim como por aportes detríticos intermitentes entrecortados por epsódios de dissecação fluvial. A essas variações responderam múltiplos episódios de formação de sistemas de flechas litorâneas, barreiras e ilhas-barreira, falésias, praias e campos de dunas, os quais continuam a evoluir em função de flutuações do meio e, mais recentemente, de intervenções sociais. Essa perpétua mobilidade coloca-se também como uma fonte de fragilidade

Diante da crescente consolidação da medicina de viagem a presente pesquisa tem como objetivo identificar as situações de vulnerabilidade à saúde de viajantes em área de caatinga tendo como referencia um Parque Nacional localizado no sudeste do Piauí, BR. Os públicosalvo foram os grupos dos informantes (condutores de visitantes, gerentes/responsáveis por hospedagens e profissionais de saúde) e dos visitantes (brasileiros e estrangeiros). Utilizou-se procedimentos da metodologia qualitativa e da metodologia quantitativa. Os instrumentos de coleta de dados qualitativos foram as técnicas da observação-participante e de entrevistas informativas semi-estruturadas, focando na dimensão objetiva desta abordagem. Na coleta quantitativa utilizou-se questionário misto auto-aplicável pelo visitante. Foram identificados três grupos de visitantes: (1) os brasileiros da região nordeste, em excursões e em grupos pequenos; (2) os de outras regiões; e, (3) os estrangeiros. Foram identificadas quatro situações de vulnerabilidade: (1) durante a visita ao Parque (2) no trajeto para o Parque; (3) na hospedagem; e (4) na chega do visitante de seu local de procedência. O grupo de visitantes de maior vulnerabilidade foi o de brasileiros da região nordeste, notadamente das excursões. Os incidentes mais “prevalentes” foram picadas de abelhas; acidentes com cactos e problemas associados à escada, ocorridos principalmente com os brasileiros. As situações relacionadas a problemas de saúde mais citados foram crises de hipertensão entre os brasileiros da região nordeste e diarréia entre brasileiros de outras regiões e estrangeiros. As pessoas de excursões e grupos familiares locais têm potencialidades de adoecimento elevadas ou mesmo maiores do que as procedentes de outras regiões ou países. Outro aspecto distinto foi o menor potencial para o adoecimento quando comparado ao potencial para ocorrência de agravos. Estudos vêm chamando atenção para a importância de se considerar os acidentes e demais incidentes como ameaças aos visitantes em ambientes não-familiares. Não se pode deixar de considerar a disseminação de informações consistentes e a consulta de saúde pré-viagem, sem as quais é possível incorrer em procedimentos indevidos, desnecessários e que poderiam, inclusive, ter um efeito inesperado ou negativo. A saúde de viajante, não se restringe à medicina de viagem ou à saúde pública, mas envolve os setores responsáveis pelo planejamento de políticas de desenvolvimento e incentivo do turismo, principalmente em ambientes naturais, que deverão considerar, a saúde como um aspecto de sustentabilidade deste segmento turístico.

O planejamento ambiental incorpora-se cada vez mais como um agente e instrumento fundamental para os processos de desenvolvimento sustentável. A análise efetivada busca criticar os três tipos de modelos desenvolvimentistas existentes no estado do Ceará, a partir do denominado "Governo das Mudanças", e o "Alternativo". Desenha-se os padrões de uso de cada um dos modelos, compondos critérios de caracterização de impulsos de desenvolvimento, relações urbano-rurais, tipos de ações, dimensões(espacial, regional e cultural, agentes sociais e impactos ambientais envolvidos. Após uma interpretação crítica de cada um dos modelos, demonstra-se que qualquer que seja o modelo de desenvolvimento aplicado, o Planejamento Ambiental surge como um instrumento valioso ao se pensar estratégias de uso e exploração dos recursos naturais e serviços ambientais.

In this paper, we exploit the symmetry properties of fourthorder cumulants to develop a new blind identification algorithm for multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) instantaneous channels. The proposed algorithm utilizes the Parallel Factor (Parafac) decomposition of the 4th-order cumulant tensor by solving a single-step (SS) least squares (LS) problem. This approach is shown to hold for channels with more sources than sensors. A simplified approach using a reduced-order tensor is also discussed. Computer simulations are provided to illustrate the performance of the proposed identification algorithms.

In this paper, we consider the problem of estimating the physical parameters that describe a multipath MIMO communication channel model characterized by specular reflections due to remote scatterers. Using the impulse response channel coefficients, we introduce a channel model based on a 3rdorder tensor structure that admits a Parafac decomposition with rank equal to the number of propagation paths. The alternating least squares (ALS) algorithm is used to estimate the channel spatial and temporal signatures and the multipath parameters are then extracted by means of MUSIC-like subspace algorithms, enabling us to recover the transmit and receive angles as well as the path propagation delays of the MIMO channel, without ambiguities. Computer simulation results are shown to illustrate the performance of the proposed ALS-MUSIC estimation algorithm.

Based on the assumption that, in essence, capitalist and socialist development models do not seek environmental sustainability, this papers has sought to perform an analysis displaying the site associated with the notion of local development based on the discussion of sustainable management and development.

The article argues the possibilities to relate geography education and to the challenges of the culture of the practical media and its of external formation to the pertaining to school environment. It makes a critical one gone deep of the restrictions to discipline of the geographic knowledge, considering an opened position more to the interchange with knowing of the common sense, journalism and tourism. It also presents an educational set of examples that contribute to revert the speeches and behaviors that tend to keep the barrier between the school and it’s the outskirts; The reader to the recognition invites of that the communications sciences educate and form citizens of form more efficient than very closed the pedagogical works.

Since the beginning of HIV epidemic in Ceará, disseminated histoplasmosis (DH) has been detected more often among aids patients. In order to know better clinical and laboratorial features, follow up and survival analysis of DH/AIDS co-infection, 134 medical records of inpatients with DH and 119 of patients without DH, from a reference hospital of Ceará, from 1999 to 2005 were analysed. The data was obtained from admission through two years later. Univariate and multivariate analisys of clinical and laboratory data was conduct with SPSS version 10.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL). Kaplan-Meier and Log-rank tests were used for survival analisys. Most (71,6% with DH and 79,8% without DH) of patients were men. The mean ± SD age of the patients was 35,5 ± 8,9 years and more than 90% of the patients had very low incomes in both groups. Twenty six patients (50%) with DH had a previous hospital admission for non tuberculosis respiratory infection compared to 13 (22.8%) patients without DH (p<0,05). Patients with DH had more fever (94%), daily (92,7%), higher than 38.5°C (78,6%), chills (41,1%), cough (77,1%), weight loss (89,9%), diarrhea (68,9%), vomiting (47%), enlarged liver (43,2%) and spleen (24,2%), skin lesions (14,9%) and jaundice (14,4%) (p<0.05). At hospital admission patients with DH had lower white cell count (4594,5±3873,6 versus 6030±3986cells/mm³), platelet count (121.737±101.054 versus 218.739±130.320cells/mm³) prothrombin time (56,6±17,6 versus 73,8±18,2%) and CD4 cell count (78,3±105,1 versus 112,3±114,5cells/mm³),as well as higher levels of serum creatinin (1,63±1,63 versus 1,16±1,19mg/dL), serum urea (60,9±59,6 versus 39,7±35,8mg/dL), LDH (4249±4248 versus 605±654UI/L), AST (245±289 versus 60±50UI/L), ALT (138±409 versus 43±40UI/L) and alkaline phosphatase (409±475 versus 205±257UI/L) (p<0,05). Hemoglobin8g/L and CD4 cell count100cells/mm³ were more common in DH pactients (p<0,05). Respiratory failure (RF) and sepsis were more common complications in DH patients (p<0,05). The diagnosis was maken mostly through direct microscopy (72,4%) and or through culture (49,3%) of biological material. Death during hospital stay was higher in DH patients (32,8% versus 25,2%) (p=0,213). At hospital admission, DH risk factors for death were: vomiting, dyspnea, respirophasic chest pain, RF, hemoglobin8g/L, serum urea≥40mg/dL and serum creatinine≥1,5mg/dL (p<0,05). Multivariate analysis showed hemoglobin8mg/dL, serum urea≥40 mg/dL at hospital admission as independent risk factors for death, with 10% significance level. DH relapsing was noted in 21.8% of cases during the study period and 64,7% of them died. Survival analysis showed significant higher mortality in DH group during the first month (p<0,05); afterwards the rate of death was similar in both groups. In conclusion, patients with DH had higher fever, more previous hospital admission for non tuberculosis pulmonary infection, more clinical complications compared to patients without DH. And had anemia (hemoglobin<8g/dL) and elevated serum urea (urea≥40mg/dL) as independent risk factors for death.

MEDEIROS, Abda de Souza. Cosmologias do rock em Fortaleza. 2008. 124f. Dissertação (Mestrado em Sociologia) – Universidade Federal do Ceará, Departamento de Ciências Sociais, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia, Fortaleza-CE, 2008.

Infant mortality has shown, recently, a significant reduction of its magnitude, however is still characterized as a serious public health problem. The component of neonatal and post neonatal analysis, permit define appropriate specific strategies of action with the objective to reduce these deaths. The main objective of this study was to analyze the cohort of newborns living in Fortaleza, in the year 2004 to 2006, and identify areas of risk factors and components of infant mortality. We used the technique of linkage of records contained in the Mortality Information System (MIS), Hospital Information System of the SUS (SIH / SUS) and the Information System on Live Births (Sinasc). It is estimated the coefficients of post-neonatal mortality and neonatal variables of the main vital systems. We identified risk factors for the components of infant mortality, with use of bi variety analysis and calculation of relative risk. A spatial statistical analysis was performed using the empirical Bayesian method. The results obtained using the procedure of linkage allowed the improvement of the information contained in the SIM. The recovery of the records of deaths notified the SIM, through SIH / SUS has achieved an increase in infant mortality in 3.9%, and can retrieve information of deaths in 40 districts. The infant mortality rates, neonatal and post-neonatal mortality in Fortaleza were respectively 18.5, 12.2 and 6.3 per thousand live births. As to the characterization of neonatal death and post-neonatal period, there was a higher proportion of birth and death of men. The coefficients of neonatal and post-neonatal mortality showed a higher magnitude in children born premature, respectively, 115.4 and 23.8 per thousand live births. The risk factors that showed a higher association with neonatal mortality were prematurity, low birth weight and births occurring outside the hospital. For post-neonatal mortality, the variables were more strongly related birth outside the hospital and prematurity. As the spatial distribution of infant mortality, it is perceived contrasts between relevant areas of worst and best conditions. In several areas of worse socioeconomic conditions were found low mortality rates, on the other hand, areas of better conditions showed high mortality rates. It was the existence of heterogeneous spatial pattern for neonatal mortality and post-neonatal, seeing is districts with high rates near the neighborhood of low rates.

Schistosomiasis mansoni of African origin is known to expand in Brazil through the slave trade in the period of colonization by the arrival of blacks coming from endemic areas of those continents. Pirajá da Silva (1908) was responsible for the first record of human infection with S. mansoni in Brazil. The distribution of the disease could only be known in Brazil as the first national survey, conducted by Pellon & Teixeira in 1950. In this investigation we examined the states of the Northeast and Minas Gerais State, whereas the prevalence of schistosomiasis estimated 10% of the population of the endemic area studied in the country. In Ceará,states the survey was carried out by Alencar in 1948 and 1949. Among counties that had higher levels of positivity can point Pacoti (31.4%) and Redenção (62.2%). The main objective of this study is to characterize the epidemiological evolution of schistosomiasis in focal areas of the State of Ceará, with emphasis on surveillance and control, from 1977 to 2007. This is a retrospective descriptive study, by time series analysis using secondary data aggregated by municipalities of the endemic and potential endemic area of Schistosomiasis in Ceará, and also the site of the outbreaks and description of control. The study was conducted using secondary data from 1977 to 2007, divided into three periods from 1977 to 1986, from 1987 to 1996 and from 1997 to 2007. In the first two periods were analyzed for PCE worked municipalities in Ceará, and last time the survey was conducted in the regions of Ceará state, and Cariri Caririaçu, which are considered the main focal areas for schistosomiasis. They were worked with greater frequency by the PCE during the proposed period.The results were presented through a historical, political and epidemiological view of schistosomiasis mansoni in Ceará state. About the historical aspects, was made a bibliographical survey of the disease existence in the period from 1920 to 2007. It is noteworthy that from 1997 to 2007 showed the permanence of targeting the disease, with overall mean prevalence of 1%, although it was found cities with prevalence above 10%. In relation to the political analysis has been conducted since 1950, when we performed the first survey coprological nationwide, which led to the creation of the campaign against schistosomiasis and Special Program for Schistosomiasis Control (PECE) who lost the character of specialty and became Control Program Schistosomiasis (PCE). About the epidemiology aspects in the 31 years analysed there was an average prevalence below 5%. It is important to note that from 1997 to 2007, there was no significant difference by sex among patients with schistosomiasis and 85.3% showed low intensity of infection. Schistosomiasis mansoni in Ceará state continues to present itself as a serious public health problem. The decentralization of monitoring and control of diseases now to municipal administrations, has become more serious since the non- prioritization of this disease in these instances, although the magnitude of the problem.

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