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Este texto aborda por médio de la ficción, la cuestión del enfrentamiento entre judíos sefaradies y orientales y la élite ashkenazi hegemónica por la definición de la identidad nacional del Estado de Israel. Este enfrentamiento es representado por los personajes de Michael Sommo, un judío argelino y Alex Guideon, hijo de pioneros de Europa Oriental, dos de las figuras centrales en la tramadel romance A caixa preta (La caja negra), publicado por Amós Oz en 1987.

Between 1963 and 1964, the Brazilian intellectual Guilherme Figueiredo – playwright, novelist and critic – traveled to Israel, the new-born nation of fifteen years. The book Deus sobre as pedras: Israel, published in 1965, is the result of that travel. The report contains many subjects relating to Israel, provided explanations on the formation of the state, the dramatic criticism of Israeli authors, explaining how they formed the kibbutzim. The purpose of this communication is to discuss and analyze this report, based on: the descriptions of historical sites visited by the author, criticism and interpretation of Israeli national culture in training and dialogues and workshops that the author has with Brazilians who have lived in Israel – conversations in which the main subject was the comparison between the Brazilian culture and Israeli culture in training.

The Brazilian writer Erico Verissimo traveled to Israel with his wife in April 1966, invited by Israeli Ministry of Foreign Affairs. The notes made by Verissimo during the route through the major israeli cities were turned into the book Israel in April, written and published three years after the trip. The writer sent to his publisher, along with the handwriting of the opus, a letter in which he showed that his intention when he began writing the book “was ‘to paint’ Israel with the playful carefree joy of an artist on vacation”. However, during the work, he realized that he was making “dangerous questions” like “Who are the Jews? A race? A people? An entirety of tribes connected by a common religion?” Then Verissimo let the common sense prevail and went back to his “painting”. In this paper we intend to study the book Israel in April, analyzing how the writer’s carefree view mixes together with the critical eye of the intellectual when reporting his impressions in Israel.

In the Hebrew Bible, the phenomenon of war is portrayed as having a direct connection to God. The divine protection of the people of Israel is at the root of biblical theology. In David Grossman’s A Woman Flees (Isha borachat min ha-bessora), as in Homeric poetry, the realities of war and warriors are contrasted with the realities of common people, and the narrative creates a vast abyss, separating these two spheres. But, as opposed to what happens in the Bible as well as in the Iliad, the war depicted in this novel is not subject to any kind of divine interference or belief, be it pagan or retributive as in biblical theology.

The main difficulty faced by immigrants in Israel, especially in the 1950s, and particularly by those coming from Morocco, was the concept of melting pot, the forced conception of forging the average Israeli by imposing that they gave up the symbols and traditional values they brought along in order to absorb the values and symbols of the society in which they started living and with which they were to be merged.

This article catalogs some contemporary Israeli artists and their artwork in Israel.

Este artículo pretende ofrecer unaidea panorámica de la obra Israel Ba-Golá”del historiador Ben Zion Dinur, a partir de los diferentes períodos existentes en la historia judía. Para Dinur, el grande idealizador del Museu del Holocausto Iad Vashem, em Jerusalém; los diversos tiempos de la historia judía precisan ser analizados por intermedio de dos grandes grupos o categorías: épocas de estabilidad, creatividad y desarrollo socio-cultural y económico; y épocas de disminución del proceso creativo del Pueblo Judío.

O aromafresco,da verbena,da citronela,das folhasde luísa,de hortelã.

E haviaaquele pequenoe forte menino,Oz,docementebrincando,no seu verão,na calmado kibutz,sob o olharcomplacentee amorosoe seus avós.

Resenha a: GROSSMAN, David. Alguém para correr comigo. Trad. George Schlesinger. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2005. 440p.

Resenha a: GROSSMAN, David. Desvario. Trad. George Schlesinger. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2003. 328p.  

Resenha a: ÊXODO. Trad. Ludovico Garmus. Introdução de David Grossman. Tradução da introdução de José Antônio Arantes. Rio de Janeiro: Objetiva, 1999. 120p.    

Resenha a: GROSSMAN, David. Mel de leão: o mito de Sansão. Trad. Tova Sender. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2006. 136p.

Resenha a: GROSSMAN, David. Duelo. Trad. George Schlensinger. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2010. 136p.

Resenha a: GROSSMAN, David. A mulher foge. Trad. George Schlesinger. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2009. 656 p.  

Resenha a: GROSSMAN, David. Ver: amor. Trad. Nancy Rosenchan. São Paulo: Companhia das Letras, 2007. 530p.

Babel

Mundo louco

The Fantasy, according to some theories – such as proposal by, for example, Todorov – has some continuity and consistency, migrating from the medieval perception of the world to the realm of Science. But the question is not so simple, since the elements of these two fields establish a dialogue whose essence cannot be reduced to a plain upgrade / transfer, since both the medieval fantasy and science fiction are not limited to the neutral and empty forms. Therefore the work of Robert Sheckley provides a rich and large reflection on the Fantasy and its political use, because his narrative scenography, with scientific trace and space set design, gives the message an ironic meaning more directly.

A person’s surname is a constitutive part of their personality, which incidentally allows us to revise and trace their family history. Most people inherit or receive their surname from their parents, which precludes the possibility of choosing one for themselves. However, there are individuals who choose to change their surname for various reasons, such as a change of country of residence or ideological reasons. In the present work I endeavour to explain how the process known as Hebraization took place, from the first mass immigration until a few years after the declaration of the State of Israel. The aims of this research are the revision of the causes that gave rise to this ethnolinguistic phenomenon, the description of the methods utilized for the Hebraization of surnames, and finally an analysis of the relation between names and the identity of a people.