RCAAP Repository
Fair of family farms at Alto Jequitinhonha
Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar a comercialização da produção da agricultura familiar nas feiras livres de cinco municípios do Alto Jequitinhonha, Minas Gerais. O estudo se baseou em consulta à literatura e bancos de dados, e em pesquisa de campo com feirantes. Os resultados indicam que feiras livres geram parte importante das rendas desses municípios e dos agricultores, e que a diversidade de produtos ofertados nas feiras contribui para manter hábitos alimentares territorializados, reunindo segurança e soberania alimentar. No entanto, existem desafios constantes: prédios dos mercados municipais, transporte, rodovias e abastecimento de água carecem de ações e cuidados públicos. Assim, investimentos pontuais e regulares poderiam contribuir para estimular esses circuitos de negócios que valorizam os atributos produtivos do território. Palavras chaves: Feiras livres. Agricultura familiar. Comercialização agrícola. Vale do Jequitinhonha.
2020
Cruz, Maria Sirlene da Ribeiro, Eduardo Magalhães Perondi, Miguel Ângelo Oliveira, Daniel Coelho de Costa, Heloísa de Moura
The piece wage in coffee cultivation in the intermediate geographical region of Varginha-MG
The piece wage category, analyzed by Karl Marx in The Capital, is current to discuss labour in coffee cultivation in the intermediate geographic region of Varginha, located in the south of Minas Gerais state, which has its economy structured in the coffee production for more than a century. During the harvest period, most coffee pickers are paid for the productivity of their work, i.e. for the amount of coffee harvested, characterizing the salary per piece. Thus, we analyzed the way in which this type of remuneration promotes the intensification and exploitation of labour in the agrarian conjuncture of southern Minas Gerais. Bibliographical research, documentary analysis, fieldwork and semi-structured interviews provided the theoretical-methodological framework for this study.
2020
Vilas Boas, Lucas Guedes Crocco, Fábio Luiz Tezini
Agroecology and peasant territorialities in Campo do Meio – the state of Minas Gerais
Nesse trabalho é feita uma discussão sobre a luta pela reforma agrária em Campo do Meio, no Sul/Sudoeste de Minas Gerais, tendo o conceito de território, e mais especificamente a territorialidade, como lentes de análise. A importância desse tema reside no fato de que Campo do Meio possui um dos mais expressivos conflitos pela terra no Brasil atual, envolvendo o Movimento dos Trabalhadores Sem-Terra (MST) e empresas vinculadas à Usina Ariadnópolis. Analisar as dinâmicas territoriais atinentes aos acampamentos e assentamentos rurais pode contribuir com a leitura sobre a possibilidade de a reforma agrária criar alternativas ao modelo do agronegócio canavieiro. Compuseram os procedimentos metodológicos: i) levantamento bibliográfico e documental; ii) trabalhos de campo em áreas de produção ou comercialização agroecológica coordenadas pelo MST e; iii) uso do Banco de Dados da Luta pela Terra (DATALUTA) e do Sistema de Recuperação Automática (SIDRA), do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) para a interpretação da Questão Agrária no Sul/Sudoeste de Minas Gerais. Conclui-se que nos acampamentos e assentamentos coordenados pelo MST têm sido desenvolvidas territorialidades agroecológicas, o que demonstra o potencial da reforma agrária em contribuir para a soberania alimentar em âmbito regional.
2020
Coca, Estevan Leopoldo de Freitas Santos, Leonardo Lencioni Mattos Silva, Rodrigo de Paulo Medeiros de Freitas, Isabelle
DATALUTA land foreignization: advances and theoretical and methodological challenges
Reality is in constant motion and makes us need to move forward in certain debates. Faced with a global context of convergence of multiple crises or crisis discourses (food, environmental, climate, energy and financial) and global geopolitical changes, the land rush is intensifying. It is in this scenario that the land foreignization category of the Land Struggle Database (DATALUTA) is created. Thus, this article aims to discuss about the creation of the category DATALUTA Land foreignization, as well as explore its theoretical and methodological advances. In these seven years of research, DATALUTA Land foreignization has gone through different processes that reverberate in its qualification.
Conflitos territoriais e impactos socioambientais na bacia hidrográfica do Rio Preto, Maranhão - Brasil : Territorial conflicts and socio-environmental impacts in Rio Preto water basin, Maranhão – Brazil
Given the different conflicts of land use and occupation present in the Rio Preto/ Maranhão river basin, more specifically associated with the model of assisted space appropriation between the peasant population and the growing activity of the agribusiness industries present, we directed the discussions to the presentation of the main environmental impacts related to the industrial activity present in the basin. So, we chose as research procedures the literature review, fieldwork and statistical analysis using geoprocessing operations to make the map of conflicts in the water basin, using the Geographic Information System (GIS). The results show that the conflicts that materialize in the study area are directly related to the expanded reproduction of capitalism and that, in the last two decades, the municipalities of Urbano Santos, Santa Quiteria do Maranhão and Belagua stood out with the highest number of conflicts. We conclude that the land-use models in the study area, by not considering the fragility relationship of natural systems, significantly changes the stability of fragile systems such as the Cerrado biome, compromising not only the permanence of the natural system itself but also the subsistence of the peasant population that uses this biome as part of their survival. Thus, the present article sheds light on how conflicts occur, giving us subsidies for the elaboration of public policies for the prevention of territorial conflicts and the reduction of environmental impacts.
2021
Gusmão Soares, Idevan Araujo dos Santos, Luiz Carlos Nogueira de Melo, Silas Célia de Oliveira, Regina
Rural territory: the origin of the concept and current academic research
This article is a study of the origins of the concept “Rural Territoriality” having as start point documents that are at the ground of the territorial policy of the Brazilian Agrarian Development Ministry – ADM – and the academic research the followed it. This survey dealt with a bibliographic research in some internet sites and academic research archives. From those availables were selected Google Scholar, Domínio Público (Public Domain), SCIELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online), Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations and the IPEA – Economic Research Applied Institute. The first step was a survey of the names of the main scholars that anchor the ADM policy. The further step was an analysis having basically as issue a search for the idea that is at underground of this concept. This research gave way three categories: some authors see the concept from an internal scenario; other’s ones envisage the concept from an external scenario; and, lastly, some researchers dealt with the concept from the point of view of a discussion of territory as a geographic concept.
2020
Genovez, Patrícia Falco Morais, Michelle Nunes de
Decolonizing indian territories: the retomadas Guarani Kaiowá – Mato Grosso do Sul/Brazil
This article aims to analyze the struggle for the land of indigenous movements in the actions of retaking territory. This research consisted of a documentary analysis of the Reports of the DATALUTA BRASIL NETWORK, the Land Fighting Database, Mato Grosso do Sul, 2012 and 2013. The categorization was performed through content analysis, with the creation of two thematic categories. : 1) Guarani Kaiowá retakes: a form of struggle for the demarcation of territories; 2) Reports from the DATALUTA NETWORK BRAZIL, Mato Grosso do Sul (2012 and 2013): the leading role of the indigenous movement in the retaking of territories. It was found that the Reports analyze the overlap of territorial conflicts, landlord versus peasant conflict in the land struggle, and the contemporary emergence of new conflicts involving businesses, farmers versus indigenous peoples in land and territory struggles. In the years 2012 and 2013 analyzed by the reports and historical series presented from previous years, indigenous peoples became protagonists in the struggles in movements of retaking territories.
The learning process and its relation with the community in multiseriated countryside schools
Este artigo analisa as escolas multisseriadas situadas no contexto do campo, buscando identificar as singularidades desta modalidade de oferta educativa, especialmente os processos pedagógicos e as relações estabelecidas com a comunidade. A investigação qualitativa de cunho exploratório, foi desenvolvida em cinco escolas multisseriadas da região denominada Rota das Terras (RS), a partir de entrevistas, observação participante, fotografias e documentos, analisados sob a perspectiva hermenêutica. Como resultados da pesquisa, salienta-se a expressiva participação da comunidade na escola em atividades pedagógicas e administrativas, o restrito acompanhamento pedagógico aos professores pelas secretarias municipais de Educação e a prevalência da seriação neste contexto. Salienta-se a importância de estudos que proporcionem a visibilidade das escolas multisseriadas, considerando suas potencialidades e desafios enquanto proposta pedagógica, numa perspectiva não hegemônica de Educação.
2020
Macedo Ziliotto, Denise Souza de Vargas Ferreira, Rita de Cassia
Gender and environment in review study of social research on social and environmental inequality in Brazil
The debate on gender and environment is one of the premises of Sustainable Development to achieve the reduction of social inequality. Therefore, the present study proposes to review the literature for gender and environmental studies, with impacts on women's social rights. Data were obtained through a theoretical-conceptual methodological approach, with literature review of the last 10 years focused on social research of qualitative nature. Data analysis and interpretation were based on the search for expressive categories of articles. The results showed that the historicity marked by the patriarchy and capitalist economic political system have reinforced the patterns of gender inequality. Nature as an inexhaustible source of resources, livelihoods and subsistence. In conclusion, despite the importance of qualitative studies in recording diversity in women's daily life, intervention studies are needed to instrumentalize the autonomy and emancipation of women in the countryside, to ensure access to the environment from the perspective of sustainable development.
2020
Mortale, Talita Moreira, Sueli Neiman, Zysman
La investigación-acción en la obra de Orlando Fals Borda: contribuciones para repensar el desarrollo rural
En lo presiente texto, buscaremos entender lo desarrollo rural sustentable a partir de la metodología IAP (Investigación-Acción-Participativa), por medio de la lectura de algunas obras del sociólogo colombiano Orlando Fals Borda, evidenciando sus principales contribuciones para el pensamiento latinoamericano. De esa manera, en la primera parte trabajaremos con un cuadro general abordando la vida y la obra del autor, analizando su trayectoria intelectual e las relaciones políticas en América Latina en un contexto de fuertes transformaciones. En la segunda parte, realizaremos un ejercicio de analice de sus principales obras, destacando algunos conceptos y concepciones, tales como: subversión, compromiso-acción, pesquisa-participante y campesino. Y por fin, tejeremos algunas consideraciones en la tentativa de entender la importancia de la pesquisa participante para el desarrollo rural sustentable a partir de las categorías y conceptos construidos por Fals Borda que se traducen en una síntesis teórica en la cual el autor construye su concepción contrahegemónica, balizada en la valoración de lo que denomina de agricultura campesina.
2020
Cichoski, Pâmela Alves, Adilson Francelino
Territorios campesinos en el municipio de Paranã (TO): lucha y resistencia de la comunidad Angical
Los campesinos, al producir en la tierra, establecen un conjunto de relaciones sociales que tienen sus propias características. En este sentido, la formación socioespacial de una comunidad campesina involucra una serie de relaciones que ocurren con el tiempo, cuyas prácticas campesinas se consolidan y producen nuevos arreglos. Esto ocurre al consolidar la forma de vida intrínseca de clase en lugares donde forman territorios a través de la conquista y la resistencia. Así, el objetivo principal de este trabajo fue analizar el proceso de formación territorial, las prácticas productivas y los elementos socioespaciales de resistencia de la Comunidad Angical en Paranã-To, frente a las adversidades presentes en la comunidad, a través del análisis de documentos, trabajo de campo. , uso de entrevistas semiestructuradas e informes orales. Se observó que la existencia y resistencia del campesinado en Paranã-To es mucho más efectiva debido al protagonismo de los campesinos en vista de la necesidad de acceso y permanencia en la tierra, que por las posibilidades de reproducción social que garantizan las relaciones presentes en el campo, así como El proceso de formación y la permanencia de la Comunidad Angical en Paranã-To involucran temas específicos de lucha y resistencia.
2020
Quirino Tavares, Silvaldo Oliveira Bispo, Marcileia
Deforestación, violencia y reterritorialización en el Noroeste de la Amazonia colombiana
Desde el año 2016, y especialmente después de las negociaciones de paz entre el Estado colombiano y las Fuerzas Armadas Revolucionarias de Colombia-FARC, en este país se viene presentando un aumento dramático de la deforestación, concentrado en el noroeste de su región Amazónica, en donde las dinámicas territoriales han tenido una fuerte influencia y control por parte de las FARC, y que se ha configurado como una frontera de colonización de la amazonia colombiana. Dicho fenómeno ha producido gran atención y preocupación pública, dadas sus implicaciones ambientales, sin embargo, no se ha analizado suficientemente sus causas y consecuencias sociales, las cuales permiten comprender un conflicto que más que ambiental, es socio-ambiental, con profundas raíces en la historia reciente del conflicto armado de esta nación, con diversos intereses sobre el control territorial, y con evidentes conexiones con poderes políticos y económicos, que intentan imponer una proyección y un manejo particular del espacio y la sociedad, haciendo que todo este fenómeno alcance una dimensión territorial más compleja. Teniendo en cuenta dicha motivación analítica, este artículo tiene por objetivo argumentar cómo ese proceso de transformación responde a una lógica de reterritorialización del espacio, que procura establecer una hegemonía para articularlo a las dinámicas económicas de la nación y, por esta vía, alcanzar su control político. Se propone, para esto, un abordaje territorial al análisis de los conflictos, vislumbrándolos como procesos socio-espaciales de naturaleza política, identificando para ello los principales actores e intereses, así como las relaciones del territorio con otros ámbitos nacionales e internacionales.
What are the possible narratives? : theoretical reflections on traditional community
In this article, we propose to discuss the traditional community category in what concerns its classifications and understanding the analytical perspectives convergences of the peasantry and the traditional community. The traditional community category is an action category, which is used as an instrument of struggle to claim and guarantee territorial rights, as well as the reproduction of traditional ways of life. The analytical path was the revision of the theories on the peasantry and traditional community, which are not part of the same analytical aegis, but they are not exclusive. There is a conflict of intentionalities in which the analytical path is defined by the theoretical place intended for phenomena understanding. Keywords: traditional community. Peasantry; Analytical path.
2020
Santos, Lilian Maria Paula, Andréa Maria Narciso Rocha de
Agrarian reform in the Rio Doce Valley (Brazil): territorialization dynamic in the three agrarian reform settlements in Governador Valadares
This article presents territorialization dynamics of three settlements of agrarian reform in the municipality of Governador Valadares, in the Rio Doce valley, Minas Gerais state. Taking the settlements like a territories, we seek, from the perspective of leaders and settlers, understand their territorialization in a time frame based on the dates of occupation, legalization and establishment of settlements. These chronological marks will guide the understanding of the spatial;temporal and socio-spatial configuration of the three settlements, considering the different paths that characterize the territorialization of each one.
2020
Boaventura da Silva, Denis Bretas Vilarino , Maria Terezinha