RCAAP Repository

This work evaluated the healing of experimentally provoked wounds in the tits of 16 nonlactant cows, by using a biological membrane that temporarily substitutes the skin, and by comparing it with the treatment with ointment. In each cow, the membrane was placed over the wound in the front tit of the right side, and the treatment with ointment was done in the hind tit of the right side, too. Clinical observations and histological analyses were performed on the 3rd, 7th, 14th and 28th days after the inflicting of the wound. From the observations it was possible to verify that tits treated with the biological membrane healed one week before those in the ointment-treated group. Furthermore the utilization of the biological membrane enables less frequent dressings.

In case of severe diarrhea, the clinical picture is worsenned by endotoxic shock. In order to evaluate the role of concomitant enteric bacterial infection or bacteremia, 34 dogs with hemorrhagic enteritis due to parvovirus infection were studied. Blood and fecal specimens were cultured, in an attempt to isolate enteropathogens, as well as Campylobacter jejuni. Electron microscopy was done for virus detection. Presence of parvovirus-like particles in the stools confirmed the diagnosis of parvovirus infection, but entheropathogens isolation attempts were unsuccessful. Neither Salmonella sp, nor enteropathogenic E. coli were isolated, while C. jejuni was cultured from five samples of feces from diarrheic dogs. Concerning hemoculture, Pseudomonas sp, E. coli, Alcaligenes odorans and a nonidentified labile non fermenter Gram-negative rod were isolated from severe cases of parvovirosis. Results allowed the conclusion that concurrent bacterial infection did not play an important role on the evolution of the process, but there was aninvasion of normal intestinal bacteria into the blood stream, leading to the installation of endotoxic shock in cases of fatal parvovirus infection.

Foram utilizados doze ovinos mestiços, machos inteiros, com idade média de 17 meses, em ensaio de digestibilidade aparente, segundo delineamento inteiramente casualizado, com dois tratamentos para avaliar-se o feno de Cunhã (Clitoria ternatea L.) cortados com A) 60 dias B) 90 dias de idade vegetativa. Os resultados deste ensaio permitiram concluir que os coeficientes de digestibilidade da matéria seca, fibra bruta, extrato etéreo e o teor de N.D.T. (nutrientes digestíveis totais) foram mais elevados para o feno cortado aos 90 dias, porém a digestibilidade dos extrativos não nitrogenados foi melhor para o feno de 60 dias, enquanto que a digestibilidade da proteína foi semelhante para os dois fenos. Concluiu-se que a Cunhã cortada aos 90 dias de crescimento continua a fornecer feno de boa qualidade.

Twelve male sheep were used, in a completely randomized design, to evaluate apparent digestibility and rumen ciliate protozoa population under different diets: A) corn silage supplemented with 0.050 kg of soybean meal/kg original roughage; B) 50% corn silage + 50% sugar cane supplemented with 0.075 kg soybean meal/kg original roughage; C)sugar cane supplemented with 0.100 kg soybean meal/kg original roughage. Dry matter intake and digestibility of Crude fiber were linearly affected (P < 0.01) by increasing the level of sugar cane in the diets, and they had direct influence in feed consumption and T.D.N. Total, rumen protozoal population was represented by a quadratic regression(P < 0.01), and the average values for total ciliates ml-1 in the rumen contents were 235.01, 196.49 and 514.07 (x103) for treatments A, B and C, respectively. Entodinium genus was always predominant, with 76.8, 62.2 and 89.4% respectively in treatments A, B and C.

Para estudar a resposta superovulatória em cobaias, frente a vários esquemas de tratamentos com diferentes gonadotrofinas, foram utilizadas 60 fêmeas, divididas em 10 grupos de 6 animais cada um. Em uma 1a fase, formada por 6 grupos, cada grupo recebeu um dos seguintes tratamentos: PMSG; FSH-p em dose única; FSH-p em 3 doses; FSH-h; HMG e solução de NaCI 0,9% (grupo controle), respectivamente. Numa 2ã fase, constituída por 4 grupos, cada um recebeu 22 Ul de FSH-h, 15 Ul de FSH-h; HMG e solução de NaCI 0,9% (grupo controie), respectivamente. Nos 3 grupos experimentais da 2a fase foi aplicada também PGF2alfa. Todos os grupos, com exceção dos 2 controles, receberam também HCG. Os 3 primeiros grupos da 1a fase tiveram ovulação bloqueada, sendo que a PMSG causou luteinização generalizada dos folículos e as demais gonadotrofinas induziram luteinização folicular precoce com aprisionamento dos óvulos. Na 2a fase, obteve-se um número médio de ovulações em um grupo e a superovulação de 2 animais. Concluiu-se que a PGF2alfa particpa dos mecanismos de ovulação na cobaia e que é possível obter aumento do crescimento folicular múltiplo com o emprego de FSH-h + HCG e HMG + HCG, associados ou não à PGFsalfa.

Ten Holstein bovines, descendants from Ivanhoe line, have been analyzed. DNAs, purified from leukocytes of those animals, were submitted to Polymerase Chain Reaction technique (PCR) and digested by Hae III and Taq I restriction enzymes. Accordingly, the bovine leukocyte adhesion deficiency (BLAD) genomic diagnosis was established. The tests revealed that 2 animals were carriers and 8 were normal. Since the development of PCR methodology, a fast, practical and efficient way to select bulls in Artificial Insemination Centers has been through detection of carrier and normal animals.

Twelve Quarter horses, descendants from Impressive line, have been analyzed. DNAs, purified from leukocytes of those animals, were submitted to Polymerase Chain Reaction technique (PCR) and digested by Taq I restrictionenzyme. Accordingly the Hyperkalemic Periodic Paralysis (HYPP) genomic diagnosis was established. The tests revealed that 9 animals were carrier heterozygotes (N/H) and 3 normal homozygotes (N/N). Since the development of PCR methodology, it has been possible to diagnose the problem and plan ways to control the spreading of this defective gene in the population, through detection of carrier and normal animals.

The evolution of disease by intraperitoneal inoculation of Mycobacterium bovis (strain AN5) was evaluated in hamsters (Mesocricetus auratus) treated daily, from Monday to Friday, with 30 mg/kg of Trichlorfon given subcutaneously, for a period of 8 consecutive weeks. The criteria used for the evaluation were post infection survival time and quantitative cultures of mycobacteria from spleen, kidney, liver and lung taken at 1, 15, 29 and 45 days after inoculation.Histopathologic examinations were also performed at each scheduled time. Treated and control animals developed progressive disease. The results of quantitative cultures and survival time after inoculation were not influenced byTrichlorfon as related to the evolution of tuberculosis.

In order to assess the Thoroughbred horses nutritional status as to riboflavin and pyridoxine, 10 adults and 30 newborns were investigated. In both adults and newborns, riboflavin intake was sufficient to meet their nutritionalneeds; however, a moderate pyridoxine deficiency was detected amongst the adult horses, but not in the newborns. This findings suggests that a pyridoxine supplementation to adult horses may be necessary to keep their nutritional poise.

The AA have studied 134 hearts of different pure bred dogs, 80 males and 54 females, with no clinical symptoms of cardiac pathology. The main objective of this paper was to observe the frequency and width of the myocardic bridges,after injection of Neoprene latex or gelatine into the coronary arteries. Myocardic bridges were observed in 45.52% of the dogs, more in males (27.91%) than in females (17.91%). The bridges’ width varied from 0.1 cm to 2.3 cm, and the average was 0.89 cm. Ventricles average height was 6.83 cm. The frequency number and width of the myocardic bridges do not depend on the ventricle’s height in a same heart. The frequency, number and width of the myocardic bridges in a same heart do not depend on the ventricle’s height.

Camundongos Swiss, fêmeas, (25-30 g; n = 100) receberam 4 injeções de bussulfano (20 mg/kg, ip) a intervalos de 15 dias (n = 100). Antes do tratamento e após 30, 60 e 90 dias, os animais deste e de um grupo controle (n = 15) foram avaliados quanto ao leucograma, taxa de hemoglobina e hematrócito por meio do sangue colhido por punção retroorbital. Sessenta dias após o início do tratamento, 60 animais sobreviventes do grupo tratado e 15 animais do grupo controle receberam implantes intermuseulares de matriz óssea desmineralizada (MOD-10 mg). No 90s dia (30 dias após o implante) foram sacrificados para exame histológico da medula óssea esternal (MOE) e da resposta osteomielogênica ao implante de MOD. Trinta dias após o início do tratamento observou-se leucopenia, com diminuição do número de granulócitos, linfócitos e monócitos nos animais que receberam bussulfano. O hematócrito e a taxa de hemoglobina apresentaram-se diminuídos no 609 dia. O exame histológico da MOE do grupo tratado revelou hipocelularidade, dilatação dos capilares sinusóides e redução do número de megacariócitos (50%). Os animais controle apresentaram 100% de resposta positiva ao implante de MOD, havendo formação de placas metaplásicas compostas por trabéculas ósseas contendo cavitações preenchidas por células hematopoiéticas. Em 46,7% dos animais tratados observou-se resposta osteomielogênica semelhante à do grupo controle, mas com hipocelularidade e maior componente de adipócitos; 25% apresentaram resposta osteomielogênica tardia e incompleta com menor componente ósseo, maior componente cartilaginoso e ausência de células hematopoiéticas; nos 28,3% restantes a resposta foi negativa.

Due to the scarcity of reports, in Lafin-American and Brazilian literature, related to fungal microbiota of healthy horses, or to the main species of dermatophytes in horses showing suggestive lesions of dermatophytic infections, 175 horses of both sexes and different ages, including purebred horses, crossbreed, or others with no specified breed were divided in 2 groups. Group 1 was constituted by 133 asymptomatic horses without any cutaneous lesions; after dermatologie examinations, horses were submitted to Wood’s Light (48 horses), samples taken by “carpets technique” and later cultivated in Agar Sabouraud Dextrose, Mycobiotic Agar, Trichophyton Agar 3, Trichophyton Agar 5, at temperature of 25°C and 37°C during 30 days. The fungal species isolated were Pénicillium sp (80.4%), Rhizopus sp (62.4%), Aspergillus sp (41.3%), Fusarium sp (40.6%), Cladosporium sp (33.1%), Trichoderma sp (21.0%), Mucor sp (18.0%), Epicoccum sp (12.0%), Mycelia sterillia (8.8%), Rhodotorula sp (7.5%), Neurospora sp (4.5%), Alternaria sp (3.7%), Aureobasidium sp (3.7%), Geotrichum sp (3.0%), Paecilomyces sp (2.2%), Monascus sp (2.2%), Cephalosporium sp (1.5%), Nigrospora sp (0.7%), Scopulariopsis brevicaulis (0.7%) and Trichosporon sp (0.7%). Group 2 was represented by 42 horses presenting suggestive lesions of dermatophytosis, and after being submitted to dermatologie examination and to Wood’s Light (22 horses), hairs and scales or crusts were then cultured. From these, 6 (14.3%) horses were positive for fungal growth identified as Dermatophylus congolensis, and from 3 (7.1%) other horses, Microsporumcanis was isolated. Of the 70 equines exposed to Wood’s Light, false fluorescence was found in 2 horses.

In the present report the biochemical polymorphism of Mangalarga mares hemoglobin, in reproductive age, from Santa Fé Farm, Botucatu, São Paulo, was studied. Animals were classified in two groups, according to reproductive history of each mare; the first group was performed by normal mares (control group) and the second one by animals with reproductive disorders (barren mares). From each animal, around 15 ml of vessel blood were collected. Hemoglobins were typed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, 7% of concentration in the resolving gel, in a discontinuous alkaline (pH 8.6) buffer system. The following hemoglobins phenotypes were found in the control group, with the respective frequencies:A¹--- (2,0%), A¹, A²m+m+ (21,0%) e A¹A² m+m (27,0%). To the group performed by reproductive disorders carrier animals the following results were obtained : A¹--- (10,0%), A¹A² m+m+ (12,0%) e A¹A²m+m+ (28,0%). The difference observed in the A¹--- phenotype between the groups may be due to a probable liaison with hemoglobin locus and another one related with reproductive traits. Besides this fact, tropical environment effects may be acting on this locus, thus leading to obtained results

Foram utilizados 19 cabritos machos e fêmeas, mestiços, com idade de 4 dias e peso médio de 3,09 kg, com o objetivo de avaliar a utilização de sucedâneos de leite sobre o desenvolvimento ponderai de animais desmamados precocemente. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o inteiramente casualizado, em arranjo fatorial (3x2) em que ostratamentos foram: leite de cabra (T1), sucedâneo com proteínas lácteas (T2), e sucedâneo com proteínas de soja (T3), aplicados a machos e fêmeas. Em todos os tratamentos os animais recebiam mistura de concentrados com 14,0% de proteína bruta e feno de coast-cross. O consumo de leite e sucedâneos foi restrito a 1,0 litro/animal/dia. Osganhos diários de peso em T1 (130 g) foram significativamente maiores (p<0,01) que nos demais tratamentos: T2 (55 g) e T3 (60 g). Os cabritos foram desmamados aos 56 dias de idade, com pesos médios de 9,51; 6,61 e 6,30 kg (respectivamente para T1, T2 e T3). O presente trabalho mostrou que o emprego de sucedâneos com leite de vaca e com proteína de soja é inferior ao leite de cabra, dentro de um sistema de aleitamento artificial.

O bagaço de cana-de-açúcar (BCA) foi submetido a três tratamentos, sendo imerso em uma das seguintes soluções: (A) de NaOH (2% peso/volume), (B) de cinzas de madeira (30% peso/volume) e (C) em água. E constituiu 60% da matéria seca das dietas, junto com 40% de concentrados (milho, grão de soja e farelo de algodão), fornecidas em ensaios de degradabilidade ruminal para 6 bovinos com fístulas ruminais. O delineamento foi o “change-ovei” (3x3), adotando-se a técnica de sacos de náilon “in situ". A degradabilidade da MS às 48h foi (p<0,05): (A) = 75,14%, (B) = 34,20%, (C) = 24,26%. A degradabilidade da fração FDN do BCA foi sempre maior (p<0,05) no tratamento (A) do que nos demais; já a degradabilidade no tratamento B foi maior (p<0,05) do que no C, às 72 e 96h. A degradabilidade da FDN às 48h de incubação foi: (A) = 74,01%, (B) = 41,61% e (C) = 35,72%. Concluiu-se que os tratamentos alcalinos (soda e cinzas de madeira) melhoram a degradabilidade ruminal do BCA, sendo a soda superior às cinzas.

Number and distribution of the arteries and veins of the renal hilum in bovines of Hereford breed were studied, after fixation in 10% formaldehyde solution. The arterial branches in the right kidney varied from 3 to 15 and in the left from 3 to 13. The venous roots varied from 4 to 12 in the right kidney and from 3 to 9 in the left. All these vessels were peripherally located.

São apresentados princípios básicos de sistemática filogenética, enfocando como o conhecimento das relações filogenéticas de um dado grupo de animais silvestres é heuristicamente importante para resolver casos veterinários, desde tratamentos até conhecimento da anatomia dos grupos e seus constituintes.

Estudou-se em 134 corações de cães de diferentes raças a localização das pontes de miocárdio, mediante dissecação das artérias coronárias injetadas com solução de gelatina ou Neoprene Látex. Verificou-se que as pontes de miocárdio ocorrem em 90,43% nos ramos da a. coronária esquerda e em 9,57% nos ramos da a. coronária direita. Sua posição foi assinalada em 37,23% na porção dorsal do ventrículo, em 28,72% na média, em 21,28% na ventral, em 7,45% no ápice e simultaneamente nas porções dorsal e média em 3,19% e nas porções média e ventral em 2,13%. Não foram notadas diferenças estatisticamente significativas em relação ao sexo.

Estudaram-se, em 30 fetos e recém-natos de suínos sem raça definida, mediante injeção de solução de Neoprene Látex 450 corado e posterior dissecação, a origem, o número e a ordenação dos vasos tímicos. A porção torácica do timo mostrou-se irrigada por ramos diretos e indiretos oriundos do tronco braquiocefálico, das aa. subclávias, torácicas internas, cervicais superficiais e do tronco tireocervical. Independentemente da origem e tipo, o número total de colaterais variou de 2 a 9, com maior freqüência de 3.

Fecal samples from 119 healthy buffaloes, from 5 farms, diluted in 10% brain heart infusion, were maintained for 3 weeks at 4°C and subcultured weekly onto Mac Conckey agar and Yersinia selective agar with antimicrobial supplement. Yersinia pseudotuberculosis serotype Olll was isolated from only one farm, where an outbreak of yersiniosis was occurring. The bacteria was isolated in 21 of the 25 samples from adult, healthy females and in all the 9 samples from healthy calves. It was not isolated in the samples from other farms, 2 especially, where yersiniosis had been diagnosed 1 and 5 years before. Of the 30 isolates, 14 (46.7%) were recovered from both culture media, one (3.3%) only in Mac Conckey and 15 (50%) only in Yersinia selective agar. Of the 15 isolates recovered in Mac Conckey, 12 (80%) were isolated after 1 week of cold enrichment, 3 (20%) after 2 weeks and none after 3 weeks. Of the 29 isolates recovered in selective Yersinia agar, 22 (75.1%) were isolated after 1 week of cold enrichment, 6 (20.7%) after 2 weeks and 1 (3.4%) after 3 weeks.