RCAAP Repository

This paper reports species of Eurydice (Isopoda, Flabellifera) occurring on the continental shelf of southern Brazil, from lat. 22º00'S. Three species are recorded. E. littoralis (Moore, 1902), is a new occurrence from Brazil. Detailed illustrations and new morphologi cal data are furnished for this species hitherto inadequately described. E. elongata sp. n. and E. emarginata sp. n., are new to science. The flagellar process on the antenna 2, reported in three species of Eurydice, seems to be an exclusively male characteristic, and probably it will also occur in the males of most of the already described species. Genus and species diagnosis are provided, together with a classification key for all species recorded up to date from southern Brazil. All available distributional and ecological infor mation completes the account of each species.

1. São estudados, neste trabalho, os equiurídeos das baías de Sepetiba e da Ilha Grande, Estado do Rio de Janeiro. 2. Os exemplares analisados pertencem a dois gêneros da família Echiuridae Blainville, Lissomyema Fisher e Thalassema Lamarck. 3. É dada a distribuição zoogeográfica dos gêneros conhecidos da família Echiuridae. 4. São apresentadas observações ecológicas e considerações sistemáticas sobre as espécies estudadas. 5. Lissomyema exilii (F. Müller) ocorre tanto no interior de valvas de lamelibrânquios (Ditadi, 1969), como dentro de carapaças de clipeasteróides dos gêneros Mellita e Encope. 6. Na região da Ilha Grande, Thalassema liliae sp. nov. ocorreu preferencialmente em salinidades entre 34,0 e 36,0‰; em águas de fundo com temperaturas entre 22,0 e 28,0ºC e sedimento com média granulométrica entre 2000 e 500 µ; enquanto que Lissomyema exilii (F. Müller), foi coletada em águas com temperaturas entre 22,0 e 24,0ºC, coincidindo com a espécie anterior quanto aos demais parâmetros ambientais.

The prevention of the development of marine fouling during the construction of bridges using the "Prepakt" process is discussed.

Egg development of scaled sardine (Harengula pensacolae) was observed. The fertilized eggs were laid by mature adults in March 1, 1971. Some characteristics of fertilized eggs and plankton eggs are described. Plankton eggs collected during the summer season of 1969-70 suggest that the spawning area of this species is located in the region of Una Grande, Rio de Janeiro.

The distribution, ecology and systematics of the lunulitiform bryozoans of Una Grande (RJ) region are studied. The occurrence of the species is correlated to the granulometry of the sediment and depth. Discoporella umbellata does not occur in silt-clay bottoms. Cupuladria biporosa was found in deeper stations than Discoporella umbellata. This species occurs in highest density than the former.

The distribution and ecology of the lancelet Branchiostoma platae (Hubbs, 1922) in the Ilha Grande (RJ) region are studied.

Some species of marine Isopoda collected in southern Brazil mostly in shallow-water and amongst seaweeds are studied. Five species are discussed and illustrated. A diagnosis is given for each species. Idotea metallica and Synidotea marplatensis are new oc currences for the area, and both have had their geographical range extended to off Rio de Janeiro. The presence of Idotea balthica and Erichsonella filiformis in southern Brazil was definitely asserted. Illustrations of both sexes of Rocinela signata and details about its occurrence in the region surveyed were made.

The capture on November 19, 1970, of a juvenile female of the Basking Shark Cetorhinus maximus (Gunnerus, 1765), 438 cm long, is the first record of this species in the Brazilian Atlantic, at about 24º00' to 24º10' Lat. S, and 45º35' to 45º15' Long- W. The teeth are mostly in three, sometimes two or four, functional series. Vertebral numbers and characteristics: Precaudal - 53; Caudal - 56; Total - 109; Monospondylous - 37; A-values - 167; B-values - 82 (sensu Springer & Garrick, 1964). The gill rakers are well developed and brilliant black.

This paper reports the species of Macrochiridothea occurring up to now on the continental shelf of southern Brazil. Two species are new to science: M. marcusi sp. n. and M. lilianae sp. n.. M. stebbingi Ohlin, 1901, is the third species reported for the area. The genus now comprises 8 species. A diagnosis for the genus, as well as for alI the species is given, together with comprehensive illustrations to permit prompt recognition of the species. Secondary sexual dimorphism is reported for the first time in the genus. A elassification key based on adults is furnished, and remarks or eomments for eaeh speeies are made. The geographie range for the genus has been considerably extended to the north, to about Lat. 23º07'S. General ecological and zoogeographieal remarks are made.

Some data and observations of primary production and hydrographic parameters have been made in the region of Ubatuba (Lat. 23º30'S Long. 45º06'W) during two seasons: summer and winter. The primary production varied from 1.01 mgC/m³ /h to 28.16 mgC/m³ /h in summertime and from 0.24 mgC/m³ /h to 16.24 mgC/m³ /h in wintertime. The phytoplankton production is believed to be controlled primarily by the quantity of nutrient salts and there is a possibility that relatively nutrient-rich deeper cold waters may increase the fertility of the region.

In this review certain basic aspects of techniques established for primary productivity studies are presented. Some emphasis has been given to a critical review of techniques mainly devoted to estuarine and coastal phytoplankton of tropical waters. The contents of this paper have been balanced along the lines of current research in marine primary production but only considering the basic methods needed to determine the primary production and standing-stock of phytoplankton. No attempt has been made to include some sophisticated methods, since the particular aim of the present manual is to become a useful guide for beginners in the field.

São descritos os estádios de desenvolvimento de Serolis completa. O material estudado foi coletado nas proximidades da Ilha Sumítica, Estado de São Paulo (aproximadamente Lat. 23º50'S), entre 30-60 m de profundidade. Todos os estádios foram caracterizados e suscintamente descritos. Determinou-se que: 1 - Serolis completa apresenta 4 estádios marsupiais e 5 pós-marsupiais para as fêmeas, e 6 para os machos; 2 - o ultimo estádio marsupial é idêntico ao primeiro pos-marsupial; 3 - ovos ou embriões de um mesmo marsupio encontram-se num mesmo estádio de desenvolvimento; 4 - os machos sao os primeiros a diferenciarem-se (estádio III), enquanto as fêmeas sao seguramente reconhecidas apenas no estádio IV; 5 - as fêmeas atingem a maturação sexual no estádio V, antes dos machos, que a atingem no estádio VI.

An account based on observations of the reproductive behavior of Serolis polaris is presented. Correlative additional information obtained from the examination of a large number of preserved specimens is discussed. Both the pre-copulatory behavior, and the copulatory position are described. Pre-adult females show sexual escape behavior. The pair of pereopods II are the only clasping appendages utilized in copulation. They are especially morphologically structured to perform this function. Marks, cuts and sores may be produced on the females by the rubbing movements of the clasping pereopods. Experiments show that when mature, males and females do not ingest food. A full discussion of all these behavioral aspects connected with reproduction is provided.

As seguintes espécies de equinodermes sao assinaladas pela primeira vez para o Brasil: Holothuria (Cystipus) af. pseudofossor, Stylocidaris lineata, Clypeaster (Clypeaster) rosaceus, Chaetaster longipes, Luidia barbadensis, Amphiura princeps Ophiophragmus pulcher e Amphipholizona delicata. Cladodactyla crocea e Pseudocnus perrieri foram coletadas apenas ao sul do Rio da Prata. Pseudocnus dubiosus e Chiridota marenzelleri ocorreram na região do Uruguai.

Description, distribution and ecological observations are presented for the following six new Ophiuroidea species: Ophiomastus satelitae sp. n., Ophiomusium anaelisae sp. n., Amphioplus mathildae sp. n., Ophiaoantha brasiliensis sp. n., Ophioleptoplax brasiliana sp. n. and Amphilepis teodorae sp. n.. The species were collected in front of Ilha Grande (RJ), from 50-500 m depth.

A brief outline is given of the results of surface temperature and salinity to the west and southwest of Cabo Frio obtained in August of 1971 with a continuous recording Thermo-Salinograph (Bissett-Berman, Model 6600T). A rapid change was observed in the field distribution of temperature from 21.5-21.9ºC to 15-21ºC, and similary change in the distribution of salinity from 34.1-35.0º/oo to 35.3-36.0º/oo, over a time scale of seven days. The changes were accredited to the process of upwelling at the coastal region under the influence of E and NE winds. The occurrence of a surface counter-current moving upwind was detected. This anomaly, not explained on the basis of the Ekman's classical theory, was qualitatively explained as the result of a horizontal divergence in the wind-stress field.

Mysids collected at Cananéia region (Lat. 25º04'S -25º58'S and Long. 047º54'W -047º57'W) during the period Sept. 1969 - Sept. 1970 have been systematically studied. The following species are redescribed and figured: Bowmaniella (Coifmanniella) brasiliensis Mysidopsis tortonesi, M. eoelhoi, Brasilomysis castroi Metamysidopsis elongata atlantica and Promysis atlantica. The diagnoses are based on characters easily observed and useful to their identification. The geographic distribution is given for all species studied in addition to the zoogeographical distribution of mysids from Brazilian shallow waters.

O isópode marinho Serolis foresti Bastida & Torti, 1970, e pela primeira vez assinalado ao longo da plataforma continental centro-sul do Brasil. Descreve-se o macho, até então desconhecido, e redescreve-se parcialmente a fêmea, com algumas observações morfologicas inéditas. A distribuição geográfica da espécie é consideravelmente ampliada, passando a Lat. 23º S a ser agora o seu limite mais setentrional de ocorrência.

Tres espécies de isopodes marinhos do gênero Serolis Leach, 1818, são registradas na plataforma continental centro-sul do Brasil, i.e., S. elliptica Sheppard, 1933, S. completa Moreira, 1971 e S. similis sp. n.. S. elliptica e pela primeira vez assinalada ao largo do Brasil. S. similis sp. n., espécie nova para a ciência, e devidamente caracterizada e descrita. Características adicionais distinguindo S. Completa de elliptioa são apresentadas. A distribuição geográfica destas espécies e consideravelmente ampliada. O limite norte de ocorrência de S. elliptioa passa a ser a Lat. 23ºS, enquanto que o limite mais meridional de S. completa passa a ser a Lat. 29ºS.

The following species of the isopod genus Serolis are recorded from the continental shelf of southern Brazil: S. exigua Nordenstam, 1933, S. polaris Richardson, 1911, S. foresti Bastida & Torti, 1970 and S. inermis sp. n. S. exigua is for the first time recorded from off Brazil. Both S. polaris and S. foresti are recorded from new localities. S. inermis sp. n., a new species, is detailed described. Remarks are made on the importance and variations of some morphological features. The limit of distribution of both S. exigua and S. foresti is slightly extended northernwards.