RCAAP Repository

Children's art exhibitions between the 1940s and 1960s as a strategy for asserting the importance of Art in educating and developing a child's personality are analyzed. Sources comprised newspaper articles, pictures, children's drawings, reports and other institutional documents. Early 20th century artistic vanguards which advocated the artist's self-expression and the acknowledgement of child specificities by Psychology and Pedagogy enhanced the defense of the child's freedom of artistic expression and the renewal of the concept of Art and Education during that period. From the mid-1940s children's art was focused upon by UNESCO since it represented an integration and fraternity potential among peoples and the desire to construct a renewed human being. Exhibitions were the vehicles for several discourses on the importance of children's art. Within the Brazilian context, Governmental agencies, national newspapers and private companies started to become involved in this factor. Whereas the above mentioned discourses involved the consolidation of an educational behavior based on the unrestricted freedom of children's creative spirit, contrastingly they supported a censorship of themes which were considered unsuitable, such as violence and war, and the need to follow a pre-defined esthetic standard.  

This article analyzes the concepts of teaching and the geographical science in early grades, its practical sprawls and how the development of concepts and pedagogical methodologies on geographic knowledge has generated into a meaningless subject. The purpose of this critical analysis aims at contributing to a reflection around the need to convert Geography into an instrument of reflection, organization and social spacial transformation. Hence, teachers training courses must be guided by the principles of reflection, critics and citizenship upbringing.

In this paper, the authors inquire about the new forms of subjectivity engendered in the contemporary scene and which has had repercussions on the relationship of adolescents and young subjects with high school. As part of the analysis, we focused on the presence of new media in the contemporary world, which have focused significantly on how boys and girls develop their identity and relate to information and knowledge. To that end, sociological theoretical perspectives, psychosocial and educational needs were used, weaving a scenario that presents dilemmas and prospects for young people and teenagers with contemporary practices of schooling that are still present in high school. The authors conclude that for schooling, at this stage of education, to be effected, it cannot ignore the new subjective configurations of these subjects and the new media used by them, which generates new demands for education for current and future teachers.

This article is result from a research on professional-technical high school, focusing to prepare agricultural and cattle technicians. The study aimed to know the model and the professionalization programs, accomplished in the State of Mato Grosso do Sul, during the period of 1974-2001, having as reference the Center of Agricultural Education of Aquidauana (CERA). As reference of analysis, the Foucauldian studies are used and as method, the description of programming standards and behaviors developed in the Institution, enrolled in specific projects of national education. We concluded that these programs were not identical in the studied period, i.e., there were changes in the formation/professionalization that occurred inside the Institution, with justification and appeal to the transformations that occurred in the work market, especially in the 1990s. This type of educational modality and the speeches that have sustained their practices, such as the listed  programs in the education offered by CERA, have contributed for the continuity of an exclusionary educational system, the setting of stereotypes about the individual and collective capacities and the naturalization of the professional high school in the State and the Country.

St. Augustine, the author of several books, including Instruction for catechumens, analyzed in current essay, bases his arguments on the presupposition that all human beings are on a pilgrimage towards the Heavenly Jerusalem. In the book reviewed in the present essay, Augustine shows how the catechist should use mirth and amusement as factors that facilitate the teaching of the Christian religion to people who desire to partake of the latter. Such process shows the manner amusement has a fundamentally important logic with regard to the functioning of social and cultural practices of a particular group within a given historical moment. Actually it is a tool for practical activities on several issues, especially pedagogical ones.

 The field works is still a hard way for the teacher; however, they represent a major step for the study of biodiversity. Our country is considered mega-diverse but teaching this subject is complex. The objective of this study was to outline a protocol for field works so that the teachers can implement it during their lectures about biodiversity. The ants were chosen as study model since they are rich and abundant in most tropical ecosystems. Sardine baits were used in edible oil to collect these insects; and in order to obtain enough volume of biological material to base the discussions concerning the proposed issue three collection expeditions will be required, using 15 baits each.  

Deaf Children, since an early age, require stimulation to develop cognitive and psychological functions. This study aimed to emphasize the importance of representative imitation in deaf children in the context of playing and its implications on human development. The representative imitation leads to the achievement of desires and satisfies the need of interaction with the object and with people, promoting language, cognitive, social development. In the present study, we observed that when the child pretends being someone else she is playing a role, or experiencing another identity, assuming a character in her life, such as being a teacher. Then a zone of proximal development is established, where the privileged partner promotes situations of growth and learning. That is why playing is relevant to improve the skills and the development of the deaf children.

This intellectual production pursues a greater understanding of the issues that pervade the educational scene, especially the quality practices in early childhood education. Investigations are necessary to understand the desire for governance and quality in childhood education, as well as teaching practices of quality and control that occur in school spaces. Quality educational practices are perceived within this framework of government power relations. Quality is not understood as the desire and need of each subject within their social and cultural context, but rather within a perspective of widespread political, economic, social and cultural desires, resulting in a unification that attaches to national educational quality. Thus, the objective is to investigate the legislation and other theoretical frameworks, the school environment and how quality of education plays out in regulatory practices at the kindergarten level, to understand how standardization and school control through governance takes place

This article is the result of research carried out that aimed to understand how is the construction of the identity of the teacher in higher education during his career and professional development and how it may influence the pedagogical actions developed for teacher training. This construction emerges from the confluence of ideas from a field theory combined with field research with three teachers in higher education that has used as instruments for data collection: semi-structured interviews, participant observation and document analysis, analyzed using the technique of triangulation of information. The findings indicate that the training path influences in different ways the teachers' actions, depending on the perspective that each building with respect to its performance and professional development. We conclude that teaching in higher education needs of a project training and professional development group. We point out the way to go through the orientation of communicative rationality

Current essay contributes towards the evaluation of the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) methodology as a didactic strategy in the formation of students capable of critical thought, collective social activities and social commitment. After analyzing the role of education within the context of social change, research highlights that PBL students experience politics, develop the critical sense and are aware of their reality. Through the solution of problems, a microcosm of real life, the students take a stance by refusing any fatalistic ideology of a reality that they know to be indeterminate and is capable of transformation through their own insertion in the world.  

This study arose from the systematization of the content obtained from listening to teachers of the education network of the region of Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul State, about the inclusion of students with Special Educational Needs (SEE) at regular schools. In 2008 meetings were held with the surveyed teachers. These meetings were an open space with appreciation of the spontaneity of each participant, emphasizing the importance of such debate among the participants for a self-training and reflective action on their professional activities (teaching practice). In order to listen to the teachers, we used the precepts of the Freudian-Lacanian psychoanalysis, with a critical and collaborative perspective to identify the position of the professor in the discursive structure of the school, and promote shifts of subjective positions of the teachers in relation to the problems of their students. Finally, we observed that in the construction of inclusive processes we come across obstacles relative to supposed limits and possibilities of the practice (organizational and practical) and to the knowledge about the students with SEE. Thus, considering ourselves as participants, the learning affects and changes us, offering perhaps the transformation of reality. 

This paper seeks to understand the relationship between the thinking of Maurício Tragtenberg and the ideals of the Modern School of Francisco Ferrer y Guardia in the early 20th century, based on the analysis of Tragtenberg’s publications in the journal “Educação and Sociedade” (1978-2008). In these publications, emphasis is given to the approximations between the thoughts of the two authors in defense of an education focused on the interests of the working class, making it a class conscious of the domination processes of capitalist society as well as the possibilities of overcoming them. By denouncing the monopolization of knowledge by private, prejudiced and exclusionary interests – whether religious or in the secular form of the bourgeois state – the education advocated by the authors seeks to lead people through awareness, autonomy and self-management, all of which are necessary for a true democracy. Against training, obedience and ideological manipulation, the authors converge in the defense of an education aimed at freedom, criticism and solidarity

Analysis examines the manner political aspects in foreign language teaching policies in the final years in government primary teaching in the State of Paraná were planned as from the principles suggested by the official document, namely, Primary School Curriculum Guidelines - Modern Foreign Language, that monitors teachers' practice and students' knowledge appropriation. Bakhtin's theories were employed to foreground current analysis. Reflections on Bakhtinian concepts on enunciation, dialogism and polyphony ensued. Methodology consists of case study since analysis deals with a specific pedagogical event. The literature employed in current investigation and the teacher's voices that articulate the elaboration process of Curriculum Guidelines - Modern Foreign Language favors the conclusion that the document is an educational proposal that apparently reveals the collective participation of Foreign Language teachers during its construction. This fact may be surmised by the manner the State Education Secretariat administered the policy activities in the construction process of the above mentioned document.  

Through analysis of some phases and styles in Brazilian popular music that emerged between the 1950s and 80s, this article seeks to identify some alienating biases in the lyrics of songs written in the styles mentioned. The study assumes the concept of alienation found in Marx, translated as a phenomenon involving the alienation of man from his reality, as well as the development of a cultural industry as defined by Adorno. The analysis of lyrics was also part of the Cinema in the University Extension Project of Continuing Education Alumni and Graduates of Vale do Teles Pires Campus. The article points to the need for more observation on the part of society and especially by educators, with regard to alienating traits and/or those intended exclusively for mass consumption, which music production can often assume, keeping in mind a critical analysis of this scenario in order to construct a cultural citizenship.

This article is structured on four thematic blocks: presents a basic understanding and introduction to philosophical hermeneutics; contextualize their emergence and contrast; examine specifically the contribution of speculation for Gadamer's philosophical hermeneutics as understanding; and establishes a reflective approach between hermeneutics and education from its comprehensive scope

This article aims to discuss and analyze media content and use of Information and Communication Technology - ICT in teaching and learning in higher education institutions, reflecting on issues of teacher education. For that, we held a discussion in the literature that presents the difficulties faced by teachers in this new educational reality, raising questions about their training, and how they should act in a way that learning is carried with media students, with support of technologies and media

The objectives of this study were to verify if students of Open University of Brazil approve of mobile learning (m-learning) initiatives, to identify the students' perspectives about m-learning, to develop a model of instructional design for m-learning environments, and to quantify student satisfaction with the presented model. 1,328 students agreed to participate in this study, all students of Open University of Brazil. They were questioned about their perspectives on m-learning at this university and if they agree with this educational model. The students agreed with the possible implementation of m-learning at this university, especially through mobiles phones. Collectively, the main ideas that the students offered to improve the efficiency of knowledge construction were classified into three groups: theory, practice, and interactivity. They also agreed with an instructional design model that was developed and shown to the three groups.

The purpose of this work is to reflect on the current context of higher education in Brazil, providing knowledge of different aspects that prove the importance of ethics in university education and the need to contrast it to the technological development of higher education. For this, at first, we analyze the socio-cultural transformations that occurred in recent decades. The presentation of these transformations makes it possible to know the current trends in higher education from the process of globalization, urbanization, the prevalence of knowledge and internationalization of education. With the passage from the “society of work” to the “knowledge society”, influenced by the development of information technology, started in the mid-twentieth century, knowledge has become a highly marketable commodity. Since then, higher education majors began to be created from the perspective of the market. The opening of the educational market got support in the 1990s, after the implementation of neoliberal educational policies. These initiatives have provided a significant increase in the number of private or private/ commercial HEIs. By understanding this new dynamic that shapes the contemporary world and the influence of public policies in education, this work presents the consequences of the process of commodification of higher education and the challenges faced by universities

In this article we worry at examine some theoretical-ideological and socioeconomic aspects of public policies and education in Brazil, particularly in the context of recent history. These aspects directly involve the state propositions for social policies. The educational policy, therefore, is understood here as a constituent of social policy. The public policies, directly defined and directed by the State, are understood as the result of theoretical-ideological and socioeconomic mediations and are directly intertwined with the process of social production of wealth and, consequently, its distribution and division. The educational policy, particularly undertaken in Brazil since the 1990s, is the articulation and the consummation of economic forces and hegemonic policies that support the propositions which show strong mainstream of liberal or socio-liberal nature and it defines significantly the development of public policies and national education.  

Considering that the use of Augmentative and Alternative Communication Systems (AACS) has been recommended for children who are severely impaired in their development of communicative abilities, it may be assumed that caregivers' attitudes toward AACS would be driven by children's degree of cognitive and linguistic impairments. To verify this, 40 dyads of children with cerebral palsy and their primary caregivers participated in this study evaluating children's degree of cognitive and linguistic impairments through the use of Battelle's questionnaire, and the caregivers' attitudes toward AACS by means of a Likert scale containing 15 items. Results showed that the provider's most negative attitudes toward the use of AACS were found among those caring for children with the most severe impairments.