Repositório RCAAP

The criticism has pointed the narrative The passion according to G.H. as part of a synthesi about Clarice Lispector’ s artistic action and the top of her literary expression. The author’ s action in this novel presents a rupture with the classical form of the novel, once mixes prose characteristic traces with elements from the poetry, to show, in first person G.H.’ s mythic trip around the labyrintine space of its apartment. This article presents a mythic substract analisis in The passion according to G.H., based in the theory of the lyrical novel, postulated by Jean-Yves Tadié and Ralph Freedman.

SALES, Germana Maria Araújo; PAMPLONA, Alessandra Gaia; NOBRE, Izenete Garcia. Leitura: uma felicidade clandestina. Revista de Letras, Fortaleza, v.1/2, n. 29, p. 17-22, 2008.

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This study empirically the role of education, defined by the number of years of schooling of the Population in Working Age in the Brasilian Transformation Industry, on the convergence process of the productivity of labor taken from each state. The period of analysis is determined by census data, available for the 1950 to 1985 period. The theoretical foundation is the Neo-Classical Growth Model, more specifically, the models specified by Barro and Sala-i-Martin’s as well Baumol’s specification. The final results indicate the great contribution of the secondary education relative to 1980 for the increase of the rate of convergence in the 1950/1985 period. On the other hand, the results for the primary education variable, were not significant in the case of the Barro and Sala-i-Martin Model,

Este artigo busca investigar o impacto de políticas públicas sobre a taxa de crescimento da produtividade do trabalho e da produtividade total dos fatores na indústria de transformação nordestina, utilizando a metodologia de contabilidade do crescimento econômico desenvolvida por Solow (1957). São realizados dois conjuntos de regressões. No primeiro toma-se a média das variáveis de incentivo fiscal e de protecionismo no período de 1985 a 1995 em cada gênero da indústria de transformação e conclui-se que o FINOR não teve influência na taxa de crescimento da produtividade do trabalho e na produtividade total dos fatores (TFP). Por outro lado, a tarifa média de importação mostrou-se significante e negativamente correlacionada com ambas as taxas. No segundo conjunto de regressões utiliza-se dados de 1995 dos incentivos creditícios e do número de anos de estudo completados pelos trabalhadores em cada gênero da indústria de transformação nordestina. Mostra-se que a influencia do FNE na produtividade é inconclusiva, e que dos indicadores de educação, apenas a proporção de empregados ligados à produção que possuíam segundo grau completo, apresentou coeficiente significante e positivamente correlacionado com a produtividade total dos fatores .

MORAES, Vera Lucia Albuquerque de ; COUTINHO, Fernanda Maria Abreu. Alô, meu bem : notícias em correspondência. Revista de Letras, Fortaleza, v. 1/2, n. 29, p. 85-92, 2007-2008.

ARAÚJO NETO, Miguel Leocádio ; SILVA, Odalice de Castro. Os incomuns leitores de Clarice. Revista de Letras, Fortaleza,v.1-2, n.29, p. 95-102, 2007-2008.

This work constructs and analyzes an index of total productivity for the states and regions of the Brazil in the period between 1986 and 1995. The used index of productivity is of Malmquist index whose its components can be determined using the theory of the function of random production. The advantage of its use is that it allows decompose the index of total productivity in more two indices: in one of variation of the efficiency technique and in another of the technological variation. Additionally, it is intended to verify if there is convergence in productivity among the units of the federation. Evidences for the majority of the Brazilian states are presented that their earns of productivity had been more explained by technological variation than efficiency variation technique. The productivity levels were calculates in the begin and in the end of the sample period, and arrives the conclusion that the dispersion of the productivity levels had increased among the states and regions and also among the pertaining states the same region. In this sense, seems to have evidences that show that the states and regions are diverging in productivity.

Mensura a Produtividade Total dos Fatores e sua contribuição para o crescimento do produto no Brasil, representado por 21 estados brasileiros no período 1986-1998, bem como analisa a importância do estoque de capital humano como determinante da produtividade. Com os dados dispostos em painel e utilizando o método de Mínimos Quadrados Generalizados (GLS), foram estimadas as elastic idades do produto em relação ao capital e ao trabalho através da função de produção Cobb-Douglas. A elasticidade do produto em relação ao trabalho qualificado foi obtida inserindo o capital humano na função de produção. Com base nestas estimativas, foi mensurada a Produtividade Total dos Fatores, sua contribuição ao produto e a influência do capital humano na produtividade. Os resultados encontrados indicam que os estados de Pernambuco e da região Sudeste ocupam as primeiras posições, tanto em termos de produtividade quanto de contribuição ao crescimento do produto. A elasticidade da produtividade em relação ao capital humano é bastante elevada, confirmando a importância da educação para o crescimento da produtividade.

The relationship between income distribution and economic growth is one ancient topic in economic research. The link of this two phenomena is stated in the famous “inverted U” relation of Kuznets (1955). Recent contributions to this area has being raised by the new theories of endogenous growth that focus on the effect of income distribution and growth. The purpose of this paper is to verify the relation between inequality and growth in the last three decades to the nine states of the northeast region of Brazil. It is shown that the average rate of growth suffers a negative effect from income concentration, calculated by the Gini methodology, and a positive effect from education. This result is in accordance to the international literature and demonstrates the importance of fortifying education to reduce adverse effects that could mitigate the growth rate of an economy.

The aim of this paper is to econometrically evaluate the efficacy of the Industrial Development Fund of Ceará (FDI) regarding its objective of job creation. The analysis comprehends the period 1995 - 2001, where the mechanism of incentives was largely utilized. By means of a data base containing information about firms that received incentives and decided to locate in the state, three different specifications are estimated: a first one, uses only a cross-section of the complete data set and the other two employ the whole sample. To handle the problem of endogeneity inherent to the cross-section model, an unusual instrumental variable is employed: the political configuration in the state and counties. As to the panel data specifications, the endogeneity problem can be handled by means of a fixed effects model. As a general result, the econometric evaluation concludes that the industrial program did not help to generate jobs. This conclusion is important for future elaborations of changes in the industrial policy of the state of Ceará and other states of the northeast of Brazil.

SILVA, Vera Lucia da. Diagnóstico da cadeia produtiva da mamona no âmbito do produtor: caso do Ceará.2009, 137f. Dissertação(Mestradon em logística e pesquisa operacional) - Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, 2009.

Este artigo analisa o crescimento da produtividade dos estados do Nordeste entre os anos de 1977 e 1995. A teoria da fronteira de produção estocástica é utilizada para calcular o índice de produtividade de Malmquist (1953), que pode ser decomposto em dois componentes: as medidas de variação tecnológica e variação da eficiência. Do modelo de produção estocástica obtém-se que a eficiência técnica dos estados aumenta com os gastos dos governos estaduais. Do índice de Malmquist encontra-se que, na média, o crescimento da produtividade total de cada estado se dá muito mais pelo efeito de variação tecnológica do que pela variação da eficiência. Além do mais, nenhum estado do Nordeste consegue deslocar a fronteira de produtividade dessa região.

Verifica os impactos macroeconômicos sobre o bem-estar, através de um modelo de gerações superpostas, de uma reforma tributária ampla, vista como uma reforma conjunta do sistema tributário tradicional e o sistema tributário de seguridade social. As simulações evidenciam que, tendo como ponto inicial o sistema de repartição vigente, as distorções causadas no ambiente econômico minimizam-se quando privilegia a taxação sobre o consumo e a adoção de um sistema previdenciário plenamente capitalizado.

This paper analyses the real and financial determinants of private pension markets. A preliminary exam of a set of variables representing demand, the stock market and the financial market indicated that income per capita and volatility of the stok market are the main forces influencing pension market size.Regression analyses confirms formally this preliminary funding and shows that the former has a direct relation with pension market size whilst the later displays an inverse relation.Moreover, the elasticity of income per capita is about one third of the elasticity of volatility, implying that a steady growth of income combined with stability of the stok market is the perfect environment to the development of pension market.

This paper is concerned with the analysis of the impact that socioeconomic characteristics of individuals and regions, with special emphasis on income inequality, have in the process of repeat property criminal victimization. To accomplish this task,a series of count data models is estimated. The zero inflated negative binomial model performs best, in a series of nested and non-nested inferencial procedures. These econometrics models are applied to a unique data set: the 1988 PNAD. For this specific year only, an additional set of questions provide us with a national sample of victimization, something yet not available again until now. Our results are in close accordance to the international literature, and the estimative concerning the impact of income inequality on repeat victimization is quite strong and robust to the use of different measures and control for cluster effects. The elasticity of the GINI coefficient is positive and the strongest among all variables (0.3666), meaning that increasing inequality leads to more victimizations. The results about the effect of inequality has the potential to offer new insights for security policies at both the federal and state level in Brazil.

Measuring the degree of market power has been the object of many applied studies in the industrial organization field. But, as this paper points out, identification problems arise when we estimate markups from production function regressions using data sets that do not report firm or plant-level physical quantities of output. In a differentiated product industry, the lack of such information introduces an unobserved (price) heterogeneity term. In this paper, I set up an econometric model that controls for this unobserved term and shows that failing to do so leads to spurious markup estimates. I illustrate this result using data from Colombian plants. The results reveal that, if we do not control for (price) heterogeneity, we will find misleading evidence of firms with little or no market power.

This paper considers alternative proofs of the Hotelling’s lemma and Shephard’s lemma using new relations of duality in the theory of the production. The proofs proposals possess two advantages, relatively to the usual demonstrations, which are, not the use of the known enveolpe theorem and the validity of the demonstration for interior points to the production set

This article has as objective to investigate the relation between growth, poverty and inequality in the Brazilian cities. The objectives are: measure the elasticities of the reduction of the poverty in relation to the economic growth and the variation rate of the income inequality; test the existence of nonlinear interaction between the growth and the initial inequality (Bourguignon Hypothesis). We estimate growth incidence curves (GIC) for the cities to analyze the quality of growth. The results suggest that, between the regions, the biggest elasticity of the reduction of the poverty was observed in the Southeast and corroborate Bourguignon hypothesis. The results point with respect to a negative correlation between the elasticity redistribution and the initial Gini and positive between the module of the two elasticities. The GICs disclose that Brazil and no region had presented pro-poor growth in the period. Between the states this happens with Roraima. In the mesorregiões, only 7.35% had presented pro-poor growth while for the microrregiões this number exceeds 11%. The municipal analysis almost discloses to pro-poor growth in 25% of the cities.

Zeolite NaA (LTA) has been successfully synthesized by hydrothermal route, in which kaolim was used as silicon and aluminum source. The obtained zeolite was characterized by X-ray diffraction, X-ray absorption, thermogravimetry (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared absorption spectroscopy (IR), luminescence and granulometry. The X-ray diffraction data refinement by Rietveld method and software DBWS9807 has made possible the confirmation of only one crystallographic phase on the synthesis process and the particle size measurements. Particle sizes vary from 48 nm to 74 nm. Zeolite A morphologic properties were observed by scanning electron microscopy analysis, in which one could observe crystals with different sizes but with the same cubic shape. Na+ ions have been replaced for NH4 +, in a simple ion exchange process. This way, zeolite A has acquired its ammoniac state. The efficiency of this process has been confirmed by infrared analysis, with the appearance of bands in 1402 cm-1 and 1450 cm-1 after ion exchange, and by acid titillation. Zeolite thermal stability, either on Na+ or NH4 + states, has been determined by thermogravimetry. Activation energies for the thermogravimetric process related to weigh loss through volatilization caused basically by water and ammonia liberation from zeolite surface, were from 71,7 kJ.mol-1 to 205,7 kJ.mol-1. Luminescence analysis has indicated that Eu3+, used as probe, is not located in a symmetric center and the sites in which the abovementioned ion is located is not homogeneous. The particle size obtained from granulometric analysis was around 10 m, what indicates agglomerations formed by zeolite crystals. According to calcium removal analyses by zeolite A, it appears as na excellent water softener and as a potential substitute for polyphosphates, frequently used in detergents