Repositório RCAAP

Coleoptera from Bruchinae subfamily can cause several damage to Cordia trichotoma (Vell.) Arrab. ex Steud. (Boraginaceae) seeds, especially at their larval stage. Bruquines biological control occurs at the field by the hymenoptera parasitoid action. The objective of this research was to study the population cycles of the bruquines and the hymenoptera parasitoids associated to them, as well as to relate their occurrence to the meteorological variables of temperature, relative humidity and precipitation. Fruits from seven trees, located in Atlantic Forest biome, municipality of Taquaruçu do Sul, RS, Brazil, were collected between 2015 and 2016. Bruquines were identified as Amblycerus longesuturalis (Pic,1954) and Amblycerus profaupar Ribeiro-Costa, 2000 (Chrysomelidae: Bruchinae). The ovipositions and worms of bruquines were visualized in the fruits of all the carried out sampling. A. profaupar was the most abundant species in both years of evaluation, having its climax on fruits collected in June. Bruquine larvae are parasitized by hymenopterans from genes Bracon, Mirax, Omeganastatus and Triapsis. In general, the high relative humidity favors the oviposition of the bruquines, while the low ones favor the presence of pupae of Amblycerus species in C. trichotoma fruits.

The present work had as objective to evaluate the accuracy of applications, smartphones and measurers in inferring the total height in a planted forest. Thirty trees were randomly selected, measured in a Tectona grandis stand, by three applications (Measure height, Two point height and Hypsometer), three smartphones (Samsung Galaxy S8, S6 and J7) and three measurers. The trees were logged and their real heights were obtained with a tape measure. To assess accuracy, a t-test for independent samples was performed, after verification of homogeneity of variances by Bartlett's test and normality by the Shapiro-Wilk test, all at 95% confidence levels. In addition, graphical analysis of residues was performed, as well as complementary statistics (bias, mean of absolute differences, standard deviation of differences and root of mean square error). We concluded that depending on the application used, there are smartphones that are not indicate for height measurement. The best-performing application is the Hypsometer. Galaxy S6 smartphone presented the best estimate, preferably for the Two point height application. The measurer experience was confirmed as essential requirement in height estimation using applications and smartphones.

This study aimed to evaluate the establishment of Anadenanthera colubrina (Vell.) Brenan var. cebil [Griseb.] Altschul inoculated with mycorrhizal fungi and fertilized in the Pantanal of Nhecolândia, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil. The experiment was established in March 2015 in a deforested “cordilheira” environment, in randomized blocks distributed in micro-relief, with subdivided plots. The main treatments corresponded to seedlings submitted or not (control) to Rhizophagus clarus and Gigaspora margarita mixed inoculation. The secondary treatments were doses of ammonium sulfate and potassium chloride fertilizers. We monitored from 2015 to 2017 the plants the plants under shading from the presence of remnant tree after deforestation, as well as the percentage of survival and growth parameters of A. colubrina. The best survival condition occurred in the portion of relief adjacent to the freshwater lake, under moderate shading, with the application at planting of 15 g of ammonium sulfate and 5 g of potassium chloride per plant. Mycorrhizal inoculation promoted 16% increase in diameter at 23 months of age, not increasing the species survival. We recommend complementary studies to support management strategies of A. colubrina under planting conditions in the Brazilian Pantanal.

The circular saw is a tool commonly used for wood processing. It may be presented at different models. Considering their specificities, they can generate different amount of waste. The objective of this study was to evaluate the generation of waste from Tectona grandis L. f. and Pinus caribaea var. hondurensis, processed with two saws of the multiple type (48 and 36 teeth) and one of the universal type (28 teeth). The cutting process followed in grain direction into ninety samples, 15 for each species and saw, until the sample was completely processed. The processing time was measured and the waste was collected in each operation. ANOVA and test of multiple comparison of averages were applied. The influence of the teeth number and type of saw on the amount of waste generated was verified. The universal saw was the one that generated the highest amount of waste. It reached up to 116% more than the multiple saw, that generated the lowest amount of waste (36 teeth). P. caribaea var. hondurensis generated 7% more waste and presented shorter processing time (22%), when compared to T. grandis.

This study aims to analyze the incorporation of basalt rock dust to a commercial substrate based on pine bark under two light conditions on initial growth of Monteverdia ilicifolia (Mart. Ex Reissek) Biral seedlings. We evaluated four proportions of rock dust: 0% (control), 10%, 20%, and 30% on plants kept unshaded and under 50% shading for 140 days. The unshaded condition associated with basalt rock dust incorporated to substrate presented the higher seedlings growth. Incorporating rock dust in any proportion to the substrate increased stem diameter and biomass, resulting in a greater Dickson quality index (DQI) in unshaded seedlings. The rock dust in a proportion of 10% showed better results in seedlings growth. Moreover, 20% and 30% of rock dust reduced stem diameter, biomass, and DQI, when compared to 10% of rock dust, possibly due to the substrate physical characteristics. We recommend incorporating 10% of rock dust to the pine bark-based substrate for M. ilicifolia seedlings production in an unshaded environment.

Distributional records in Brazil are provided for two psyllid species, Auchmerina limbatipennis Enderlein, documented for the states of Paraná, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina and São Paulo, and A. tuthilli Klimaszewski, for Paraná and Santa Catarina. Host plants for these species are reported for the first time. A. limbatipennis develops on Inga laurina and I. marginata (Fabaceae), and it displays a dimorphism (presence or absence of a distal dark band on the forewing), that is not sexual nor seasonal. A.tuthilli probably develops on Inga spp. As well. For the first time, the immatures of Auchmerina are described.

The large amount of degraded areas and productive potential of the legal reserves in Brazil make restoration an environmental demand and a commercial opportunity. We modelled the diameter growth as a function of age of eight tree species in restoration plantations in the Brazilian Amazon. From 14 years of annual forest inventory data, for each species, we tested variations of logistic function: simple logistic, logistic with covariant (plant area at the time of planting), logistic with random effect, logistic with random effect and covariant. Amongst the studied species, Schizolobium parahyba var. amazonicum, Tectona grandis and Simarouba amara showed the highest growth rates while Cordia alliodora, Cedrela odorata and three species of the genus Handroanthus showed slower growth. The gains from using the covariant in modeling were small for both fixed and mixed-effect models. Gains from the inclusion of the random effect were substantial. Mixed-effect models had the best performance in modeling the growth of the species. Our results provide basis for a critical view of the criteria and possibilities for degraded areas restoration and management practices in legal reserves of the Amazon. An economic analysis is required to ensure the viability of these areas’ sustainable exploitation.

Large-scale regional or national forest inventories collect field data on sample plots systematically- or randomly-distributed, fully or partially covered by forests. This scientific note addresses differences between a prediction of a forest attribute per unit area that also considers land uses other than forest, and a prediction based only on the forested area of a sample plot. The former approach yields a more realistic prediction for the sample point, whereas the latter yields a prediction that is comparable to classical phytosociological studies.

"Effect of different culture periods for Luehea divaricata on micropropagation from shoots", https://doi.org/10.4336/2021.pfb.41e201901921, publicado na Pesquisa Florestal Brasileira, v. 41, 2021.

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Tania Bruguera nasceu em Havana, Cuba, em 1968, filha de Miguel Bruguera, conselheiro político cubano na Embaixada de Cuba em Paris e embaixador no Líbano e no Panamá, e de Argelia Fernandez, tradutora de espanhol-inglês com bacharelado em Ciências Sociais. Tania Bruguera estudou no Liceu Francês durante sua infância e, dos 12 anos em diante, em uma escola de arte em Havana, se graduando pelo Instituto Superior de Arte em 1992. Nos últimos sete anos [1998 a 2005], ela tem vivido em Chicago e em Havana, dividindo o ano entre duas cidades, duas culturas e duas ideologias, “entre passado e futuro”, como ela disse. Essas idas e vindas entre continente e ilha, intercaladas com extensas viagens internacionais, têm aguçado o entendimento de Bruguera sobre o que significa “ser cubano” e o que é necessário para realizar uma obra que seja relevante tanto localmente quanto internacionalmente. “Posso utilizar o mesmo modelo dentro e fora de Cuba?” – ela se questiona. Sua consciência de viver em uma animada matriz política, de consequências ligadas a ações, proporciona a bússola ética à obra de Bruguera. Esse também foi o foco de nossa conversa que começou no último janeiro na Cidade do México e continuou em Miami e em Nova York.

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Fazendo um contraponto com o eixo temático do dossiê desta edição, apresentamos o resultado da pesquisa realizada através de entrevistas com artistas, professores, intelectuais e pesquisadores em geral sobre a questão:“O Que faz de uma obra um clássico?”