Repositório RCAAP

Objective: to understand the vulnerabilities perceived by men in the context of the Covid-19 pandemic. Methods: socio-historical, qualitative study, carried out from the results of online research in all regions of Brazil. The sample consisted of 200 men. The data were processed and analyzed methodologically by the Collective Subject Discourse, supported by the framework of epidemic disease. Results: men perceived the vulnerabilities due to the existence of chronic diseases in them and in the family, the need to maintain a work routine that limits the adoption of social distance, the uncertainties generated by the pandemic, which threatens the maintenance of employment and the professional achievement projects, in addition to the discomfort caused by the interruption of sexual interactions. Conclusion: men’s perceptions of vulnerabilities in the pandemic revolved around health, professionalization, work and sexuality.

Objective: to synthesize the types of actions developed by the multiprofessional team in the primary health care to people with mental disorders. Methods: integrative review, carried out in the databases Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online, via PubMed, Web Of Science, Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde, Base de Dados de Enfermagem, and Índice Bibliográfico Espanhol de Ciências de Saúde. Results: six studies were selected and grouped into the following axes: actions with the use of digital technologies (PyDeSalud.com platform; Partnering to Achieve School Success; Audio computer-assisted self-interview version of the Alcohol, Smoking and Substance Involvement Screening Test) and traditional actions (questionnaires during consultation; intervention in stages; support network to stop smoking). Conclusion: evidences show that traditional or digital actions in mental health are necessary to offer an integral care. The multiprofessional team has the tendency to incorporate digital technologies to care for these people.

Objective: to verify the consumption of alcoholic beverages and the practice of binge drinking among hairdressers. Methods: cross-sectional study conducted with 51 beauty salon professionals. We used a questionnaire with socio-demographic characteristics and about the practices of consumption of alcoholic beverages. For the identification of the use in binge drinking, the key question was guided. Descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was performed. Results: 84.3% were alcohol consumers, 51.0% had between one and ten years of consumption and 72.5% consumed beer. In relation to the use in binging, 37.3% of the sample made occasional use of risk, at least once a month. The highest rates of binge drinking were related to male gender, single and young and the evangelical religion was associated with a lower or no consumption of alcoholic beverages. Conclusion: the data pointed to alcohol consumption and frequent binge use related to likely alcohol dependence.

Objective: to map the use of massage to relieve neonatal pain during procedures performed in Intensive Care Units. Methods: a scoping review conducted in 11 data sources, following the Joanna Briggs Institute recommendations. The question was: what is the knowledge about the use of massage to relieve pain in newborns during painful procedures in a neonatal intensive care unit? 12 studies were selected for the results. Results: therapeutic massage in newborns is positive in reducing the score on pain scales, decreasing heart and respiratory rates, increasing oxygen saturation, improvements in behavioral status, weight gain, neurological development, shorter crying time and performing the painful procedure. Conclusion: massage/reflexotherapy is effective in reducing neonatal pain in intensive care units, being performed on lower limbs, heel, back or at the procedure site, with light to moderate pressure and an average duration of five minutes.

Objective: to estimate the adherence to hepatitis B vaccine in homeless people. Methods: a cross-sectional study with 90 homeless people, with the collection of 5 ml of blood for the detection of antibody against the surface antigen of the hepatitis B virus. Results: of the total, 89 (98.9%) were vaccinated with the first dose; of these, 45 (50.7%) had antibodies against hepatitis B virus surface antigen lower than 10 IU/L; 25 (53.3%) received the second dose of hepatitis B vaccine, and nine (45.8%) participants received the third dose of vaccine. Individuals who were related to both genders were more likely to adhere to the full hepatitis B vaccine schedule. Conclusion: the low adherence to hepatitis B vaccination and the small number of participants with antibodies that confer immunity against this infection were evidenced.

Objective: to characterize the culture of patient safety from the perspective of nursing technicians of an emergency sector. Methods: cross-sectional study, developed in the emergency sector of a state hospital with 175 nursing technicians, from a 12-dimensional instrument on safety culture. The analysis of the data made based on the percentages of positive, negative and neutral responses of each dimension. Results: the culture of patient safety was characterized positively from the dimension Expectations about its supervisor/head and actions promoting patient safety (56.6%); negatively in the sphere Adequacy of professionals (75.5%); and in a neutral way, in the scope of Organizational Learning - continuous improvement (61.1%). Conclusion: it was understood that nursing technicians characterize the culture of patient safety in the emergency sector as an important aspect of the work environment, but that it needs to be optimized.

Objective: to describe the perception and experiences of nurses about their performance during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: qualitative study with phenomenological approach. Fifteen nurses participated in the study, selected according to an intentional snowball type sample. The data were obtained through semi-structured interviews and the transcribed information was submitted to thematic-category content analysis. Results: from the analysis of the participants’ discourse, the following categories and subcategories emerged: lived experiences (negative states; work organization; team cohesion; challenges and norms and guidelines); adopted strategies (individual; team support; familiar and informative) and future expectations (return to normality; adaptation; personal and professional growth; nursing uncertainty and valorization). Conclusion: from the perceptions and experiences of the nurses of their performance in the COVID-19 Pandemic, the negative emotional states, strategies adopted of individual character and future expectations of return to normality are highlighted.

Objective: to analyze the environmental risk for falls among the elderly living in the area covered by a Family Health Strategy team. Methods: cross-sectional research, using, as a data source, 80 forms of environmental risk evaluation of elderly falls. The collected data were transcribed and organized in a computerized spreadsheet, using the Microsoft Excel® program, and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: most elderly’s households were classified as low risk for falls (56.3%) and showed at least one environmental risk (94.0%), being the most frequently found in the bathroom (47.5%), in stairs (46.2%), and associated to light (41.2%). Conclusion: environmental risks were observed in different places of the households, highlighting the bathroom, stairs, and little light in the room, most of them being classified as a low environmental risk for falls.

Objective: to analyze the therapeutic itinerary of stroke survivors from stroke occurrence to rehabilitation. Methods: therapeutic itinerary - route taken by individuals to solve their health problems, of 12 stroke survivors was explored using in-depth interviews and was thematically analyzed. Results: stroke survivors’ routes were influenced by type of stroke and the state of the patient at onset of stroke. Lack of capacity facilitates vacillation from private to the public hospital settings. Entry into physiotherapy was dependent on self-referrals and referrals from physicians who often serve as gatekeeper of patients. Stroke significantly affected social life of stroke survivors, and the extent of stroke impairment and unmet expectations promotes medical pluralism among the survivors. Conclusion: stroke survivors are involved in intricate and lengthy therapeutic itineraries that are characterized by multiple care seeking practice.

Objective: to analyze the length of hospital stay and outcomes of the first hospitalizations due to COVID-19 of women at the beginning of the pandemic. Methods: ecological study with data on COVID-19 hospitalizations of women. Data classification was done by states, regions, age, length of hospital stay, main and secondary diagnosis (underlying diseases), and outcome. Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney, and chi-square tests were used for the analysis. Results: the Southeast region had the highest number of hospitalizations (0.6%). Of the total number of hospitalizations, 14.6% required an intensive care unit. The length of hospital stay of women over 50 years was significant for Brazil (p<0.001). There was an association between length of hospital stay and levels 2 and 3 of comorbidity. Deaths in women over 50 years old were significant in Brazil, Northeast, and Southeast (p<0.001). Conclusion: women over 50 years old with comorbidities are associated with longer hospital stays and deaths.

Objective: to analyze the satisfaction of family members with the social support received during the care of children exposed to human immunodeficiency virus. Methods: cross-sectional study with 87 relatives of these children, in a university hospital. The Satisfaction with Social Support Scale was used. Sociodemographic and clinical variables were analyzed using the Lilliefors, Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney tests. Results: the participants, mostly mothers, showed high satisfaction with the total social support (57 out of 75 points). The average indicated that the satisfaction was high for the support received from the family (80.46), followed by that provided by friendships (72.86) and intimacy (63.36) and low for social activities (55.65). The group classified with income up to R$879.00 presented less satisfaction with social support (average=50,83) if compared with the group of income superior to R$879.00 (average=58,78) (p=0,014). Conclusion: the satisfaction with the social support of the relatives is high and influenced by income.

Objective: to investigate the relationship between gender and age with symptoms of anxiety, depression and cardiac anxiety in patients with implantable cardioverter-defibrillator. Methods: cross-sectional study, with 76 patients with device attended in a university hospital. For data collection, a sociodemographic/clinical form and two validated scales were used in Brazil. In the analysis, the chi-square tests, exact Fischer and Mann-Whitney, with a significance level of 5% were adopted. Results: it was observed that the groups were homogeneous in terms of gender and age. Women presented higher medians in both anxiety and depression symptoms, with statistical significance. They also presented higher medians in symptoms of cardiac anxiety, but without statistical significance. Regarding age, no significant differences were found for the symptoms investigated. Conclusion: women presented more symptoms of anxiety and depression; however there was no relationship between the age of the patients and their symptoms.

Objective: to analyze the practice of disinfection of finger oximeters by nursing professionals. Methods: a quantitative, descriptive, and cross-sectional study with nine professionals in a hospital clinical unit. Eighteen swab samples were collected, internally and externally from each equipment, isolating 51 bacterial colonies for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Results: the professionals were not trained to disinfect the equipment. Eight carried the oximeters in their lab coats, and one carried them on a tray. They rarely disinfected the inside of the device fearing the 70% ethyl alcohol would damage the sensor. In 17 samples, different bacterial genera grew. 17.7% were multidrug-resistant to antimicrobials. Conclusion: it was observed that Nursing professionals don’t disinfect finger oximeters correctly. The use of 70% isopropyl alcohol is recommended to disinfect the sensors, since it doesn’t damage the equipment, and 70% ethyl alcohol to sanitize the patients’ fingers before and after the tests.

January 2020. The world has woken up to a worrying reality. The city of Wuhan, capital of the province of Hubei, China, was struggling with a new virus with enormous transmission capacity. COVID-19 is a severe respiratory disease caused by the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome virus (SARS-CoV-2), first identified in December 2019 in Wuhan

Objective: to verify the preoperative fasting time in children undergoing elective surgical procedures. Methods: cross-sectional study, carried out with information obtained from 20 children’s medical records, submitted to descriptive and inferential statistical analysis. Results: the median fasting time was 8.03 hours. The shortest time recorded was 7 hours and 45 minutes and the longest 17 hours and 30 minutes. School children had the longest pre-anesthetic fasting time. In 16 cases, fasting after midnight was prescribed. There was no statistically significant difference between fasting time and the variables age groups and surgical specialties. No correlation was found between the child’s age and fasting time. Conclusion: the median fasting time was shorter than that found in other studies. The patients fasted for longer intervals than recommended. Fasting time was not related to age group, surgical specialty, and age of the child.

Objective: to analyze the use of elements of effective nurse-patient communication in the light of the Transcultural Interprofessional Practice model. Methods: an integrative literature review was carried out in the CINAHL, LILACS, MEDLINE, SCOPUS, and Web of Science databases, without a time limit. Results: 12 studies were analyzed, most of them published in the English language, in 2017. Two categories were elaborated: effective verbal and non-verbal communication between nurses and patients. The elements of effective verbal communication were presented as speech and language; non-verbal ones presented as signals, distance, eye contact, time, touch, listening, empathy, and patience. Technology-assisted communication was part of both. Less frequently, the verbal communication process was hindered by language and non-verbal communication due to a lack of time availability. Conclusion: effective communication favors the establishment of trust, interaction, and the nurse-patient relationship.

Objective: to analyze the relationship between quality of life and presence of common mental disorder in caregivers of children who need special health care. Methods: cross-sectional study with 87 caregivers of children with special health care needs. A sociodemographic questionnaire, the World Health Organization Quality of Life-bref and the Self-Reporting Questionnaire were used. Descriptive statistical analyses were performed based on frequencies and inferential with Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis and Spearman’s Correlation Coefficient tests. Results: mean rank differences were found in the relationship between responsible caregiver and common mental disorder; caregiver has some grievance, undergoes psychopharmacological treatment and psychological monitoring and the physical and general domains of quality of life and common mental disorder. Moreover, there was an inverse correlation between the domains of quality of life and common mental disorder. Conclusion: the lower the socres in the quality of life domains, the higher the development of common mental disorder in caregivers.

Objective: to identify gender differences in suicide mortality in Northeastern Brazil. Methods: the deaths from suicide recorded in the Mortality Information System were analyzed. The Chi-square (x2) for independence and odds ratio tests were used. The time trend was evaluated by the Joinpoint method. Results: in the period studied there were 27,101 suicide deaths in the Northeast, with a predominance of the male gender (79.5%). Adolescent women, with high schooling, widows, and divorcees are more prone to suicide than men. The male gender is more likely to use firearms and hanging, while the female gender uses more smoke, fire and flames and self-intoxication to commit the act. The most significant increase in mortality was among men (3.1%; p<0.05). Conclusion: there was a greater prevalence and tendency to increase suicide among men, as they use more lethal means to commit the act compared to women.

Objective: to investigate the variables that interfere with total physical inactivity in overweight women. Methods: cross-sectional research that collected sociodemographic data, self-perceived health, self-efficacy for physical activity, weight, and height in 142 women. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire was used to evaluate physical activity. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used. A 5% statistical significance level was adopted. Results: the prevalence of total physical inactivity was 34.5%. A significant association between total physical inactivity and age was found in the bivariate analysis. In the multivariate analysis, only women with regular and poor self-perceived health showed an increase of 124% and 150%, respectively, of total physical inactivity. Conclusion: physical inactivity was associated with regular and poor self-perception of health, being a health parameter for the development of health promotion policies and actions.

Objective: to analyze the caregiver burden and the quality of life of informal caregivers of children with cerebral palsy. Methods: the cross-sectional survey involved 109 caregivers of children with cerebral palsy recruited from physiotherapy clinic at a tertiary hospital. The quality of life and caregiver burden were assessed using the Personal Wellbeing Index Scale and the Modified Caregivers’ Strain Index, respectively. Data were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: the mean strain index and quality of life scores of the participants were 11.85 ± 5.72 and 64.68 ± 8.03 respectively. The majority (67.9%) of the caregivers had fair personal well-being, while about one-third (33.0%) had high caregiver’s strain. Child’s age (B=2.454; p<0.005) and caregivers’ occupation (B= -2.547; p=0.001) were predictors of caregiver strain. Conclusion: caring for children with cerebral palsy imposed a substantial burden on the caregivers and child’s age and caregivers’ occupation were predictor variables.