Repositório RCAAP

Objective: to construct and validate the content of educational videos on health needs related to chemotherapy treatment. Methods: methodological study, carried out in four stages: identification of the health needs of patients on chemotherapy; construction of the educational videos; validation by expert judges; and adequacy. Results: health needs were identified and based on these, three educational videos were constructed with content validated by 31 to 35 judges, depending on the content of each one. The total Content Validity Index and the items of the evaluation criteria were higher than 0.80 and all items had a 95% confidence interval, whose lower limit was also higher than 0.80. Subsequently, the suggested adaptations were made to improve and confer legitimacy to the videos. Conclusion: the videos are believed to contribute to the patients’ knowledge and self-management of symptoms at home, adaptation to treatment, and consequent improvement in quality of life.

Objective: to build assistive technology, in video format, for deaf and hearing people about sexual health and condom use. Methods: methodological study consisting of the stages of pre-production, production and post-production. In pre-production we built the script, storyboard and scenes, following the principles of Lev Semenovich Vygotsky’s Theory of Learning. In production there was the development of the animation and recording of the scenes by the Libras interpreter. In post-production the final editing of the video took place. Results: the video “Condom: learn to use correctly”,lasting nine minutes and 25 seconds discusses the sexual and reproductive system of man and woman; mode of action, benefits and care with the use of condoms.Given the scarcity of educational materials on the subject, accessibility resources were used to build a video for deaf and hearing people. Conclusion: the construction of the video as an assistive technology directed to the deaf was successfully accomplished.

Objective: to analyze the treatment compliance of patients with breast and prostate cancers. Methods: cross-sectional study with 303 patients with breast and prostate cancers. A semi-structured instrument and the Adherence Determinants Questionnaire Scale Brazilian version were used, and the data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: mean adherence was found among all participants (100.0%). In patients with prostate cancer, we observed weak correlations between age and interpersonal aspects of care (r=0.198; p=0.048); and between treatment time and intentions (r=-0.295; p=0.049). In breast cancer patients, there was a positive correlation between age and perceived support/severity (r=0.174; p=0.013); and between years of study and interpersonal aspects of care (r=0.145; p=0.038) and intentions (r=0.156; p=0.026). Conclusion: patients with breast and prostate cancers showed moderate adherence to treatment, with higher means in the Support/Severity domain and lower in the Perceived Susceptibility domain.

Objective: to apprehend patients’ perception of spirituality, religiosity, and the practice of euphemia throughout hospitalization. Methods: qualitative research, conducted with 12 hospitalized patients. Data collection took place through individual interviews. The speeches were transcribed in full, submitted to thematic content analysis, and the discussion was based on the Transpersonal Care theory. Results: from the speeches, three categories emerged: Spirituality and religiosity: meaning and balm to human life; Benefits of the practice of euphemia in the hospital environment; Spirituality, religiosity, and euphemia in the art of nursing care: biopsychosocial triad in the patient’s perception. Conclusion: spirituality, religiosity, and euphemia were configured as a biopsychosocial triad capable of attributing meaning, foundation, and balm to human life. Also, it may encourage patients and nursing professionals to face the adversities of the hospital environment.

Objective: to identify measures to prevent transmission of COVID-19 for prehospital care health care workers. Methods: integrative review using LILACS and BDENF databases via the Virtual Health Library, CINAHL, MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and SCOPUS. Results: eight publications were included that presented recommendations regarding the use of safety equipment by healthcare professionals and ambulance drivers and measures to prevent the risk of infection during invasive airborne procedures in suspected or contaminated COVID-19 patients. Conclusion: the preventive measures directed to prehospital care professionals were proper use of personal protective equipment and changes in the management of suspected/contaminated patients by COVID-19 and in invasive procedures or transportation of these patients. In addition, it is essential the cleaning and disinfection of the ambulances and their equipment.

Objective: to understand family members’ perceptions of nursing care for people with psychiatric symptoms. Methods: qualitative study, with 13 family members, in five clinical inpatient units linked to the clinical nursing service of a general hospital. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews. Results: the challenges perceived by family members were turnover of professionals in the work schedules and difficulty in specialized management. The participants suggested training of the team, greater multi-professional integration, improved management and reduced turnover of professionals during care. Conclusion: family members verbalized difficulties and suggestions to support reflection on the care offered to people with psychiatric symptoms hospitalized in clinical units, in order to improve work practices and qualify care.

Objective: to analyze the factors related to mortality by nosocomial pneumonia unrelated to mechanical ventilation. Methods: retrospective cohort study with a sample acquired using the 538 notification forms for health care-related infections. The relative risk was calculated and a multivariable analysis was carried out using Poisson regression with a significance level of 5%. Results: the multivariable analysis showed that being under 59 years old and taking only one antimicrobial drug were protective factors against death. The main microorganisms responsible for the increase in the risk of death were: Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumoniae and species of Candida (Candida spp). Conclusion: the factors related to mortality were being 60 years old or older, using two or more antimicrobial substances, and being affected by the microorganisms Acinetobacter baumannii, Klebsiella pneumonia, and species of Candida (Candida spp).

Objective: to understand the impact of music on the intensive care for COVID-19 as an instrument to humanize assistance from the perspective of nurses who work on assistance. Methods: qualitative study carried out with seven intensive care nurses working in the COVID-19 Intensive Care Unit of a public state hospital. Sample reached through theoretical saturation. Data were collected using interviews through the on-line application WhatsApp, guided by a semi-structured guide. Results: the following discursive categories emerged: Feelings of health professionals and humanized actions in intensive care; Music therapy to provide integral care for people with COVID-19 in the score of intensive care; Living in the moment; Music therapy as an instrument for spirituality in the intensive care environment. Conclusion: the nursing intensive care did not only carry out a biological treatment, but considered all aspects of the human being, using to do so humanization by music.

Objective: to understand the management of pressure ulcers in palliative care patients from the perspective of nurses. Methods: qualitative study, in which 17 care nurses participated through semi-structured interviews. Data were submitted to thematic categorical analysis. Results: two categories were listed: Nursing management of pressure ulcers in palliative care patients and Outcome of pressure ulcers in palliative care patients. Their management occurs by means of individualized assistance and may vary according to the different moments in which the individual is and should be malleable. The possibility of three outcomes was also observed: complete healing, clinical improvement and clinical stabilization. Conclusion: despite all the frailty of these patients in palliative care, it was perceived that the clinical improvement of the lesions occurs, although it is a slow path, by means of handling the lesions in an individualized manner and focused on the search for comfort.

Objective: to estimate the prevalence and verify the factors associated with low birth weight in full-term newborns. Methods: this is a retrospective study conducted with 24,744 newborns. Data were retrieved from the Sistema de Informação sobre Nascidos Vivos (Information System on Live Births). For the analysis, multiple logistic regression was used using the hierarchical model with maternal, gestational, and care variables. Results: the prevalence of low birth weight was 2.4%, with 51.0% of cases in male newborns, 73.7% in women aged 20-34 years; 56.5% were multiparous and 95.0% had eight years of education or more. In the multiple analysis, the association of low weight with the number of prenatal consultations, newborn’s birth order, and sex were observed. Conclusion: the factors associated with low birth weight in full-term newborns were male sex, multiparity, and less than seven prenatal consultations.

Objective: to estimate the prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis and associated factors. Methods: a retrospective study that evaluated 74,006 cases of tuberculosis registered in the Notifiable Diseases Information System. In the multivariate analysis, the outcome variable “drug resistance” was used to estimate the prevalence ratio of factors associated with drug resistance. Results: a rate of 0.5% of drug resistance was estimated (n=388). A higher prevalence was observed in cases classified as relapse, post-dropout re-entry, and transfer. There was a 53.0% increase when sputum smear microscopy was positive and a 6.5 increase for positive sputum culture. The opposite effect was observed when the diagnostic test for human immunodeficiency virus was not performed. Conclusion: a low prevalence of drug-resistant tuberculosis was estimated compared to international scenarios. The main factors associated with the disease were related to retreatments and positive sputum smear and culture results.

Objective: to investigate variables related to inadequate completion of surgical data for patient safety in the hospital setting in the opinion of health professionals. Methods: retrospective study in 180 medical records of surgical patients in a public hospital and application of a structured questionnaire to caregivers responsible for filling out the surgical data of patients. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed. Results: the medical records showed incomplete surgical records in the preoperative period (61%), intraoperative period (66%) and immediate postoperative period (87%). Professionals reported not knowing the protocol for safe surgery (62%) and the institution's surgical safety form (68%), 87% were not trained to use the intraoperative checklist, 66% considered the number of staff inadequate and 55% considered communication ineffective. Conclusion: in the opinion of health professionals, insufficient professional knowledge, lack of training, inadequate staffing and ineffective communication may be related to inadequate completion of surgical data and patient safety.

Objective: to analyze the aspects that hinder blood donation and strategies to attract donors. Methods: qualitative study conducted with 12 donors. The data was collected through semi-structured interviews and analyzed using Content Analysis. Results: regarding the complicating aspects, the lack of time and little flexibility in service hours, the displacement in accessing the service and the fear of the donation process were scored. As strategies for attraction, the interviewees talked about the dissemination and internal campaigns in companies, education in schools and universities, loyalty of donors, flexibility in the hours of the blood center and mobile units for blood donation at strategic points in the city. Conclusion: donors pointed out difficulties and suggestions for strategies, constituting relevant information for innovative proposals that help in the process of attracting new blood donors.

Objective: to analyze the association of survival to emergency care measures, clinical symptoms and biochemical markers used for paraquat intoxicated patients. Methods: retrospective cohort, guided by the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology tool. The data collection and analysis protocol were based on two phases: first, with the survey of the investigation forms of exogenous poisoning from the Secretariat of Epidemiological Surveillance; second, with the analysis of information in printed medical records. Results: of the 36 (100%) patients investigated, 19 (53.0%) survived; regarding the clinical manifestations, there was statistical significance for the respiratory system (p=0.003); regarding the biochemical variables, there was statistical significance for liver enzymes. The initial emergency measures 13(56.5%) of survivors received gastric lavage with activated charcoal. Conclusion: we observed a lack of efficacy of the impacts of emergency care measures and medications in increasing patient survival.

Objective: to evaluate the patient safety culture in a primary care health unit. Methods: cross-sectional study conducted with 51 professionals linked to Primary Health Care. Data were collected using the self-administered instrument Medical Office Survey on Patient Safety Culture, translated, adapted and validated for use in Brazil. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed. Nurses, physicians, Community Health Agents, among other professionals participated. Results: the dimensions of the patient safety culture in Primary Health Care indicated opportunities for improvement or weaknesses in the service. The general assessment of patient safety and the global assessment of the quality of care provided in Primary Health Care were appointed as good or fair. Conclusion: the safety culture in Primary Care did not identify strong dimensions; there were problems with equipment, performance and availability of test results and exchange of information with imaging centers/laboratories in the care network.

Objective: to detect factors related to negative adherence to self-care in individuals with diabetes mellitus. Methods: observational, cross-sectional, analytical, and exploratory study, conducted with individuals diagnosed with type 2 diabetes mellitus and followed-up by the Family Health Strategy. The sample consisted of 250 participants. The Summary of Diabetes Self-Care Activities Questionnaire was used for self-care assessment. Association tests, prevalence ratio and Poisson regression with robust variance were performed in the analysis. Results: negative attitudes related to self-care increased by 21% for single/divorced/widowed, 20% for retired, 54% for those who did not diet, 28% for those who did not practice physical activity, 24% for hypertensive, 30% for those with dyslipidemia, and 44% for those with retinopathy. Conclusion: socioeconomic factors, behavioral factors, presence of comorbidities and complications related to diabetes mellitus were related to negative adherence to self-care.

Objective: to analyze the spatiotemporal pattern and indicators associated with the occurrence of suicide. Methods: ecological study that analyzed the deaths by suicide repor- ted in the Mortality Information System. For temporal and spatial analysis, the Joinpoint and Scan methods were employed, respectively. Multivariate analysis was performed by the Ordinary Least Squares Estimation model, considering p<0.05. Results: significant growth in suicide mortality of 4.2% per year was observed. The highest Bayesian mortality rates ranged from 8.90 to 13.49 deaths per 100,000 population. Five statistically significant spatial clusters were identified (p<0.050). The primary cluster encompassed 64 municipalities, with a suicide risk 1.38 times higher (p<0.001). The indicators associated with suicide were Urbanization rate (β=0.07; p=0.020) and Employment & income (β=-9.40; p=0.030). Conclusion: there was a significant increase in suicide, and five spatial clusters were identified. The indicators Urbanization rate and Employment & income were associated with the grievance.

Objective: to assess the quality of life of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. Methods: a cross-sectional study carried out in the chemotherapy sector with 51 patients able to answer the data collection instruments. For the analyses, we adopted the variance analysis and Student’s t. Results: the health score indicated moderate quality of life and the symptoms nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, and dyspnea were the most present. The scores of the global health scale showed differences between age groups and presence of metastasis; diarrhea and financial difficulties showed differences with respect to gender; pain was more cited by those who did not undergo surgery; insomnia and nausea and vomiting were related to the time of treatment. Conclusion: participants had moderate overall health scores and the main functional levels affected by the treatment were social and emotional.

Objective: to analyze the sexual practice of women who have sex with women and its association with condom use. Methods: correlational study involving 231 women who have sex with women, recruited through electronic application (Instagram and WhatsApp). A questionnaire was applied through Google Forms, containing sociodemographic data, sexual history, and the types of sexual practices. Results: most women performed oral sex (86.4%) and manual sex (86.9%) without using condoms. A large proportion (84.8%) reported the use of fomites in sexual practices without condoms. The inexistence of a fixed partnership (p=0.000) and the performance of sex with vaginal contact (p=0.013) were associated with sexual intercourse without condoms. Conclusion: the sexual practice of women who have sex with women points to greater vulnerability to sexually transmitted infections, by practicing oral and vaginal sex with manual practices without the use of barrier methods.

Objective: to understand the access to the care network for children and adolescents with special needs from the perspective of professionals. Methods: qualitative study carried out in an Association of Parents and Friends of Exceptional Children. The semi-structured interview was used,with representation through the cloud of words. Participated in the research 11 professionals who work in health care and special education. Results: from the professionals’ perspective, the access to the network of care for children and adolescents comes from the special care and education offered by the Association. The participants highlighted the difficulties of access of children and adolescents to health services and the diversity of activities used so that they can socialize, interact, and form bonds. Conclusion: the access of children and adolescents to the attention network occurs through the services of the Association, represented by the clinic for health care and the school for development and social inclusion.