Repositório RCAAP

O objetivo  deste  estudo  foi  explorar  indicadores  diagnósticos  na  população  neonatal  para  um  diagnóstico  de enfermagem  aprovado  pela  NANDA  International,  Inc.,  hipotermia,  e  para  um  diagnóstico  proposto,  o  risco  de hipotermia. Nesta revisão, 23 artigos foram revisados a partir da CINAHL, PubMed e Lilacs no período de janeiro a abril de 2013.  Os dados foram  extraídos  dos artigos e sintetizados para desenvolver  uma lista de potenciais  fatores relacionados e/ou de risco e características definidoras. Potenciais características definidoras e fatores relacionados associados a recém-nascidos foram identificados para testes clínicos em hipotermia, (23 e 17, respectivamente). Vinte e três fatores de risco foram identificados para o risco de hipotermia. Indicadores diagnósticos para diagnósticos de enfermagem que colocam os recém-nascidos em situação de risco de morbidade e mortalidade permitirão triagem e avaliação de riscos mais adequadas. Estes indicadores diagnósticos recentemente identificados exigem investigação para validar a sua utilidade clínica.

The aim of this study was to explore diagnostic indicators in the neonatal population for one nursing diagnosis approved by NANDA International, Inc., hypothermia, and for a proposed diagnosis, risk for hypothermia. In this integrative review, 23 articles were reviewed from the Cinahl, PubMed, and LILACS databases during the period of January through April, 2013. Data were drawn from the articles and synthesized to develop a list of potential related and/or risk factors, and defining characteristics. Potential newborn-related defining characteristics and related factors were identified for clinical testing in hypothermia, (23 and 17, respectively). Twenty-three risk factors were identified for risk for hypothermia. Diagnostic indicators for nursing diagnoses that place newborns at risk of morbidity and mortality will enable risk screening and more adequate assessments. These newly identified diagnostic indicators require research to validate their clinical usefulness.

Objective: to describe the process of construction and validation of behavioral technology to follow child development milestones. Methods: methodological study, construction and validation of behavioral technology, in the form of reminders, through the Delphi Technique, with the participation of 10 judges specialized in the field of child health and in validation of technologies. In order to analyze the content validity of the reminders, the Content Validity Index was used, with agreement of at least 80.0% to guarantee the validation of the material. Results: most of the judges were nurses and had a doctorate degree. The items were validated, obtaining 90.0% approval by the expert judges. The overall agreement validation index was 0.87; thus, the technology was considered adequate. Conclusion: the construction and validation of the behavioral technology can favor professionals’ adherence to the use of the Child Health Handbook to monitor child development.

Objective: to analyze the incidence of neutropenia in patients with colorectal cancer, undergoing chemotherapy treatment. Methods: integrative review performed in the following databases: National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature, Latin American literature and Caribbean Center in Health Sciences, and SciVerse Scopus. Results: 499 articles were identified, of which 15 met the criteria for inclusion, published between 2006 and 2016 and analyzed in their entirety. Neutropenia was the most reported hematologic toxicity in 12 (80.0%) studies, and the second most common in three (20.0%), in varying degrees, being responsible for reducing and/or delaying of doses in six (40.0%) studies. Conclusion: the studies included in this review showed that neutropenia in patients with colorectal cancer in chemotherapy treatment have low incidences in different degrees, despite the significantly high rates of neutropenia associations, as the most common adverse event in the various analyzed regimes.

Objective: to evaluate the vaccination rooms of primary health care units. Methods: evaluative research, in which the Structure and Process in 89 vaccination rooms of six Regional Health Coordination Centers were evaluated through supervision of vaccine rooms of the Ministry of Health of Brazil. Results: most of the professionals were nursing technicians (76.4%) without training in vaccination (31.5%). In the Evaluation of General Aspects/Technical Procedures, decoration objects (43.8%), absence of bench (22.5%), and insufficient number of vaccines (41.6%) were observed. In the evaluation of the Cold Chain, inadequate cleaning of refrigerators (71.9%) and inappropriate temperatures (48.8%) were found. Conclusion: the evaluation of vaccine rooms showed that the structure of the General Aspects/Technical Procedures and Cold Chain components presented good classification, while the evaluation of the process of these components indicated a regular classification.

Objective: to evaluate the safety culture of the teaching hospital patient. Methods: evaluative research, with 68 nurses, whose instrument used was the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire - Short Form adapted, composed of questions covering six domains. Results: the best evaluation was of the Satisfaction at Work domain, with an average of 88.48, the only one positively classified. The domain that measures the Perception of Management of the Unit and the Hospital obtained smaller evaluations, with averages 61.1 and 59.6, respectively. Conclusion: nursing professionals expressed satisfaction with the work; however, considering that only one domain had a positive result, the safety culture of the hospital patient presents weaknesses from the perspective of the participating nurses.

Objective: to describe the perception of mothers about the use of popular child care practices in the home. Methods: qualitative research, performed with ten mothers of children up to two years old. Data were collected through interviews in a primary health care unit, which were recorded and submitted to content analysis. Results: three categories emerged from the analysis of the discourse: 1) Family roles in child care; 2) Popular practices as a family culture in child care; and 3) The belief in healing spells as a resource in popular practice. Conclusion: the use of popular practices remains strong in the social and cultural context of families, and is especially influenced by grandmothers. Thus, there is a need for instrumentation of the health team for the good use of these practices in favor of the promotion of child health and recognition of nursing in its professional practice.Descript

The quality of care needs to provide greater attention and humanization to users, not only with regard to building empathy, but also with regard to overcoming institutional barriers that can operate as decisive factors for adherence and full access to services. These barriers are not only the result of institutional or socio-legal mechanisms that regulate the functioning of institutions; they also place themselves, above all, at the core of the relationships and interactions between professionals and users of the system.

Objective: to analyze factors associated with breastfeeding self-efficacy according to nipple types. Methods: cross-sectional study conducted with 60 mothers admitted to rooming-in. A questionnaire was used in addition to the application of the State-Trait Anxiety Scale and the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale. Results: the proportion of protruding and non-protruding nipples was 31 (51.6%) and 29 (48.3%), consecutively. The anxiety evaluated was higher in women with non-protruding nipples. While breastfeeding self-efficacy was higher in women with protruding nipples (p=0.027). Factors associated with breastfeeding according to nipple types were: difficulty in gripping (p=0.019), breastfeeding aid (p=0.003) and breastfeeding satisfaction (p=0.043). Conclusion: the Breastfeeding Self-Efficacy Scale score was higher in the group of women with protruding nipple promoting greater satisfaction during practice, while non-protruding women are related to difficulty in gripping, as well as the need for assistance during breastfeeding.

Objective: to describe the association between sociodemographic factors and alcohol consumption in women from a rural community. Methods: a cross-sectional study conducted with 259 women from a rural community. For data collection, a structured form and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test were used. For analysis, chi-square and/or Fisher’s Exact tests were used, with a 95% confidence interval. Results: there was a statistically significant association between alcoholic consumption by the women investigated and age and zone I (p=0.043), income and zone I (p=0.081), and income and zone IV (p=0.049). Conclusion: participants with lower income consumed alcoholic beverages excessively.

Objective: to analyze satisfaction, self-confidence and performance of nursing students in realistic immunization simulation. Methods: quasi-experimental study, using the Immunization Checklist and Student Satisfaction and Self-confidence in Learning Scale, with 72 students, divided into Group 1 (38 seventh semester students who have not yet been in the field of practice in the Child Health discipline) and Group 2 (34 ninth semester students). Results: there was no difference between groups in terms of immunization performance (t-test: 1.701; p=0.096), as well as in terms of the degree of performance (Likelihood Ratio: 1.939; p=0.164). There was a significant difference when assessing satisfaction and self-confidence in learning (t-test: 2.346; p=0.023). Conclusion: the previous practice of immunization in the field of practice did not influence the performance of nursing students during the realistic simulation, but it did interfere with satisfaction and self-confidence in learning.

Objective: to unveil nurses’ perceptions about humanized care in high-risk prenatal care. Methods: a qualitative study, with six nurses who worked in high-risk prenatal care. Data collection took place using semi-structured interviews. To analyze the results, the content analysis technique was used. Results: the adoption of humanized care consisted of actions related to user embracement, personalized care, dialogue with pregnant women and the establishment of a trustful relationship. The main humanization practices were guided visits to maternity hospitals; creating educational groups; the use of non-pharmacological methods for pain relief during labor; and encouraging companion support. Conclusion: participating nurses understood the humanization concept and associated humanization practices to the embracement of pregnant women, guided visits, personalized care, guidance on the use of non-pharmacological methods and the promotion of connections with pregnant women.

Objective: to build and validate the content and appearance of the booklet on prevention and control of contact-borne infections. Methods: methodological study, developed from the validation of an educational booklet by expert judges and by the target audience. The validation was performed by seventeen judges from different Brazilian regions and seven companions. The agreement index between the evaluators was calculated, with a minimum of 80.0% being necessary to guarantee the validation of the material. Results: most of the items obtained agreement rates above the recommended. The changes were made according to the judges’ suggestions, giving rise to the second version of the booklet, which was submitted to the appearance validation by the target audience, culminating in changes in the cover and language. Conclusion: the booklet was considered valid by specialists and by the target audience, and could be technology used for companions of patients kept in contact isolation.

Objective: to identify the incidents and adverse events notified in a large size hospital. Methods: a retrospective study was carried out based on data extracted from handwritten notifications sheets, made available by the Patient Safety Nucleus of a large size hospital. The following variables were analyzed: type of incident, according to international safety goals; severity of the incidents with damage; and measures proposed to minimize the effects of the notified incident. Results: among the 1167 notifications, 653 (66.8%) of the incidents were related to pharmacovigilance, 563 (48.6%) presented as potential harm, 355 (28.7%) caused harm to the patient and of these, 228 (68.0%) were of mild intensity. Proposed actions were described in 705 (60.4%) of the notifications. Conclusion: the notifications allowed identifying a high number of incidents with potential to cause harm, denoting failures that could be minimized with the implementation of institutional protocols and professional training.

Objective: to elaborate and validate an instrument to evaluate the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of pregnant women regarding the hypertensive disease of pregnancy. Methods: methodological research, to develop and validate an instrument about the knowledge, attitudes, and practices of pregnant women regarding said disease. The stages of the design were: elaboration, content validation, and semantic analysis with the target audience. Results: to elaborate the instrument, the following items were adopted: definition, classification, signs and symptoms, risk factors, consequences, prevention and treatment of the hypertensive disease of pregnancy. The instrument was submitted to a validation by specialists. Its dimensions presented a Content Validity Index of 0.85, 0.89 for pertinence, 0.81 for clarity, and 0.86 for scope. The variable attitudes was below 0.8 in all dimensions. Conclusion: the instrument was considered to be valid and can be used to direct educational interventions, aimed to prevent the disease or its complications from surfacing.

Objective: to analyze the effect of musical interventions to reduce stress levels in the elderly. Methods: quantitative research, of quasi-experimental type, in which the level of stress was assessed before and after interventions with the music therapy method, called receptive experience, in 25 elderly people in a support group. The Perceived Stress Scale was used and descriptive and inferential statistical analysis was performed. Results: in the assessment of perceived stress, the average was 33.6 (standard deviation 5.17) points in the pre-test and 31.6 (standard deviation 2.29) points in the post-test (p<0.05). In the assessment dimension, the reduction was identified only in the perceived distress factor. Pre-tests outcomes showed that the higher the monthly income, the lower the perceived stress (p=0.043). Conclusion: musical interventions with the participants of this study were able to reduce stress levels, indicating the importance of music as a therapeutic resource in health promotion actions.

Objective: analyze the prevalence and types of occupational injuries among nurses working in the Family Health Strategy. Methods: cross-sectional study with 116 Family Health Strategy nurses. The Work-Related Damage Assessment Scale was used. For the analysis, Pearson’s chi-square test was performed, with a significance level of 0.05. Results: the prevalence of physical damage of 70.7% was associated with the risk of critical illness, the most serious symptoms of which were: sleep or appetite alterations, circulatory disorders, body aches (head, arm, back, legs). Social damage (21.6%) and psychological damage (11.2%) were classified as bearable risk. Conclusion: showed high prevalence of illness manifested by physical damage classified as critical risk: arm pain, changes in appetite and circulatory disorders and, classified as serious risk: headaches, leg pain, sleep changes, back and body pain.

Objective: to analyze factors related to the loss of follow-up in pregnant women with syphilis. Methods: Integrative review developed in six databases. The PICo strategy was used to elaborate the guiding question and select the descriptors and keywords through Boolean operators. 20 articles were included in the final sample. Results: the factors related to the loss of follow-up in pregnant women with syphilis were: age; schooling; diagnosis and late onset of treatment; prenatal failure and low adherence of the partner to treatment. In addition, the lack of knowledge of professionals about the management of syphilis and the failures in counseling were found to be factors inherent to the loss of follow-up. Conclusion: pregnant women under 20, low schooling, stigma, fear, non-treatment of partnership, inadequate treatment and lack of professional training and guidance to pregnant women were associated with the loss of follow-up of pregnant women with syphilis.

Objective: to analyze the evidences on therapies for the treatment of pressure ulcers. Methods: integrative review with articles published between 2014 and 2019 in SciELO, MEDLINE, LILACS, BDENF, IBECS and CINAHL databases. The descriptors used were: pressure ulcer, therapeutics and nursing care. Results: twelve articles were found that met the study´s objectives. Data from the eligible studies were extracted using the data collection instrument. After this step, they were categorized and synthesized, in a descriptive way, and listed in four categories: professionals’ knowledge about therapies; adequate management of therapies; therapies with biophysical agents; and non-conventional therapies. Conclusion: the analyzed articles reflect on the use of some therapies and strategies to treat pressure ulcers. The various therapies addressed in the research on the treatment of these ulcers proved to be effective, however, they are insufficient to ensure their wide and safe use.

Objective: to understand the development of moral sensitivity in the practice of Family Health Strategy professionals. Methods: a unique case study, of qualitative approach, conducted with thirty-five professionals from the family health teams. Data collection occurred through interviews guided by semi-structured script and observation. The data was analyzed through Thematic Content Analysis. Results: the analysis revealed that factors related to work organization, interpersonal relationships and personal values influence the development of the moral sensitivity of professionals in family health teams. Conclusion: the development of the moral sensitivity of Family Health Strategy professionals is influenced by enabling and hindering factors that present themselves in daily work.