Repositório RCAAP

The theoretical essay aims to construct the variant nature idea, considering the concept of second nature as a major factor in this vein. For this purpose, the text was subdivided into four paragraphs. In the first one, a brief introduction is used, which aims to present the social landscape of residents domiciled in subnormal agglomerates. In the second paragraph, we seek to understand and reverberate the figuration of emotions self-control from the perspective of Eliasian procedural sociology. In the third, the theoretical perspective on the poor-black-slumdweller psychogenesis is emphasized. Finally, in the fourth paragraph, the need for (re)adaptation of slum groups are discussed. Briefly, the essay focuses on grounding a kind of social knowledge, distinctive from the poor-black-slumdweller population, resulting from the mutability and dynamics of interpersonal relationships, which, incorporated within the marginalized communities of Rio de Janeiro city, act to model a unique nature, variant. In other words, an extremely particular collective ego derivative from the imponderability of conflagrated subsistence.

Dental anomalies, defined as alterations resulting from various etiological factors that act during dental development or acquired during life. Gemination is a dental anomaly that describes an enlarged or unusually shaped tooth that appears to consist of two teeth. Taurodontism is a developmental anomaly that presents as an elongated pulp chamber and short root canals. Patient M.J.C., 61 years old, leucoderma, attended the dental office for oral hygiene assessment. On intraoral examination, it was possible to clinically observe an aspect similar to gemination in tooth 33. Periapical radiography was requested to complement the diagnosis. During radiographic evaluation, it was possible to observe in the region of tooth 46 a decrease in the root canals and an increased pulp chamber, a pathognomonic sign of taurodontism. There was no need for therapeutic intervention regarding the anomalies found. Dentists' knowledge about the clinical and radiographic characteristics of dental anomalies is of fundamental importance for the detection of such anomalies, as well as the most appropriate therapeutic approach for each case.

The essential oil from C. aurantium has been widely studied due to its potential anxiolytic action on several receptors in the Central Nervous System (CNS). Although it presents variations in its phytochemical composition depending on its origin, we can highlight that many compounds remain present, such as linalool that demonstrated antagonistic activity on glutamatergic receptors, possible inhibitory action of noradrenaline and serotonin receptors, besides the ability to activate GABA receptors in association with some flavonoids present in the oil. It is globally known that the underlying pathology called anxiety influences worldwide as an antecedent of conflicting psychological and physical disorders, which are associated with various neuronal disorders. In this regard, the oil extracted from C. aurantium flowers shows a potential therapeutic application for the treatment of anxiety disorders. However, more studies are needed to elucidate its complete role on the CNS and to verify and prove its safety and efficacy profile.

The Cymbopogon nardus L. is a plant popularly known as "citronella grass", originating from Ceylon and India, used in Indonesia as a soothing and digestive tea. The essential oil of the species Cymbopogon nardus (OECN) is used in the manufacture of cosmetics and perfumes, besides having shown antimicrobial action against Escherichia coli, Salmonella spp., Pseudomonas spp., Streptococcus spp., and in addition antioxidant, anti-inflammatory. The objective of this study was to determine the larvicidal and fungicide potential of OECN extracted from the fresh leaves of C. nardus. L at the beginning of the dry season in Teresina, PI. From the OECN extracted by hydrodistillation, the actives were identified by mass gas chromatography. The larvicidal action of OECN was tested against the third and fourth larval stages of Aedes aegypti at concentrations (2.5, 5.0, 7.5 and 10 μL/20 ml) for 24 to 48 hours. Antifungal activity for Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus at concentrations (1.0, 2.0, 4.0 6.0 and 8.0 μL/10 mL). The OECN showed a good yield (1.0%), with 26 assets (93.2%) identified with the majority: citronelal (31.6%), geraniol (22.1%), elemol (11.8%) and citronellol (8.2%). Mortality of 100% of the larvae was observed at concentrations of 7.5 and 10.0 µl / 20 ml in 24 hours. After 48 hours 93.3% in 5.0 µl/10 ml OECN and 70% in 2.5 µl/10 ml. A. flavus showed greater sensitivity to OECN at 8.0 µl / 10 ml than A. parasiticus at concentrations. A. parasiticus was the most sensitive at concentrations of 1.0 and 2.0 µL / 10 mL. OECN has a larvicidal action and antifungal activity at the tested concentrations.

The present work aims to review the literature identifying the importance of chemical compounds used in the biomechanical preparation of the root canal system, comparing the compounds most used in clinical practice to carry out the operative stage of irrigation. A bibliographic survey was carried out in the databases of PubMed, Scielo, Lilacs, Science Direct and book queries in the physical library of a private college, including studies that addressed irrigation in the treatment of root canal systems, with a delimited period of specific time between 2013 to 2021, excluding those with no direct relation to the subject. Following the inclusion criteria, the available abstracts were read and 20 articles were identified, which were part of this study. Given the above, each irrigating substance studied has its advantages and disadvantages, with Sodium Hypochlorite (NaOCl) being the most used irrigant for demonstrating antimicrobial action and the ability to dissolve organic tissue, providing success in the treatment of SCR, however, in high concentrations may present cytotoxicity to pulp and periradicular tissues. Thus, the knowledge of professionals about these solutions in their use is of fundamental importance, in order to understand the results that will be achieved in the operative stage of irrigation.

Objective: The present research is aimed at discussing the reasons behind patients’ delayed initiative in seeking healthcare assistance for penile cancer. It was established as secondary objectives to list subjective factors that influence the delayed initiative in accessing SUS (Brazil’s public healthcare system) for the diagnosis of penile cancer, to analyze individual and collective cultural factors leading to the image construction of the man with penile cancer. Method: It was a qualitative, descriptive, exploratory, analytical research with fourteen interviewees, using thematic analysis as well as the support of the theory of social representations. Results:  The study was comprised of young adults and men who are in their sixties, aged 35 to 70, diagnosed with penile cancer, most interviewees attended only incomplete elementary school and are Catholics, with a monthly income around one or two minimum wages. We produced two categories of analysis that cover different temporalities of the disease. The first one regarding the moment prior to the diagnosis of penile cancer, which we have named as a “pimple in nature”; “Does size matter”? referring to the period after cancer has been diagnosed. Final Considerations: We can state after hearing the interviewees that the fundamental idea about penile cancer and the amputation surgery is the fear of losing size, thus having a smaller.

Introduction: The nurse has an extremely important role in the postpartum period, being able to approach and assist in the construction of the maternal-infant bond, through their assistance also aiming at the health of both. However, good care practices during labor and birth are essential. Objectives: The general objective of the research is to identify the interventions performed by nursing during the hospitalization of newborns. As specific objectives, there is an interest in showing the bond that can be created between the nursing team and the NB's family. Methodology: Articles were tabulated by title, authors, year of publication, journal, objectives, results and conclusion. From then on, bibliometric analysis began, which were grouped by similarity in the form of categories. Results and discussions: It was possible to notice common and divergent points, having more direct and precise information that helped them during the elaboration of this work. Conclusion: The assistance of the hospital staff must work to ensure continuous care and adequate form so that there is no risk to the newborn or the mother. Since all the service provided after the birth of the NB favors a good adaptation to something that is new for both the baby and the mother.

The effect of prosthetic abutment type on single-screwed prostheses in posterior mandibular molar rehabilitations is not yet known. Thus, the aim of this study was to evaluate the distribution of stresses in the crowns, prosthetic components, implant and bone in implant-supported restorations with or without a prosthetic abutment, maintaining an equal total height of the implant-crown set. Virtual 3-dimensional (3D) finite element models were constructed, the models were designed to represent a posterior single crown rehabilitation with a screwed retention system and external hexagon implants placed in the lower first molar region. Two rehabilitation methods were designed to simulate a monolithic zirconia crown screwed onto a conical abutment, which was screwed onto an external hexagon implant (M1); and a monolithic zirconia crown screwed directly onto the external hexagon implant using an UCLA abutment (M2). An axial load of 200 N was simulated and applied axially in the occlusal region of the restoration divided into 5 points. The quantitative and qualitative description of the maximum principal stress for crowns, von Mises stress for screws, conical abutment and implant; and minimal principal stress for cortical and medullary bone were evaluated. M1 presented similar stress distribution for crowns, cortical and medullary bone compared to M2. Conversely, the stress values were considerably higher for crowns screw and implants in the M2 group. In conclusion, single implant-supported rehabilitations of mandibular first molars using external hexagon implants presented better stress distribution on the crown screw and implants for the M1 group compared to M2.

This work aimed to propose a discussion about the use of anabolic steroids, without monitoring by a qualified professional, in the bodybuilding scenario. This is bibliographical research that uses as a starting point the idealization of the perfect body, propagated by social media and sought by bodybuilders, who use anabolic steroids as a faster way to achieve the desired goal. As a result of the research, the concepts, compositions of substances, as well as the description and purpose of the most used ones, allow us to see how aggressive the side effects can be to the human body, when used indiscriminately. In this sense, it is possible to conclude that the importance of work with this theme for professionals, fans of bodybuilding and even for the population as a whole is noticeable, so that the need for guidance by trained professionals to indicate the use of substances is understood, in view of the various side effects triggered by its use.

In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of educational boards in raising awareness among the population of Quirinópolis regarding the disposal of solid waste and non-feeding of Callithrix penicillata in the Botanical Garden of the State University of Goiás. We evaluated the differences in the total weight of waste before and after implementation of the educational signs, and the interactions between the factors: use of the sign [before, after] with the type of residue, and we tested the association between the weight of the residues with the time scale for each type of residue. There was a decrease in the weight of paper, plastic and glass inside; and paper, plastic and metal in the surroundings of the Botanical Garden, and the presence of food for the individuals of marmosets was not observed after the use of the educational plates. These results support the effectiveness of educational boards. However, more research is needed to find out if this pattern is maintained in other Environmental Education scenarios.

The aim of this study was to analyze the trend of breast cancer mortality rates in women in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil, between 2000 and 2017. This is an ecological study carried out with death data from the Information System on Mortality and population data obtained from estimates made available by the Ministry of Health. Simple linear and polynomial regression models were used in the analysis. Between 2000 and 2017, 7,363 deaths from breast cancer were recorded in women aged 20 years or over. For the period, 47.5% of the total deaths occurred in the age group from 50 to 69 years (n=3,497). The average breast cancer mortality rate was 18.24/100,000 women (2000-2017). The average mortality coefficients exceeded 30 deaths/100,000 women aged 50 to 59 years, reaching 87.25/100,000 in the longest-lived. In the analysis of the trend, broken down by age groups, it was observed, in general, a non-constant linear increase in the period. The study revealed an increasing trend of mortality from breast cancer in women living in the state of Santa Catarina during the period and showed the magnitude of the increase in the mean coefficients according to the age groups considered.

Objective: to assess the knowledge and practices of adolescent students in relation to HIV/AIDS and other STIs. Methods: this is a cross-sectional study, with a quantitative approach, which included twelve public schools from seven cities in Rio Grande do Norte, with a sample of 623 individuals. Two electronic and interactive questionnaires were used for data collection. Data processing was performed using SPSS 25.0® and Stata 14.0. For the analysis of associated factors, the Item Response Theory was used. The project of this study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Protocol No. 99473118.2.0000.5292. Results: The participants who achieved the highest means of knowledge level were female (6.04 ± 4.47), with a partner (6.13 ± 4.49), white (6.10 ± 4.46) and received financial assistance from the government (6.72 ± 4.40). Most teenagers reported that they had already had their first sexual intercourse. Of those who continued to have sex in the last 6 months, only 31.3% used a condom. Final considerations: Adolescents have a considerable level of knowledge about the prevention of HIV/AIDS and other STIs, but their sexual practices do not follow the recommended preventive measures.

This research is a scoping review protocol, which aims to explore in the available literature, how social skills are approached in sport, and their possible influences on the athlete's affective and emotional cognitive adaptation. For this, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus and Pepsic / Lilacs databases will be used, using the mnemonic PCC (Population, Context and Concept), the selected terms were, athletes, social skills and sport, being interconnected by the Boolean operator E. Literature from the last 5 (five) years will be considered, in Portuguese, Spanish and English. For its construction and methodological structuring considered considered the following: kind of study; identification of the research question; identification of relevant studies; selection of studies; information mapping; presentation of results and ethical aspects. Relevant information will be stored in the Excel application, for the analysis and preparation of tables and other graphic resources for displaying data, results and subsequent results.

Coronaviruses disease (COVID-19) vaccines have emerged worldwide to control this illness, albeit they cannot guarantee full effectiveness. Polyphenols possess antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antiviral properties, all of which may be effective against COVID-19 symptoms. Since polyphenols exhibit low bioavailability, polyphenols nano-formulation (a food technology) have been utilized in COVID-19 patients. Therefore, the purpose of this review is to discuss the current evidence showing the effects of polyphenols nano-formulation in COVID-19 patients. Two previous studies have demonstrated that polyphenols nano-formulation (particularly curcumin) can alleviate clinical manifestation (fever, tachypnea, myalgia, cough) and improve overall recovery since polyphenols can modulate the inflammatory response, oxidative stress, and upregulate certain proteins involved in the renin-angiotensin system, all which play a crucial role on the symptoms caused by COVID-19.

Botanical extracts with insecticidal properties seek to minimize the problems caused by the incorrect and often exaggerated use of pesticides. Depending on the concentration used and the extraction method, certain extracts can provoke different reactions on the harmful insects. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the toxicity of aqueous extracts prepared by maceration and infusion of Psychotria capillacea, Psychotria deflexa and Psychotria leiocarpa on eggs, larvae and pupae of Plutella xylostella. Seven treatments were used to evaluate the toxicity of the extracts: 1) P. capillacea infusion, 2) P. deflexa infusion, 3) P. leiocarpa infusion, 4) P. capillacea maceration, 5) P. deflexa maceration, 6) of P. leiocarpa maceration and 7) distilled water (control). Third-instar larvae of P. xylostella and pupae with up to three days of formation received topical application of the treatments, while fragments of cabbage containing eggs of this insect were immersed in the treatments. The results showed that the aqueous extracts by infusion and maceration of P. capillacea and P. leiocarpa and P. deflexa did not present significant toxicity on P. xylostella larvae and pupae, while the extracts prepared by maceration reduced the survival of eggs of this harmful insect. It was observed that macerated extracts caused mortality in the first 46 hours and infusions were more effective after this period. Therefore, other tests must be carried out to elucidate the efficiency of Psychotria extracts on the biological and behavioral parameters of P. xylostella, considering that new extraction techniques must be explored.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the muscle strength and patients’ functionality after weaning from mechanical ventilation (MV) in an adult intensive care unit. This is a quantitative and retrospective study that analyzed the medical records of patients hospitalized from June 2019 to march 2021, both genders, aged 18 and 83 years old, approved by the Research Ethics Committee. A questionnaire created by the authors was used, which includes: weaninng, time on MV, muscle strenght by dynamometry, and patients’ functionality. Statistical analysis using BioEstat 5.0 software.106 medical records were used on the type of weaning, with prolonged weaning, with a stay of 8 to 14 days on MV. Regarding peripheral muscle strength, 34,9% of the sample had a dynamometry of 6 to 10 Kg/F, characterizing muscle weakness. About functionality 34% of patients were in bedside sitting and 27.4% walked, but 21.7% remained bedridden, expressing heterogeneous functionality that could be expounded by premature discharge. The study has shown  reduced peripheral muscle strength, which made it difficult to wean from MV, predominantly prolonged weaning, which possibly reflects a reduction in the patients’ functional capacity.

The "epidemiological transition" has fostered increasing attention to chronic and non-communicable diseases, but neglected diseases are still present and their relationship with the population's socioeconomic inequalities is increasingly evident, so much so that there has been a conceptual conversion to call them “poverty-related diseases”. It is a necessary to review and to discuss the characteristics and challenges of Brazilian pharmaceutical policies for populations affected by diseases related to poverty. This review of the literature was carried out, with works of the last 10 years dealing with the theme and the Brazilian reality. Out of the 272 identified articles, only 43 publications were included in this study. The results were: (i) the difficulties of investing in the research, development and production of new drugs for these diseases; (ii) the characteristics of access policies to medicines already available, their advances and limitations; (iii) and issues related to the right to comprehensive pharmaceutical assistance. Therefore, for the available therapies, national production and federal funding contributed to guarantee the supply. Assisted qualification actions are necessary and little discussed in area studies.

The species Kalanchoe laetivirens is a succulent from tropical areas such as Africa and Asia. Due to the favorable climate, this plant was introduced in Brazil where it is used as a medicinal alternative for the treatment of diseases such as infections, inflammations, diarrhea and wound healing. The compounds present in this organism belong, for the most part, to the class of flavonoids with antioxidant, gastroprotective, antiulcer, kidney stones, bacterial and viral infections. Thus, the objective of this work was to investigate the chemical compounds present in crude extracts and their fractions, as well as to verify their antimicrobial potential. For this, the plant sample was subjected to extraction with 70% ethanol and then fractionated with hexane, chloroform and ethyl acetate. Such extracts were analyzed in high performance liquid chromatography coupled to a mass spectrometer to verify the ions present in the samples. 3,7-di-O-rhamnosyl-cyanidin was found to be a glycosylated cyanidin. Its antimicrobial activity was determined to be negative against the tested pathogens.

Dengue is a major public health problem, which mainly affects the population of tropical and subtropical regions in the world, in addition to the thousands of travelers who visit these areas. Transmission occurs through the bite of female vectors of Aedes aegypti, Aedes albopictus, Aedes scutellari or Aedes polynesiensis, infected by the virus, which can lead to manifestations ranging from asymptomatic to hemorrhagic fever. Thus, the study carried out is an integrative literature review, described as a research method that allows for the search, critical evaluation and synthesis of available evidence on the topic investigated, being used twenty articles to carry out the same. Thus, dengue can be manifested in different ways, from asymptomatic infection to undifferentiated fever, dengue hemorrhagic fever or dengue shock syndrome. Therefore, the importance of detailed knowledge of all manifestations that can affect the patient with dengue is highlighted, in addition to performing a very detailed clinical examination, making use of complementary means for diagnosis, such as exams. Time is essential at this time, as it can favor the patient's prognosis, avoiding future complications.

Introduction: Integrative and Complementary Practices involve approaches that seek to prevent health problems and recover health through effective and safe technological mechanisms, promote warm listening, therapeutic bonding and integration between human beings, the environment and society. Objective: To investigate what has been published in the national and international literature on the use of Integrative and Complementary Practices in the treatment of children with cancer. Methodology: Integrative literature review, using the following databases: MEDLINE/PubMed, Library of Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS), Scopus and Web of Science. Results: Nine qualitative synthesis articles were analyzed, which addressed the integrative and complementary practices used in the care of children with cancer. The types of practices found were Reike, Apitherapy, Art Therapy, Medicinal Plants (phytotherapy) and Integrative Community Therapy. Conclusion: It is concluded that all studies presented point to a significant contribution of integrative practices associated with the treatment of childhood cancer. However, there is a need to replicate these findings in other more in-depth studies to develop a more sophisticated understanding of the topic, in addition to studies reporting the applicability of certain practices to the work of professionals who intend to work with the theme.