Repositório RCAAP

Objective: To identify the clinical manifestations of the gastrointestinal tract in patients affected by COVID-19 and monitored by the Municipal Health Department of Aracaju. Methodology: retrospective, cross-sectional, survey-type study, carried out from March to July 2020, based on information contained in a database of the Health Department of Aracaju. Sample composed of 3,342 patients registered in the telemonitoring program of the Department, who were tested and confirmed by RT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2. Data analyzed using percentage frequency, Pearson, Shapiro-Wilks and Mann-Whitney tests. Adopted significance level of 5%. Results and Discussion: 938 (27.36%) patients with gastrointestinal manifestations were registered: diarrhea 637 (18.58%), abdominal pain 158 (4.61%), nausea 156 (4.55%), vomiting 89 (2 .6%) and anorexia 119 (3.47%). With a mean age of 39.1 (±14.8) years, 563 (60%) were female and 930 (99.9%) lived in Aracaju or nearby. The mean age of severe cases was 55.5 (±18.9) years and 53.9% were male. The average duration of gastrointestinal symptoms was 6.5 days. All severe cases were hospitalized and, of these, 4 (0.5%) died. Main comorbidities associated with severe cases (p<0.05): cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, chronic kidney disease, cancer and neurological diseases. Conclusion: there was an important association between gastrointestinal symptoms in patients with COVID-19, especially in young and female patients. The presence of previous comorbidities was a statistically significant factor for the appearance of digestive tract manifestations.

The article describes the developing and validating process of a mobile application for pre-hospital emergency care electronic registration. We carried out a cross-sectional technological assessment study, using a descriptive design and a quantitative analytical approach. The researcher built the mobile application following the software engineering phases: requirements analysis, design and specification, construction, internal testing, maintenance, and external evaluation. We use the System Usability Scale (SUS) instrument to evaluate the mobile application. The study sample consisted of 25 participants: 15 pre-hospital care (PHC) professionals, registered nurses, licensed practical nurses working at the SAMU in São José do Rio Preto, and 10 Information Technology (IT) professionals. As a result of the validation, the APH Mobile application met the criteria of ease of learning the system (77.92) ± 0.09, system efficiency (75.76) ± 0.03, ease of memorization (66.67), minimization errors (76.67), and user satisfaction (84.44) ± 0.06. The application's SUS score of 76.67 ± 17.57 demonstrated that the application meets usability requirements. The application can increase the efficiency of information processing through a more immediate data collection, enabling data analysis and resulting in assistance and management gains, resulting from the availability of comprehensive, accurate, and timely information.

The objective of this research was to identify in the literature the instruments applied to measure the quality of life (QOL) in kidney transplant patients. This is a literature review carried out in the Pubmed, Science direct databases and in the Virtual Health Library (VHL) portal that identified publications that used Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (MRRP) in kidney transplantation. The corpus of analysis of this research was obtained by 23 articles, which presented different instruments for assessing QoL in kidney transplant recipients. It was possible to observe a low bibliographic production on this theme, with an average of 1.5 publications per year, considering the sample interval (1996-2021). The SF-36 was the predominant questionnaire among the analyzed studies, with the others having a generic approach with characteristics that diverged between the evaluator and the research objectives. Finally, this study pointed to the need for further research to assess the application of more specific instruments for this population so that the real needs of kidney transplant recipients are captured, contributing to patient-centered care.

Hospital infections are a challenge for public health, given their impact on patient prognosis and hospital costs. The objective of this article was to evaluate the bacterial occurrence and the bacterial profile of tracheal aspirates of patients admitted to the ICU. Retrospective, descriptive and documentary study, having as source spreadsheets available by the Laboratory of Clinical Analysis of the University Hospital. Results Of the 307 reports analyzed in 2017, 142 were positive, and in 2018 out of 319, 213 were positive. The most frequent microorganism in the two years was Acinetobacter baumannii, followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus aureus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. Acinetobacter baumannii showed resistance to several bethalactamics, including meropenem and imipenem and ampicillin sulbactam; sensitive to colistin and tigecycline. The isolates of P. aeruginosa from 2017 and 2018 were resistant to: meropenem, imipenem, ceftazidima, cefepima, ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin. However, for piperacillin tazobactam resistance was observed in the samples obtained in 2018. S. aureus was resistant to clindamycin, sulfamethoxazole trimethoprima and oxacillin; showed sensitivity to linezolid, tigeclicline and vancomycin. K. pneumoniae isolates showed resistance, among other drugs, to imipenem, meropenem, piperacillin tazobactam; on the other hand, amicacin and colistin were sensitive. The observed resistances denote the importance of the rational use of antimicrobials and provide data for the creation of empirical antibiotic therapy protocols for the treatment of patients hospitalized in the Institution.

Objective: To understand the social representations of health professionals about Tuberculosis (TB) care in the Homeless Population (HP). Method: Exploratory and descriptive study, with a qualitative approach, conducted in Campina Grande - PB. The population consisted of higher education professionals from the Primary Health Care (PHC); 45 professionals agreed to take part in the research. For data collection, held between April and July 2017, semi-structured interviews were performed and questionnaires were completed. The interviews were analyzed with the aid of the Iramuteq software, through the Descending Hierarchical Classification. The analysis used the theoretical-analytical device of social representations. Results: The following classes were identified: Life on the streets: context of vulnerability; Challenges for the diagnosis and treatment of TB in HP; Obstacles to HP access to PHC; and The issue of the Street Clinic Team (SCT). Conclusion: Despite the recognition of the context of vulnerability, a series of barriers to HP access to PHC was noted. Concerning the actions and organization of services, representations that do not consider the specificities of HP prevailed. The performance of SCT was seriously undermined.

Eosinophilic Esophagitis (EEo) is a pathology that has been growing over time. Epidemiologically it occurs variably both geographically and by age groups, with a higher incidence in adults than in children. The symptoms are based on the diagnostic picture combined with some clinical features, and can be confused with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The present study is an integrative review on dietary modifications in patients with EEo. We selected indexed articles from the last 10 years, available in full in English, Portuguese and Spanish. Data collection occurred in the following databases: Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), Virtual Health Library (VHL), National Library of Medicine (PubMED), Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (Medline) and Google Scholar. After applying the exclusion and inclusion criteria, 6 articles were selected for analysis and discussion. From the studies, it was concluded that there was improvement in the clinical picture of the patients studied from the adherence to exclusion diets and empirical elimination diets. Foods such as egg, wheat, gluten and milk were the most influential in the EEo, consequently influencing the symptoms. Therefore, the continuous monitoring and adherence to the recommended diet for patients with EEo is of utmost importance for their treatment and the result of reducing their symptoms.

Objective: To highlight and analyze how the humanized dental care of the transsexual population occurs and to identify the knowledge that the dental surgeon has about public policies for this population. Methodology: This is a study of narrative literature review. Literature review: It is important to emphasize the absence of transvestites and transsexuals in health services, especially in primary care, which should be the gateway to health services. As for the assistance to gays, lesbians, bisexuals, transvestites and transsexuals, violations of basic human rights by various social groups (including health professionals) such as segregation, prejudice, social marginalization, etc., promote the formulation of creating public policies specific health services for these audiences to ensure equity in care. Final Considerations: It is concluded that there must be a dignified service, making it necessary to invest in the preparation of professionals for specific treatments and care for the transsexual community.

Objective: The main purpose of this paper was to evaluate the incidence of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia (VAP) in an Intensive Care Unit (ICU) and the adherence of the bundles by healthcare professionals. Methodology: This study was prospective, observational, and quantitative, performed in an ICU located in Ponta Grossa (Paraná, Brazil) gathering data from December 2018 to February 2019 through medical records and bedside observations. Results: This study included 56 patients, of whom 3 acquired VAP. The multi-professional team performed several procedures that met the prevention bundles in that UCI, writing them down in medical records, but some of them were not being applied in practice or were not performed properly, exposing divergences between annotations and bedside observations. Conclusion: It is noted that bundles are effective in preventing VAP, reduces risks of HAI and, consequently, deaths. However, there is a need to guide the applicability and registration by the multidisciplinary team, optimizing the adherence of these measures, in order to improve the quality of health of patients and reducing costs and the length of stay in the ICU related to VAP.

This paper describes what the sacrifice is for consumption and proposes a scale to measure the sacrifice for (not) buying products. A multimethod approach was applied to achieve the proposed objectives. Initially, three qualitative studies were carried out (two focus groups and one interview with experts). Then, three quantitative studies were conducted (two online and a survey), and finally, two factorial experiments, 2x2 were developed. The act of sacrifice was understood as an exchange process in which some kind of benefit is sought, a fact that also consolidates the definition of sacrifice presented as the willingness to give up something that has value (monetary or not) in order to obtain some benefit (emotional and/or material) of greater importance. Furthermore, the existence of positive and negative elements in the sacrifice for (not) buying products, described as valence and instrumentality, respectively, was identified. It was also found that different levels of valence and instrumentality affect purchase intent. The elements that comprise the sacrifice for (not) buying products were presented, highlighting a definition that can reduce the doubts about what sacrifice is in the context of consumption, as well as how to measure it.

This research is the result of meetings given for the Undergraduate Course in Natural Sciences involving themes related to Chemistry Teaching and Inclusive Education, with emphasis on Hearing Impairment. The objective of this research was to map the works published in SIMPEQUIs between 2006 and 2021. The research was bibliographical in nature and sought to demonstrate to undergraduates the issue of inclusion of students with limitations and who will cross the path of their professional history. The methodology used was the reading of the records published in the chosen event, based on published works with this theme and discussions carried out during the Chemistry Teaching process. Our results were categorized into five parts: Conceptions of chemistry teachers and students; Use of symbology using LIBRAS, Theoretical works with reference to the State of the Art; Experimentation and Teacher Training. We conclude that there are important factors that significantly interfere in the association, learning and inclusion of students with Hearing Impairment in Chemistry classes: 1- Request for a LIBRAS Interpreter; 2- Materials necessary for the deaf student to develop reading and writing skills; 3- Classroom equipment, with visual resources; 4- The importance of inclusive education in the initial training of graduates and the search for continued training by Chemistry teachers in relation to the object of study of this research; 5- Preparation of low-cost materials by the students themselves, in order to value and motivate the class in general.

The evolution of customs, human need and contemporary means of production require an enormous amount of energy, such a production model applied by society leads to an accelerated pace in the extraction of natural resources, renewable energies appear as a mitigation of impacts on the environment. climate and the environment, for a substitution of non-renewable energy sources to occur for renewable energy sources seeking to mitigate the emission of greenhouse gases - GHG, projects such as the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) are necessary, enabling the commercialization of carbon, thus helping developing countries on a path towards sustainable development and using energy from renewable sources as a tool to reduce emissions, the general objective of the work was to evaluate the use of renewable energy as a tool for environmental services aiming at mitigation of climate change. The methodology consisted of information obtained from documents and reports, from the official websites of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), Center for Energy, Climate and Sustainable Development (UNEP DTU Partnership - CDM pipeline) and the National Agency of Electricity (ANEEL), in the results we identified a great difference between the projects in operation when related to the registrations in the CDM, and there were only two peaks of registrations of projects being in 2006 and 2012, the lack of registrations of the Brazilian projects can be give due to its complexity, bureaucracy, or uncertainty of its continuity given an uncertain future.

Abstract The aim of the present study was to evaluate the effects of different cryoprotectants and semen centrifugation on the kinetic parameters and membrane integrity of cryopreserved goat semen. Four buck goats were used, and their semen was collected using an artificial vagina. After semen collection and approval, six pools were formed, and each pool was divided into eight aliquots. The plasma was removed from four aliquots by centrifugation (1200 g/10 min) and subsequently diluted; the remaining four aliquots were diluted in standard Tris-egg yolk (SYE), standard milk (SME), test Tris-egg yolk (TYE) and test milk (TME) extenders without removing the seminal plasma. After dilution, samples were loaded into straws (0.25 mL), frozen and stored at -196 °C. The samples were thawed (37 °C/30 s) and evaluated immediately and two hours after thawing to determine the kinetics and integrity of plasma and mitochondrial membranes. A difference (p< 0.05) in the maintenance of sperm kinetics, plasma membrane integrity and mitochondrial potential was observed between the centrifuged and non-centrifuged groups and between the extenders at different time points. We concluded that the use of centrifugation to remove seminal plasma positively affects the semen evaluation parameters and that the yolk extender is more efficient when applied with different cryopreservation techniques, preserving the desirable traits after the cryopreservation of goat semen.

This study evaluated the knowledge and application of ergonomic principles as well as manifestation of pain by dental students at the Federal University of Maranhão. Forty-four students answered a questionnaire on ergonomic principles. Photographs of the clinical rounds were performed to evaluate the postures adopted, without the students knowing the moment of photographic registration, avoiding that they modified their posture. The relationship between theoretical knowledge and the applicability of ergonomics in dental setting was evaluated. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. The Chi-square test analyzed the distribution of categorical variables among the evaluation instruments (α = 5%). Most of the participants adopted a satisfactory posture and presented knowledge about ergonomic postures, however, one can observe the poor positioning of the eyes and spine. 75% of the patients experienced pain in the body, being the spine (61.4%) and neck (40.9%) the most affected sites. The sample evaluated had good knowledge on ergonomic principles, but these were not adopted entirety, which may have led to the onset of pain.                

This experience report aims to discuss the importance of instrumentality in the daily work of the Social Worker. Therefore, it became necessary to contextualize the theoretical dimension addressed by authors who dialogue on the topic, such as Yolanda Guerra, weaving threads with the researcher's work space as the central axis of discussion, presenting the home visit as a methodological instrument of highlighted work in the services performed at the Specialized Reference Center for Social Assistance – CREAS in Novo Oriente/CE. Nevertheless, the discussion takes into account the current context of the Covid-19 pandemic that the country is in, directly reflecting on the family, social and work routine. The methodology used consists of the bibliographic format and field research, with the intention of reflecting and explaining the different types of instruments and techniques that can be used to materialize the demands presented to the equipment, in particular, the home visit, object of study of this report, based on the theoretical contribution about the theme, which in professional practice become means for the objectification of intentions together with the subjects of their action.

Goal: Introduce the usage of the TIC podcast as a potential tool, based on prior scientific research, to boost the development of professional nutritionists. Methodology: a transversal, quantitative and descriptive study was carried out with professional nutritionists from the Brazilian territory, of both sexes. Data was collected online through a questionnaire developed in “Google Forms” and self-filled by the volunteer. Data related to sociodemographic and occupational profile, predominant type of social network consumed, health conditions and aspects related to the area of professional activity were collected. Results: Out of the 115 volunteers, 95% are women, 48.7% reported receiving more than 3 minimum wages, 46.95% receive from 1 to 3 minimum wages, in addition to data collected on issues that emphasized the labor journey, satisfaction with the profession, occupation area, challenges and motivations for changing the profession. Based on the analysis of this information, the first 10 themes were chosen for the creation of podcasts, debut and presentation, society of tiredness and productivity, professional devaluation, being a woman and its various roles/functions, weight stigma and aesthetic pressure in the profession , occupational stress and burnout syndrome, binge eating, career development, nutrition and digital influencers, and impunity. Conclusion: It is concluded that after scientific investigation, the data showed a dissatisfaction of nutritionists with the profession, desiring greater professional appreciation and that the podcast has the potential to be a credible tool, capable of meeting labor needs.

Burning any organic material can generate chemical compounds called PHA's, which has carcinogenic and mutagenic potential. This fact is especially important in the drying processes of agricultural products that are directly or indirectly used in food or feed. In order to verify the potential risk of contamination by PHA's, and of new equipment linked to the operation of drying agricultural products, the study evaluated a modern system of burning eucalyptus wood, in the form of chips, in the artificial drying of corn grains. For the development of the work, corn samples were collected in different days and harvest humidity, as well as operational drying data, such as temperature, relative humidity, and energy consumption. With the operational drying data, the system was technically evaluated. Samples of the product, before and after drying, were sent to a specialized laboratory to verify the presence or absence of PHA's. After the analysis, it was verified that both the humidity of the air and the moisture of the grains did not interfere in the production of hydrocarbons. However, contaminants were found in grains coming from the crop, but they were not potentialized by the drying process, keeping their indices below internationally recommended limits. The advantages regarding the chip drying process are automation and consequent decrease of labor, stability and temperature control, modulation of air flow, fuel economy and elimination of fire risks. The drawbacks are the high initial cost of the system, dimensional control, and the need for chip-covered storage.

Objective: Demonstrate the increase in neonatal mortality rates from preventable causes and its relationship with premature birth. Methodology: This is a descriptive study with a quantitative approach, developed from secondary data from the mortality information system (SIM) available at the Department of Informatics of the Brazilian National Health System (DATASUS). Results: In the year 2019 neonatal mortality for extreme immaturity and preterm newborn prevailed 877 cases (57.1%) over the total deaths referring to gestational disorders of short duration, corresponding to 600 cases (39%) of deaths for extreme immaturity and 277 cases (18%) of deaths for preterm neonates. Discussion: It is observed that in Brazil the highest rate of neonatal mortality is related to the ICD 10 P07 indicator that refers to disorders related to gestation of short duration and low birth weight. Conclusion: It is important to emphasize that even if there is inadvertence in the computation of the notification of these data, there is still a high number of cases in this category, because it is a public health problem that affects pregnant women and their families nationwide.

This article aims to analyze the socio-demographic profile of pregnancies and births that occurred in the state of Paraná between 2011 and 2019. It is an ecological study that compares social and health indicators of the population of the state. The information came from the Live Births System (SINASC) of the Ministry of Health, from all live births to mothers residing in the state of Paraná, between 2011 and 2019, the last year with available information. Reporting on the social conditions of the locality demonstrates the needs and characteristics of women residents, and contributes to the continuous design of the profile of pregnant women in order to contribute to the construction and evaluation of new health programs for women and children, and targeting of care the needs of the population served. We emphasize that teenage mothers become a vulnerable group, as many have low education followed by school dropouts, and generally belong to social classes with less access to information, so they must receive care that prioritizes their needs.

The educational system currently requires methodologies that generate changes in teaching and learning, making the student the protagonist of the construction of their own knowledge. The Project Pedagogy proposed as interdisciplinary education, aims to work skills and abilities necessary for social transformation. The redefinition of the school environment is necessary to insert the school in this contemporary experience, the change in attitude transforms the school into a significant place for teaching and learning, involving the school community within its reality. The methodology used is documentary and bibliographic research, with a qualitative nature. The project pedagogy presented in this article works on three important moments: The stage of problematization, work development and synthesis, effectively contributing to the formation of the student's social and cognitive development. The educator is the mediator of all pedagogical work and students acquire knowledge with the opportunity to make the educational action more meaningful.

Background: the use of medicinal plants with mosquito repellent properties constitutes an effective alternative, ecologically appropriate, and less aggressive to the environment. Objective: to present a protocol for a systematic review of clinical trials involving medicinal plants with mosquito repellent activity. Methods: the literature search was carried out using the Science Direct, SciELO, SciFinder, Springer, PubMed/MEDLINE, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. The search was carried out in August 2021 and included some work published in the Portuguese, English, or Spanish languages. The titles, abstracts, and articles in full were analyzed by three reviewers, independently, to identify the relevant studies. The referred protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) and the systematic review will be conducted according to the guidelines for Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes (PRISMA). Final considerations: the search for new repellents derived from plants that are standardized, effective, and safe in the prevention of diseases transmitted by mosquitoes makes it relevant to carry out a systematic review.