Repositório RCAAP

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Advanced reproductive techniques use the 3 phase of in vitro production for bovine embryos, i.e. in vitro maturation (IVM), in vitro fertilization (IVF) and in vitro culture (IVC) as support for a variety of studies. This study assessed the effect of cysteamine, a thiol component, on the embryonic development during maturation, fertilization and in vitro culture. Bos taurus indicus Cumulus-oocyte complexes (COC) obtained from cow ovaries collected at a slaughterhouse were randomly distributed in four groups: controlgroup (without cysteamine, n=488), cysteamine in maturation (n=487), cysteamine in fertilization (n=489) and cysteamine in the culture medium (n=493). All COC were matured for 24h in TCM-199+0,01IUrFSH/mL+0,05mgLH/mL+10% fetal calf serum (FCS). In the cysteamine-maturation group, the TCM-199 medium was supplemented with 150μM cysteamine. The COC were matured at 38.5ºC with 5% of CO2 in air and humid atmosphere. The IVF (D0=fertilization day) was performed for 18-22h in Talp-Fert medium with heparin and PHE under the same conditions as IVM. The medium of the cysteamine-fertilization group was supplemented with 150μM cysteamine. For sperm capacitation, the semen was thawed, selected by percoll gradient and insemination was done with 2x106 spermatozoa/mL. Presumed zygotes from all groups were cultured in SOF + 5% FCS. In the cysteamine culture group the SOF medium was supplemented with 150μM cysteamine. Culture was maintained at 5%CO2, 5%O2, 90%N2 and saturated humidity for 8 days. Cleavage rates were 86, 89, 88 and 90 respectively, for control, maturation, fertilization and culture groups. Percentage of blastocyst on D7 were 29, 31, 38 e 35 and blastocyst hatched on D9 were 21, 23, 27 and 29, respectively. This study showed that adding cysteamine to the fertilization or culture medium improve the blastocyst production. Commercial OPU/IVP programs maybe benefit from the use of cysteamine.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

This paper aimed to describe some lab and histological findings from an experimental infection of Trypanosoma (Trypanozoon) evansi Steel, 1885 (Balbiani, 1888) in rats (Rattus novergicus) belonging to the Wistar strain, testing the effectiveness of three medications. These animals were divided in 4 groups of 10 each and treated to three different chemical treatments after the detection of more than eight tripomastigotes for visual side of the blood smears at the light microscope with 1000 increase. Was tested injectable oxytetracycline 10%, benzonidazol per oss and injectable diminazene 7% while one infected and untreated group remained as control. Evaluation of treatment efficacy was performed through daily blood smears stained by Panotico Rápido® for 60 days. The rats were necropsied aiming histological examination. Treatment with diminazene was the most efficient since no parasites having significant difference (p < 0.05) between males and females of that group, which presented survive after the treatment of 14,4 days more than the males. Histological alterations findings were not specific.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Programa de Apoio aos Planos de Reestruturação e Expansão das Universidades Federais

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

A review on the peripheral nervous system (PNS) with emphasis on Schwann cells and neoplastic lesions of the system was performed. Schwann cells functions during PNS development as well as their importance during repair of nerve fibers and myelin within the nervous system were approached. Literature review points to numerous functions of Schwann cells and to new growth factors and genes that influence PNS development. A retrospective study of PNS tumors was made from the files of the Veterinary Pathology Laboratory of the Federal University of Santa Maria, Brazil, between 1964 and 2004. Peripheral nerve tumors summed up 12, 7 schwannomas and 5 neurofibromas. From those, 9 were studied from their clinical and macroscopical aspects, and histologically by histochemistry and immunohistochemistry. Histological features as neoplastic cell type, shape, cell differentiation, mitotic index, atypic cellular changes, encapsulation, eoplastic cells infiltration on surrounding tissues, edema, hemorrhage, necrosis, and inflammation were evaluated. Masson´s trichrome and Picrosírius red staining methods heightened connective tissue components that were more prevalent in neurofibromas with a characteristic deployment of collagens I and III. In AgNOR techniques both benign and malignant schwannomas and neurofibromas did not show significant statistic differences. Mast cells stained by toluidine blue were more prevalent in neurofibromas which are rich in reactive endoneurium. Schwannomas (100%) and nurofibromas (100%) were positive for vimentin and S100 protein, so they prove to be reliable for the diagnosis of PNS tumors. GFAP marked cells were randomly found within schwannomas and Schwann cells within neurofibromas, and this labelling must be used together with other techniques to reach and accurate diagnosis.

Nowadays the importance and interest for vitamins in human and animal health increased. When vitamin concentration is low in the raw material and is necessary to add multivitamin complexes to the animal diet a representative cost is incorporated to animals nutrition. The proposal of this study was evaluation and validation of a methodology by high performance liquid chromatography to quantify vitamin A in polyvitamin concentrates for animal nutrition. The method developed was adapted for the Micotoxicologic Analysis Laboratory conditions, placed at Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (RS), from a method published at United States Pharmacopoeia . The vitamin A extraction from concentrates was done using hexane as extraction solvent after hydrolysis and saponification. The recovery found for this method was 85.98% with a mean of relative standard deviation (RSD) of 1,52% at the repetition test using premix samples. All analyses were performed using a HPLC system with UV detection at 325 nm, a reversed phase column at 1 mL/min flow rate and 40oC of temperature. The mobile phase used was methanol:water (98:2, v/v) at isocratic mode. The calibration curve was constructed using standard vitamin A (All-trans-retinol) at concentrations varying from 0.475 to 9.50 μg/mL. The correlation coefficient (r2) was 0.9995, the detection limit 0.095 μg/mL and quantification limit of 0.24 μg/mL for Aderex (compound without vitamin A with non uniform particles) fortified samples.Observing the results obtained, in 15 premix samples analyzed, six samples (40 %) of them present values of vitamin A greater than the desired concentration. Four samples (26,67 %) had values bellow the expected and only five (33,33 %) presented values between the minimum and maximum preconized for birds and pig nutrition. In this way, this method was efficient, rapid and precise for routine analysis providing in this way, an important instrument for quality control in animal nutrition area.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

Amputation is the oldest surgical procedure recorded. In small animals, mainly dogs and cats, the goal of these procedures maintain the patient's life, when it is affected by lesions that progress to necrosis, malignancies, distal irreparable injury, and another one. The force platforms used to measure ground reaction forces involved inhuman and animal movement, allowing the interpretation of movement through mechanical variables. This study aims to analyse the distribution of weighting every limb and compare them with data from animals considered normal (with four limbs). It was studied 20 canines, divided into four groups: Group 1 (without the left forelimb), Group 2 (without the right forelimb), Group 3 (without the left hind limb) and Group4 (without the right hind limb). The animals evaluated within groups were not normal standard and they were above or below the upper and lower limits, because they had not one of the four members, adapting and transferring your weight to one of the other three members. It can be concluded that canines without the left forelimb band right forelimb transfer the weight to theirs contra lateral sides. Dogs that have not left forelimb transfer 76.99% of weight to the contra lateral side, as well as dog without right forelimb transferring 71.73% of weight to the contra lateral side. The canines that have not the left or right hind limbs, transfer weight to the forelimbs.

Canine distemper disease is a severe multisystem disease that affects the respiratory, hemolymphatic, gastrointestinal and neurological systems. The lesions induced by replication of canine distemper virus (CDV) produce an increase in reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to investigate parameters of oxidative stress by measuring the lipid peroxidation through the thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and the activity of the enzymes catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in dogs naturally infected with distemper virus. In this study we used 33 animals positive for CDV, attended at the Veterinary Hospital of the University of Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) and 21 clinically healthy animals were used as control. For the confirmation of the diagnosis RT-PCR (Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction) was performed in samples of rectal swab and/or serum. This study demonstrated a significant difference in lipid peroxidation, SOD and CAT activities in the analyzed groups, suggesting the involvement of oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of the disease.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

The Crioulo horse industry has increased exponentially in the last few years, this scenario, leads horse breeders to neglect individual aspects of the horse s development, interfering, mostly, in the nutritional management, as younger animals are participating in halter shows. These changes in horse management without considering individual aspects of growth, feeding and exercise level predispose these animals to the complex of diseases known as developmental orthopedic diseases. Radiographs were taken of both tarsi of 77 (31 fillies and 46 colts), of nine up to 26 months old Crioulo horses, competing or not in halter events. These young horses were divided in groups by age, with one including nine to 18 months old foals (G1) (34/77) and the other 19 to 26 months old ones (G2) (43/77). According to preparation or not for halter competition, horses were divided into GI (48/77) (average preparation time 4.55 months) and GC (control group, 29/77), respectively. Data were collected on 24 breeding farms or training centers, to determine the prevalence of osteoarticular changes. The results showed that 77.22% (61/77) presented some degree of radiographically visible lesions. The prevalence of lesions in males was 80.44%, 77.42% in females; 77.31% in the GC; 79.17% in the GI; 86.67% in G1 and 76.75% in G2. The mean body weight of the 10 to 12 month old yearlings (G1) was 293.25kg, representing 71.28% of the mature weight and that of the 19 to 26 month old ones (G2) was 360.5kg (87.71% of mature weight), the mean body weight of GC was 288.9kg (70.22% of the mature weight), and that of GI was 341.9kg (83.11% of the mature weight), even with the mean age of both groups being 16.79 and 18.98 months, respectively. A significant relationship was found between the animal s weight gain (p= 0.02; r= 0.26), body condition score (p= 0.03; r= 0.23), neck crest score (p= 0.018; r= 0.27) and wither s height (p= 0.01; r= 0.28) and the degree of the radiographic lesions found in the tarsi. Several factors can be involved in distal tarsal juvenile osteoarthritis; however the most important factor present in Crioulo breeding farms was the horse s overweight.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico