Repositório RCAAP

O presente trabalho busca compreender o desenvolvimento da Gemorfologia brasileira a partir da década de 1980, usando como base de compreensão os simpósios de Geografia Física Aplicada, ocorridos nos anos de 1984, 1986 e 1989. Tais eventos foram criados na tentativa de promover novos diálogos, que visassem para se discutir quais os caminhos que deveriam ser percorridos pelo campo da Geografia Física e consequentemente da Geomorfologia. Antes de se inserir na discussão proposta se faz necessário um esforço de compreensão dos caminhos percorridos pela ciência Geografia, desde sua institucionalização na década de 1930 até o momento proposto na pesquisa, buscando entender como foi feita a introdução da disciplina Geomorfologia em sua grade curricular, seu desenvolvimento e sua importância durantes as décadas. Nesta tentativa de compreensão usa-se do conceito de “campo científico” do sociólogo francês Pierre Bourdieu, sendo a ciência para ele compreendida como local de disputas que garantem o acumulo de capitais científicos e consequentemente maior poder de decisão dentro do campo científico, em nosso caso especifico o da Geografia, nesse campo científico encontramos momentos em que os grupos dominados se tornam dominantes. Nessa adoção conceitual procura-se observar os momentos de transição de poder dentro da ciência em questão, sendo necessário também compreender o contexto histórico a partir dos vários contextos, a citar o político, econômico e social.

Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

This research investigates how and in what way the Guaraná Festival in the municipality of Maués, in the Amazon, can contribute to the preservation or invention of the Mauesense identity. Therefore, we seek to understand the process that gave rise to the municipality of Maués and how guaraná became a reference in local cultural production. In the course of the festivities, we asked about the importance of cultural movements, percussionists of the Guaraná Festival, for the maintenance of traditions, such as the riverside, guaraná producer, and responsible for maintaining the practical, symbolic aspects of the celebrations as well as being used by the public authorities, aspects of Mawé cosmology in the invention of the Mauesense identity. To do so, we analyzed the identity formation process of the Mauesense people, related to the cultural production of guaraná, perceiving and describing the different meanings of drinking guaraná, analyzed as a reframed expression of the Mauesense social groups. The cultural activities surrounding the Guaraná Festival allow a reflection in two ways: the theoretical assumptions of the research dialogue with the debate on postmodern interculturality in the formation of identities linked to the territory; and the methodological path, taking into account a diversity of sources, takes place through the qualitative approach that allows us to relate to ethnographic research, enabling the continuous interpretative process. This was the paradigmatic idea used to elaborate forms of knowledge that allowed us to dialogue with the humanities, build stories, understand the construction of identities and understand cultural exchanges. The subjects involved in the interviews are people who participate in the experiences of cultural movements, teachers, artists, public managers, club coordinators, riverine people, entrepreneurs and students. The results reveal that the Mauesense identity is built on a diverse relationship of cultural exchanges between subjects of different shades and origins from different parts of the world. At the guaraná party, we noticed a speech in the performances in the quest to build a cultural homogeneity of ethnic origin, however, oblivious to the existing diversities in the history of local society. The thesis is part of the Research Line “Memory and Heritage”, of the Postgraduate Program in History at the Federal University of Santa Maria, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

The male and the female are woven into our mentalities from representations inscribed in our culture and in the products it creates. In this work, the female and male representations will be analyzed throughout the 1940s, 1950s and 1960s. For this, we will use the material published in magazines aimed at the female audience, in particular, The Cruzeiro and Journal of the Girls, understood here as behavior influencers. Our objective is to paper, in the classroom, how the roles of Woman and Man were constructed over time, their ruptures and their permanence. It is also intended to identify, as a counterpoint, the ways in which the feminist movement has acted as an influence on female and male behavior; in accepting the presence of women in public environments and in the labor market; as well as on the standard maternity and femininity models. The research will be based on the discussions of authors such as Joan Scott, Simone de Beauvoir, Margareth Rago, Maria Izilda Matos, Joana Maria Pedro, and Carla B. Pinsky. The study of the columns of women's magazines (The Cruzeiro and Journal of the Girls) will be carried out by analyzing the Memory Box, made available for each decade studied. Each box will contain the following historical variable sources: Newspaper; Fashion; Music, Film and Important Personalities; Advertisements and Column Excerpts. All material is available for student analysis on a website created for the activity. The work presented here is part of the class-workshop presented by the historian Isabel Barca, who argues that the teacher should be the mediator of knowledge. And that it is up to the students to be protagonists of their learning. At the end of the study of all the material, we propose that male and female students choose the decade that most aroused their curiosity to develop a Lapbook (folding book in the style of a 3-dimensional mental map) with the main information on male stereotypes and female of the decade that was chosen. The main objective of the work is to make the students understand that certain behaviors, now naturalized, were created and reaffirmed over time, and that they remain present in our society. And that such behaviors are, therefore, among the generators of several problems faced in our current reality. And it's up to them and them to break the bonds of what it means to be a Man and a Woman in the 21st century.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Introduction: The importance of early identification and maintenance of potential brain-dead organ and tissue donors provides a greater supply of organs and tissues for transplantation and improves the quality of life or allows greater survival for the recipient. Healthcare professionals must be involved at all stages of the organ donation process. This research aimed to understand how health professionals work in the process of identifying and maintaining the potential donor of organs and tissues in brain death and to contribute to the qualification of care practice in the organ donation process through educational actions, collaborating for the subsequent construction of an action plan. Method: The research used the methodological reference of Convergent Care Research. Data collection was between February 2020 and January 2021. The participants were twenty-six health professionals who work in the Adult Emergency Room of a general public teaching hospital in southern Brazil. Data collection was carried out through participant observation, semi-structured interviews, and convergence groups. We respected all ethical aspects involving research with human beings. Results: Four categories emerged from the data analysis: Feelings and motivations of health professionals facing the potential donor in brain death, in which professionals revealed that the process of organ and tissue donation is permeated by doubts and duality of feelings; Knowledge and practices of health professionals with a positive impact on the process of identifying potential brain death donors, related to agility in decisions and help and interaction between professionals in the institution; Challenges and interferences in the identification and maintenance of potential brain-dead donors such as the lack of knowledge and unpreparedness on the organ donation process; and Possibilities for the Development of the Identification and Maintenance Process of the potential brain death donor in the institution, in which the professionals suggested the development of an improvement plan. Conclusion: This study contributes to the opportunities for dialogue between health professionals about the reality of work in the theme and the suggestions for educational actions on the process of organ and tissue donation. It developed moments of reflection with health professionals, education on the topic, and development of strategies for the innovation of care practice such as the creation of flowcharts for the identification and diagnosis of BD, the maintenance of the potential donor and the organ donation process, besides an explanatory folder on brain death and organ donation in the institution. These materials will be a guide in the organ donation process and opportunities for change in care practice, already timidly viewed after the convergence group, which makes the Convergent Care Research method innovative in care practices in the medium and long term.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Conselho Nacional de Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul, FAPERGS, Brasil.

This article is the result of research and action, based on the presuppositions of bibliographic research, documentary, and applied research, which had as its theme the gamification, having been held between the years 2020 and 2021 in SETREM School in the city of Três de Maio. The research objective focused on contributing to a better learning process in history teaching through didactic games developed for sixth and seventh graders of the elementary school has as secondary objectives to produce didactic games for sixth and seventh graders of the elementary school through active methodology; to present gamification as a form of active methodology; to contextualize the gamification process as a teaching tool in history; and to reflect on the possibilities of the gamification process and its possible application in schools. The research the problem that guided the investigation was: Can games potentialize the teaching of history? The principal motivation for this research was my interest since I was a graduating student in the known active methodologies in history teaching in which I came to know about gamification. The central concepts of this work were the process of playfulness and active methodologies as the principal one the gamification. Besides the discussion and systematization of these concepts we showed 1 game built before fully mastering the concepts of gamification and developed 2 games using gamification, one focused at the sixth and the other at the seventh grades of elementary school to potentialize the teaching of history, highlighting that they have not been used so far, because of the situation of the COVID-19 pandemic. As a result of the research, we can mention the importance of gamification in teaching history, reiterate the possibilities of creating games, and display two products that can be used to help in possibilities for teaching history.

The presence of teeth with severe discoloration can cause great discomfort for patients, especially when these teeth are located in the anterior region of the dental arch, leading to the search for a restorative treatment to correct this problem. The use of resin composites to mask discolored teeth is an excellent treatment, because in addition to presenting great results, it is also a minimally invasive technique. A variety of materials and techniques are available for the restorations. All of the techniques described prove to be successful, especially when a more opaque resin is used to mask the discolored substrate. There is few evidence specifically related to the technique of layering resin composites to mask discolored substrates and their behavior against aging. Thus, there is a need for additional studies, such as in vitro studies and literature reviews, to deepen knowledge on the subject and also to scientifically confirm the distinct benefits of each existing technique. Therefore, the objective of the present study is to evaluate the masking ability of resin composites, through an in vitro study and a scoping review. In the in vitro study it was possible to conclude that the masking ability was affected by the layering technique, the discolored substrate and the water aging. In the scoping review, to achieve an ideal masking of the C4 substrate, an opaque resin layer at least 0.5mm thick or a combination of resins with different degrees of translucency/opacity with a final thickness of 1.5mm must be applied. To mask the black background of the oral cavity, a layer of at least 1.0mm of opaque resin composite must be used.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES

Background: The loss of upper posterior teeth leads to bone resorption and maxillary sinus pneumatization, often preventing immediate insertion of dental implants and leading to the need for sinus floor augmentation (SFA) and bone graft. Objective: To evaluate, in cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images, the volumetric changes in the alveolar ridge and maxillary sinus after bone grafting for SFA and dental implants placement. Materials and methods: Bone and sinus volume of 16 maxillary sinuses of 12 patients submitted to SFA, bone graft, and implant placement were evaluated. CBCT exams were performed three times: evaluation of the residual bone (T0), evaluation of the graft after SFA before implant surgical planning (T1), and evaluation after implants healing (T2). All DICOM formatted images were evaluated by two calibrated examiners (ICC > 0.9) using ITK-SNAP software. The volume measured at each time point was compared using the ANOVA test. Clinical and demographic variables were collected and the percentage of bone gain and resorption were compared using the t-test. The significance level considered was P < 0.05. Results: The bone volume showed a significant increase after SFA (T1), with also significant resorption (T2); the sinus volume showed a significant reduction after SFA (T1) but with volume maintenance over time (T2). Sites with volumetric variation at T1 greater than 200% had lower longitudinal resorption (p=0.036), with no association with clinical or demographic variables (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The present study found an average increase of 200% in the bone ridge after SFA and an average resorption of 11% over four years, after implant placement, concentrated in the cervical region of the implants. Bone gain and resorption of the graft volume were not associated with the clinical or demographic variables of the patients.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES