Repositório RCAAP

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Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos

Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos

Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos

This dissertation presents an ethnographical research of the relationships between the Tupi Guarani from Village Renascer with the Guarani Mbya and nonindians. The purpose was to understand the formation history of the village within its particular context: the recording of the film titled Hans Staden. I try to articulate how this community is organized within an area of environmental protection and how they establish a strict dialogue, either with other indigenous groups or non-indians, based on the notion of "culture . There is a convergence between the Guarani Mbya, but is also an emphasis on demarcation of alterity. The Tupi Guarani highlights that come from a mixture of Tupinambá and Mbya, besides of the non-indians. This self-description is present in the speech of other villages of the coast of São Paulo state, which are part of a circuit of reciprocity, marking the existence of a Tupi Guarani territoriality that is multisite.

Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos

Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos

Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos

The urban ambiental quality, in terms of proportionable beneficence for value of Indice to the Green Public Areas (IAVP),influenced the used concept and methtodologyc properties (influence area) to the multiple categories of public green areas space distributed in city, the present study had as objective to analise the interference area of influence in different categories of public green areas and consequently in ambient quality of Erechim (RS). Two distinct methodologyc procedures had been considered, based respectively in the total use of public green areas of urban area and in use of the categories to green public areas that fulfill the functions structural, legal and ecological. The used procedures identify a geometric figure for each public green area in wich benefit proportionate to the same one are quantified in terms of Density Green Areas (DAV),as direct result of relation surface of green areas (m²) and the surface area of distribution benefits (km²). In a subsequent stage, the density of green areas(m²/km²) was divided by population density (inhabitants/km²), resulting in Index Public Green Areas (m² green area/inhabitants). The applied procedures consider the distribution of proportionate services to the public green areas in the urban space, allowing determine the alterations in values of IAVP function of localization and the categories of public green areas.

The morphology and size of bacterial cells taken from three reservoirs in different trophic state (Barra Bonita eutrophic, Broa mesotrophic and Lagoa Dourada - oligotrophic), were analysed through images acquired by epifluorescence microscopy (with DAPI fluorescent stain). In these water-bodies, the relative frequencies were calculated for each bacterial morphotype (coccus, coccobacillus, bacillus, vibrio, filament and spirillum) and biovolume. The relative frequencies of biovolumes and morphotypes were converted into indexes of size diversity (SDI) and morphological diversity (MDI) using the Shannon Index for calculations, and population densities (D) were also estimated. These values were compared with the mean trophic state index (mTSI) calculated for each environment. Among the physical and chemical variables, total phosphorus discriminated most clearly between different trophic states during the studied period, while among biological variables, bacterial population density was the most significant indicator of the trophic state of the environments. The MDI proved to be significantly different between the eutrophic and oligotrophic environments, as well as between the mesotrophic and oligotrophic reservoirs, but not consistently so between the eutrophic and mesotrophic, possibly because of the similarity of the trophic state in the last two. The SDI was found to differentiate significantly between the eutrophic and oligotrophic environments, but not between either of these and the mesotrophic. In the oligotrophic environment there was an extremely significant negative linear correlation (r = - 0.9735, p = 0.001) between mTSI and MDI; this correlation was especially significant with chlorophyll concentration (Chla) but not significant with the other components of the mTSI.

Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos

Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos

Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos

Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos

Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos

Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos

Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos

Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos

Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos

Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos