Repositório RCAAP

This paper aims to discuss theories called multi-representational models (usagebased phonology and exemplar models), highlighting the contributions of these theories to the comprehension of sound variation and change. According to multi-representational models, variation is part of a speaker’s knowledge and is represented in his mind alongside with sociointeractional factors. Thus, mental representation is considered multiple, variable and dynamic as language is. We argue that multi-representational models give an important contribution to variation analysis incorporating gradient templates and probability in the organization of linguistic knowledge.

The goal of this work is the study of the alternation between two verb tenses – Future of Past Tense and Imperfect Tense – in main clauses of hypothetical contexts in the speech of maceioenses. The alternation between these two verb tenses is possible because these tenses share the property of referring to unfinished/unbounded events/actions. What puzzles us is the reason that makes a speaker choose one or another verb tense. We start from the hypothesis that the Imperfect Tense supersedes the Future of Past Tense in main clauses of hypothetical contexts of spoken language.

This article deals with the variation MORE ~ AND in the context of coordination of elements in the sentence. It seeks to identify the linguistic contexts that favor the use of one variant or another, as well as to check the trajectory of variant MAIS in afrodescendant rural dialect considering linguistic and social factors along the lines of Sociolinguistics. In this research it was considered that the variation MORE ~ AND is a result of contact between languages that occurred in Brazil during the colonization period, thus, we selected two Afro-descent rural communities – Helvecia and Cinzento - located in the state of Bahia. The results show that the use of MAIS is favored in the community of Helvecia, among adults and elderly speakers, among illiterates and those who never left their communities.

This paper aims to analyze the output forms of the post-vocalic lateral in the community of Lages/SC under the Variation Theory, since, in Brazilian Portuguese, the lateral /l/, when in the final position of a syllable, is performed in a variable manner, ranging from alveolar [l], velar [], semivowel [w], deletion [Ø] or rhotacism [r]. According to the literature, such variation may happen due to either social or linguistic factors. Due to the results obtained after running the software VARBRUL, we chose a binary analysis for the vocalization of the lateral against other forms of realization of the phoneme /l/, however comments that we considered appropriate regarding all of them are made.The analysis of our data is compared and contrasted with the results achieved in previous studies and shows that social factors such as age, educational background and sex are relevant to the application of a variable rule as well as the linguistic factors stress, morpheme border and precedent phonological context. Lastly we analyze the social factors that favor the many output forms of /l/, based on the data supplied by each of the interviewees used in this research.

Our study is the result of a Labovian sociolinguistic research whose object of study consists of the variable use of anaphoric forms in accusative as clitics, personal pronouns and null objects. We have mainly based our study on Camara Júnior (2004), Cyrino (1993, 1997. 2000), Duarte (1989) and Oliveira (2007). The methodology used for the description and analysis of the data is based on Quantitative Sociolinguistics (LABOV, 2008 [1972]). The sample investigated in this work consists of written texts produced by students from the 6th, 7th, 8th and 9th grades, from four public schools in Florianópolis, Santa Catarina. The independent internal variables include semantic, morphosyntactic and syntactic aspects, and the independent external variables are: ‘sex’, ‘age’ and ‘schooling’. The results revealed that the “reto” pronoun and the null object were the students’ most frequently used variants, and the “oblíquo” pronoun appeared as a rarely used option, mainly conditioned by the antecedent ‘animacy’ feature.

This article takes three tries on understanding why crime fiction is such a global phenomena and what it has to say about world literature. In first place, we’ll approach the question as it was formulated by G. K. Chesterton in 1902, i. e., why detective stories are so popular. He has two arguments: the genre’s ability to talk about the present and the way it guarantees the well being of the society. A second try rounds about crime fiction’s structure, as formulated by Roger Caillois and Tzvetan Todorov. Ultimately, the massification of crime fiction is explained by its behavior as a genre, after Jacques Derrida and Anvitta Ronell’s studies. In conclusion, crime fiction, as a genre, has a economy similar to world literature, as it repeats itself through space and time, and, by this proliferation, acquires marks, anomalies. World literature is also a proliferation that has its untranslatable marks.

The universe of bestiaries, with its formulaic variations and interpolations (complex, seemingly endless), offered a narrative possibility within the framework of hybrid (between the descriptions and the conceptions, all evoked by the mimetical structure of narration). Vilém Flusser and Louis Bec, in the end of the twentieth century, recovering something of the structure of the composition of medieval bestiary, as well as some of his provocative mixed structure to propose a mirror to the man in the deep ocean, the Vampyroteuthis infernalis.

The paper aims to conceptualize the term poverty having as main subjacent notion the George Bataille’s writes related with the necessity of parity in the western economy, as well as the imperative in dismantles it to clouding the sterility, i.e., creation. Since then, it will examine four Murilo Rubi~o’s stories – placing them, in the end, in contrast to the poem "A ingaia ciência" from Carlos Drummond de Andrade – to note how, as opposed to the poet, the storywriter does not adopt a melancholic posture related to the gift’s inexistence by constituting, in his writings, an immensely ruined splendor, as Bataille’s concept.

In this paper, we analyze the novels Aparição and, more briefly, Alegria breve by Vergílio Ferreira, a portuguese writer. In this analysis, we highlight the way the narrator of the novel works the theme of epiphany. This theme is one of the major philosophical movement called existentialism.

Memory is represented here as the dehiscence of perception, and the concept of dehiscence based on its phenomenological dimension, that is, as opening or creative encounter that makes the existence of the double possible. That is the memory that, conceived apart from the existence of each textual formation, that, depending on each discursive dimension that has generated it, will present repertories, or harmonic sets of interpreters, different ones. The memory is, this way, projected in its noble way, or form: the one that is conceived by the Wild Spirit or by the Brute Being (concepts found in MerleayPonty’s work); is, this way, history of life, that gets the discursive formations as an excess of what one wanted to do, say or think, this excess opens the possibility of retaking and creating to others. The corpus to the analysis was made of Hilda Hilst’s texts, mainly the ones found in Júbilo, Memória, Noviciado da Paixão; and the analysis had, as its principal epistemological base the Discursive Semiotics; the theoretical base of this work is also composed by the Philosophy and the Phenomenology – Bergson and Merleau-Ponty.

Review of “Espaços da recordação” by Aleida Assmann

Literature is an artistic practice that tries to capture contingency, diversity, and movement in reality. In fact, literary art is made up of approximating essays. It´s an essayist art. Philosophy, all along history, has almost always shown a contrary tendency, as it reduces the richness of diversity to conceptual units, it tries to discover whatever is essential, and form systemic ideas. In this article, however, we would like to analyse a philosophic text that contradicts such tendency, namely, Menon, a dialogue written by Plato.We intend to show that the dialectic procedures developed by Plato come up with an essay on the central theme - virtue - which motivates the dialogic aspect in Menon. The Platonic concepts that will help to make all this clearer are doxa (opinion), alethésdoxa (true opinion), and eudoxia (harmonious opinion). If philosophizing becomes essay-like, then philosophizing is in tune with the art of literature.

This study approaches the metaphysics’ problematic in the work of the Argentine writer Jorge Luis Borges based on the analysis of literary images minted in his short stories and essays, especially those included between 1932 and 1952 (dates of releases of books Discussion and Otras Inquisiciones), time that most closely adhered to the theme, seeking to understand not only the dialogue established with the philosophical tradition, but also the internal logic of efficiency that guides. Are fundamental here, the concepts of memory and translation developed by the author, since break with established traditions and introduce an unsuspected motion in legacy of metaphysical arguments.

Both philosophy and literature looked for, during the last century, the overcoming of conventional, collective time, towards the time of world, or time of consciousness. The concern gave origin to many literary techniques that try to represent time. These techniques are commonly linked to Bergson, even though the French philosopher demonstrated the impossibility of representation by the consciousness of real time. Heidegger also insisted on the necessity to handle conventional time to arrive to effective things time. Graciliano Ramos undertakes, in the short-story “O relógio do hospital”, an experience of inner monologue that intent to represent this effective time, but that ultimately illustrates the unrepresentative nature of this, as pointed out by Ricoeur. This failure causes the literature create new mechanisms of representation, supported by the contractual relationship with the reader.

From the closed world to the infinite universe” – the title of Russian philosopher Alexander Koyré´s work expresses the redefining historical movement of modernity. The “closed world” would be that related to Aristotelian concept of cosmos, still untouched by the revolutionary impacts of scientific methods and language, by the efforts of intellectual redefinitions generically known as Scientific Revolution. In Dostoevsky’s Notes from the Underground a “sick man” reveals a kind of illness untreatable by scientific experts. In this work, Dostoevsky presents several issues concerning modernity and the advancement of the nineteenth century rationalism. In doing so, the author anticipates and develops (giving a strong literary expression to) issues discussed throughout the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, for instance by psychoanalysis and philosophy of science. The purpose of this article is to point out briefly these possible dialogues, highlighting the contradictions, flaws and criticisms directed by Dostoevsky to the "infinite universe" that expanded on nineteenth-century Russia.

The reflections presented in this article aim to indicate the complex relation, which we find flagrant, among text production as a school activity, students’ writings in response to proposed exercises and the teachers’ evaluation of the text production process. Our observations focus on students’ reading comprehension of given text production exercises that lead to written compositions. That reading comprehension is studied through two different theoretical perspectives and it is observed from the concept of creativity. The first perspective focus on school principles in which we base the teachers’ evaluation of students’ compositions, and the second refers to the theoretical and methodological principles of the Theory of Enunciative and Predicative Operations, whose author is linguist Antoine Culioli (1990). Our option for the second perspective is justified by the fact that it is established on cognitive and linguistic issues, in which we base our reflections about language teaching.

Travelling as a method of obtaining knowledge of the world and self-knowledge is present in literature and in Western culture since Homer’s epic verses. The example of Ulysses, a model of a wise man, was from time to time updated by the Arts and by different currents of thought. This paper proposes a reflection on the theme from the approach to philosophical, political and religious principles in the 16th and 17th Century Spain, as well as from the literary works of female authors who present through their main female characters, or in an autobiographical way, experiences related to travelling as a means to make an inner journey of self-discovery. We will observe how the precepts of neo-stoic philosophy that guided the rules of conduct of the Spanish nobility in the above-mentioned period, were mimicked by the Belles-Lettres. Starting from one of the short-stories by María de Zayas (1637), we will point out in works from different times the repeated updating of the dialog between literature produced by women and the classic philosophical propositions that teach how to achieve self-knowledge and wisdom.

This work aims at discussing the notion of relation based on the linguistic theories of Ferdinand de Saussure, Émile Benveniste, and Oswald Ducrot. Such notion, advanced by Saussure from the theoretical primitive stating that language (“langue”) is a system of signs, becomes productive in the foundation of other enunciative theories, such as Theory of Enunciation, of Émile Benveniste, whose concept of language encompasses enunciation, and the Theory of Argumentation Within Language, of Oswald Ducrot, which proposes that the argumentative value is given by similarity and difference in language (“langue”). Thus, it is noticed that both theories are grounded on the notion of relation, to which they attribute the concept of enunciation. This concept brings language into play, and therefore intersubjectivity, since the latter is inherent to language. The notion of relation allows the displacement of linguistic reflection towards teaching, so as to question the role of intersubjective communication between teacher and student and to reveal its implication and contributions to working with texts in the classroom.

This paper takes the Argumentation Theory in Language in its current phase, namely the Theory of Semantic Blocks, developed by Oswald Ducrot and Marion Carel, as theoretical basis for the purpose of engaging in a brief analysis of an opinion article entitled The Brazilian doesn’t read, written by Danilo Venticinque (Epoca Magazine). In order to explain how the language builds the senses introduced in this paper and reflect upon this theory implications in the teaching context, it was sought, first, to approach the philosophical assumptions that support the argumentation theory, through Plato, Saussure and Benveniste, it’s discussed the notions of otherness, respect, value and agency. Then summarizes the main concepts used in the argumentation theory, especially the argumentative thread to conduct the analysis of the article. Finally, some reflections were developed on the implications of this theoretical-analytical route to the teaching context.

The purpose of this paper is to present the study of the book "Campo Geral" (1976) by Guimarães Rosa, centered on the analysis of the character Miguilim while in his training path. There is, in this narrative, a monitoring consciousness of the protagonist and the privilege of knowing the growth of strength and inner freedom of the child in adverse conditions. Beside the nature, the contact with the family microcosm of the boy prepares him for exiting the Mutum and watch the world. The analysis of this trajectory intends to highlight some approaches with the formation novel Emilio (2004), by Jean-Jacques Rousseau.