Repositório RCAAP

The present work is related to the research group "Crítica e imaginário na literature sul-rio-grandense”. This article analyses the novel Onde andará Dulce Veiga? By Caio Fernando Abreu on the perspective of the narrative´s construction which translates the hero´s trajectory, in a symbolic dimension. The analysis is a rereading of the labyrinth myth, showing the main character’s pilgrimagein his labyrinthine path in a Brazilian metropolis. The analysis shows how the contemporarywork in its symbolic construction, represents the paths of the hero´s adventure, as well as identifying in the work the images that unveil the contemporary subject searching for the notion of identity through the recuperation of the memories.

Ideally, readers build meaningful and coherent mental representations of the texts they read (Kintsch; van Dijk, 1978; van Dijk; Kintsch, 1983; Gagné et al., 1993), and they are able to express such mental representations in summaries and recall protocols. Furthermore, strategic readers approach a text keeping in mind the reading situation, i.e., reading purposes and text type, while monitoring their comprehension (Carrell, 1989; 1998; Paris; Lipson; Wixson, 1983; Paris; Wasik; Turner, 1991). The present study aims at investigating to what extent eight Brazilian university-level students are strategic when producing written summaries of an expository text in English as L2. Participants took part in a workshop on how to produce summaries from expository texts in English and their production was collected and analyzed in terms of how strategic they were in displaying controlling, central and secondary ideas. Participants were proficient and strategic readers in both L1 and L2 (Portuguese and English, respectively), and were knowledgeable of academic genres. Therefore, it was hypothesized that they would be able to construct a meaningful and coherent representation of the text, while monitoring their reading comprehension, which, in turn, was expected to be reflected in their production of summaries. Results revealed that the majority of the participants were strategic when approaching the text and could build a coherent mental representation of it, while some of the participants omitted some central and secondary ideas. 

The ability to compute hierarchical recursive structures, such as those found in natural grammars, has been identified as a key feature for distinguishing humans from other primates (HAUSER; CHOMSKY; FITCH, 2002). This kind of structure, however, does not seem to be exclusive to the domain of natural language. In strictly structural terms, a parallel can be drawn between linguistic sentences and numerical expressions. Specifically, in both cases there may be structures with center-embedding. This paper aims to address the notion of linguistic recursion, within the framework of Generative Theory, and to report experimental results. A self-paced reading experiment was designed to explore a priming effect in the processing of recursive structures associated with different cognitive domains, namely, language and numerical cognition. The data do not support the idea that the processing of similar structures is affected by cross-domain syntactic priming. The results are discussed in the light of a concept of an interface between an on-line model of linguistic computation and of current evidence from the field of neuroscience.

This paper aims to present the results from a study that investigated the performance of children in reading comprehension tasks. The participants were enrolled in the 2nd and 3rd grades of a public elementary school in the metropolitan area of Porto Alegre. We applied a questionnaire that included eight questions about a story read by the participants. The evaluation was applied at two different moments during the reading of two different stories. In addition to the questionnaire, we evaluated evidence of a household environment that stimulated literacy, by means of interviews with the participants, and the level of schooling of the participants. The results show that participants had an adequate level of comprehension for the tasks. The answers given by participants indicate that their performance ranged from high to medium.

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All it took was the arrival of a young body in the cell full of old men worn out by the World’s pain, for something to happen that morning. This is the case of the play Barrela (1958), by the Brazilian writer Plínio Marcos (1935-1999), whose dense narrative, full of intense dialogues and cleaved by multiple affects, allows us to think about a whole conception of humanity, subjectivity and institutionality in the Brazilian prison space during the 1960s and 1970s. The text analyzes the image of the violated young body, describing the intersections of class, gender, generation and sexuality that split a collective subjectivity based on pain and the reproduction of physical and psychological violence. However, it avoids incurring processes of individualization or psychologization of violence, but precisely seeking to think about the subjectivation technologies that Plínio Marcos’s literature allows to analyze in order to think about the affects, perceptions and tensions that his writing presents. From the dialogue with Michel Foucault, Gilles Deleuze and Maurice Blanchot, we seek to think about the relations between History and Literature, questioning the ways of giving reality to read through writing and social criticism operated in the midst of dark times. In this way, the article aims to contribute through an experimentation exercise to think about Brazilian history and the history of the young body from a literary source that, as a work of art, can always open other ways of thinking and feeling. Such a process allows us to think of literature as an ethical-political creation gesture about the world and life.

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Recently, historians such as Paulo Knauss and Peter Burke affirmed the importance of visual sources as an object of research for History, and that the encounter with imagery sources would occur soon and a historiographic evaluation of this process would be necessary. Based on the premise that this historiographic renewal has already taken place, this article intends to draw general lines on the theme Historiography and Image in the international and national circuit. Thus highlighting the international “imagery turns” and the paths of formation of Brazilian intellectual networks that dedicated themselves to the subject. Therefore, highlighting the historiographic renewal in the Graduate Programs, relevant authors, as well as works and books. In this way we composed a short History of Historiography on the use of images as a historical source.

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This article analyzes the novel A Carne, published for the first time in 1888, from a dialogue between this fictional narrative with studies by Foucault, Didi-Huberman and Mary Del Priori, as well as through analysis of the critical reception of the work in certain Rio periodicals. A comparative approach was also carried out between A Carne and other naturalistic novels from the same period, with an emphasis on the social criticism present in this literary field. Therefore, the writer Júlio Ribeiro, no matter how much he elaborated a novel full of erotic themes to interpret the female condition, did not manage to completely break with the manorial standards of his time.

This article intends to introduce the theme of the historicity of music, starting from a theoretical-methodological approach based on aspects of the work of the French philosopher Jacques Rancière. The debate established by the author about the three regimes of identification of art – ethical, representative and aesthetical – as a way of thinking and demonstrating the historicity of literature and cinema, for example, can be applied to the analysis of the historicity of music. As we can deduct from the French author’s work, the main aspect to be considered for the historicity of a musical expression is not the “time”, “era” or “society” to which a musical expression would belong – using the “context” as a general basis to identify its historical specificity – but rather, the rationality present in the way in which the main elements of a musical expression are identified. In this rationality, the principles used in the interpretation are fundamental and, in turn, they lead to a historicity that conceives time/space not as a determining factor of a historical event, but the convergence of multiple temporalities in coexistence as its main characteristic, understanding the historicity of music out of static historical blocks. Throughout the article, brief examples of how the three regimes can be identified in broad debates regarding the historicity of music will be demonstrated and, at the end, a scene will be build, in order to perceive in an initially singular event – E.T.A. Hoffmann’s and Adolf Bernhard Marx’s critiques about Beethoven’s Fifth and Ninth Symphony, respectively – the confrontation of two regimes of historicity in art.

The purpose of this text is to propose conceptual ways of approaching the different expressions of Shinto. We departure from the events surrounding the Meiji Restoration (1868) to suggest at least three forms of religion expression: the first as manifestations of supernatural figures and the worship of local deities (神 – kami); the second named Jinja Shintō (神社神道) is understood as encompass local shrines (神社 – Jinja) and the religious institutions linked to the families of priests; the third linked to the Japanese state (国家神道 – Kōkka Shintō). From the theoretical perspective, religiosity is understood from the works of Mircea Eliade (2010), while the concept of religion is approached through the elaboration of Pierre Bourdieu (2005). Theses theoretical approach are relaxed from reflection on what is religion in Japan (SHIMAZONO, 2005) and how the western concept of religion was translated into Japanese (KRAMER, 2013). As a result, we seek to demonstrate the existence of the various Shinto and that, therefore, the approaches to religion should be flexible aiming at particular manifestations of the phenomenon.

Christian institutions of care, particularly those related to healthcare and the care of the poor, are believed by some scholars to be one of the most important causes for the spread of Christianity in Late Antiquity. However, historiography pertaining to the medicalization of these institutions is scant, and often scholars are at odds with one another regarding key points on the topic. In this article we review the most important positions, as well as give our own take on the topic, through the analysis of written and archaeological evidence. We have found that most of these institutions were not medicalized, and that those that were did not show any clear signs of following traditional ancient medical sects. We conclude that these institutions can mostly be considered important in Christian expansion by their care for, and not by their cure of, of the poor.

This article investigates power relations, evidenced from workers experience, legally defined as children and teenagers. To that end, it evidence images referring to the actions and behaviors registered in the press and lawsuits, in the Western Paraná, between the mid-20th century and the beginning of the 21st century. It addresses social aspects that point to the dynamic of pressures and affirmation of moralities as indicators of the positioning of subjects, exposing the configuration of decisions involving child labor. An analytical path that highlights controversial conduct assumed by those involved in these relations (since the family, the alleged patrons/employers, the public agencies, the police and judicial sectors, beyond means of communication), with emphasis on inconveniences of this historical materiality, confronting them with values promoted in our present. In this plot, visualizes itself occurrences presenting these young workers in the street trade and provision of services, as well as in industrial activities. Circumstances that allow the formulation of inquiries regarding the conditions and senses erected in such conducts.

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This article studies the actions and experiences of the peasant population of Cariri Cearense, called cabra, highlighting that they must be seen as a rational reaction movement of a suffered population, in an environment often hostile by the occurrence of prolonged droughts and the smallpox epidemic in the face of struggle for access to land and better living conditions. Seen from below, the Cariri with green and fertile lands due to the presence of cane fields and Serra do Araripe, has become an arid environment from the perspective of peasants. The drought of the years 1825, 26 and 27 followed by famine and the smallpox epidemic and the recruitment for the Cisplatin war in 1828, hit the peasant populations of the region, whose political reaction was expressed in adherence to the Pinto Revolt Wood. In this process, the reaction of the peasants was used by the lordly elite to highlight them as dangerous, fanatical, anarchic groups.

This article intends on anylizing the beginning, development and the repercussions of the Paraguay War or Triple Alliance (1864-1870). It also intends on analyzing the different historiographic interpretations produced about the conflict and nevertheless, a correlating one of these perspectives with the production of the painting “Batalha do Avaí” (1877), by the eighth hundred’s artist Pedro Américo. In conclusion, we will establish a correlation between this artwork and the time of it’s production, in other words, the second half of the XIX century. Since this period of time was strongly influenced by the known “historical pantinig” and bythe state foundings that were looking for Paintings that were showcasing retrating deeds, heroes and the greatness of a nation. At last, we will analyze some passages that are represented in the historical painting.

Environmental History is still relatively new in the historiographic enterprise, so it is worth discussing its research potential. In Brazil, it can be said that there are a vast number of sources available that predates us by some centuries and that needs to be explored to advance this field of history. In addition, the peculiarities of the historical formation of the Brazilian people fundamentally needs to be considered. In this sense, we highlight an approach on the indigenous theme, since the environmental dilemmas result from a predatory colonization in which we inherited this same sense of development for the country. The purpose of this article is, therefore, to draw attention to available sources, such as the state of Amazonas; besides offering some reflections on the Brazilian indigenous man for the construction of an environmental history. For that, we proceeded with the analysis of excerpts from journals and other types of social manifestation of protest, control and concern with the natural environment; as well as in the analysis of the indigenous issue in environmental history. With that, we hope to contribute to the development of relevant research in the area.

 This article is about the work of the Brazilian agronomist and environmentalist José Lutzenberger in the protection of Amazon rainforest in the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s. Lutzenberger has participated in national and international conferences, denounced the Brazilian government projects in the media and formulated hard criticisms of the forest devastation and its people. In his international performance, through lectures and events, he was able to diffused the Gaia theory, which would come to support his ecological conception, and in the 1990s he was invited by that time President Fernando Collor to assume the position of the National Secretariat of Environment, through which he worked in defense of the Amazon and indigenous people. Between 1970 and 1990, the Amazon began to receive increasingly prominence in conferences on environment and in the international press, becoming a topic of global concern, alongside climate changes and the ozone layer. Through Historical Biography and Environmental History, we analyze the path of José Lutzenberger, a global performer in this context, whose performance is our guiding thread for addressing the main struggles undertaken by Brazilian environmental movements and of other countries in defense of the great forest.

This communication proposes firstly, a revisit- in line with the contri-butions of Environmental History- to the classic interpretation of historical pro-cesses of the first half of the 19th century in the River Plate Basin, with emphasis on socio-agrarian systems and their relationship with the emergence of forms of political organization that would give way to the laborious and conflictive process of formation of National States, spanning much of that century. Possibilities and challenges of adding to the environment as a historical subject are analyzed, in a concrete space and temporality based on the centrality of a typical form of agrarian production that is the River Plate’s ranche, which for a long time shaped the social, political and cultural relations of the societies in the region and continue projecting themselves in the present, largely resignified, composing transnational territorial identities. Secondly, an institutional and pedagogical contextualization of such challenges is proposed based on the experience in teaching Latin American Rural and Agrarian History in the Postgraduate Program in “Ensino da História e da América Latina” of the Universidade Federal da Integração Latino-americana (UNILA), Brazil. Through the bibliographic review, it is verified that the “greening” of these epistemological area is still a possibility to be developed, regarding the topics and period considered here, but with great potential to renew and autonomize the theoretical-methodological assumptions of the mentioned disciplines.