Repositório RCAAP

This research work analyzes the newspaper A Evolução, printed from the beginning of the 20th century, in the city of Bagé, in Rio Grande do Sul, and which focused on the dissemination of precepts and ideas linked to anarchism and the labor movement. The sheet is considered one of the oldest published for this purpose in the border city of Brazil with Uruguay. The work seeks to trace the trajectory of the press and the anarchist and workers movement in Rio Grande do Sul and in the city of Bagé, which was one of the poles of this movement in the first decades of the 20th century. Therefore, excerpts from the texts published in the first edition of this sheet are highlighted. A comparative analysis will also be made of this pioneer printed with other newspapers after A Evolução, published in later years, such as A Defesa, this one with an anarchist editorial proposal and A Dor Humana, a vehicle that served as an informative of the União Geral dos Trabalhadores, but which also adopted in its informative proposal, the dissemination of ideals of this movement. Thus, this article seeks to highlight the vanguard of such social-political ideas in a city with a strong historical link to conservative ideals.

The sacrament of baptism is intended to purge original sin from the soul. In colonial Brazil, baptism took on other meanings besides the original. Between the 16th and 17th centuries, it came to be seen as a healing tool. Among the Indians, however, the theological conception was disconnected from the ritual itself, making the Gentiles believe that baptism constituted, in itself, a remedy against the males of the body. During the 16th century, on the other hand, the church’s first sacrament also took on another meaning among the Indians, antagonistic to the previous one: it came to be seen as a ritual that led to death. In this conflict of views, priests and sorcerers, two social types who exercised traditional domination in their communities, taking the lead in the dissemination of each of these two views, competing to win followers among the natives. The purpose of this article is to show the validity of this thesis, through the chronological exposition of fragments of letters, lives of saints and other writings from the colonial period.

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The following interview was given by professor Dr. Melina Perussato in 2021. The interview deals with the world of work (labor studies), focusing on the interviewee’s areas of expertise, such as emancipations and post abolition in Brazil, as well as current issues related to labor.The interview’s concern was the need to discuss current issues of labor relating them to historiography, and the need to constanly bring up the issue of labor in Brazil: a theme that is frequently present in the daily lives of all citizens and is the subject of constant debate and multiple theoretical and methodological approaches.In the interview, Professor Melina brings her considerations about the theme, and present her own academic trajectory as a starting point for the discussion. Her theoretical and methodological contributions are explained in the text, and her research sources are addressed for further elucidation of the issue. Through theoretical questions and academic references, Melina Perussato provides us with reflective content. A class in the form of an interview is what is presented here, taking us along the paths of recent historiography about labor studies through a critical point of view.

        

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