Repositório RCAAP

The quilombola identity is mediated by dynamic of the rural/urban relation that it is in the Quilombola Community of Cordoaria, which is located in the Camaçari county – BA, in the metropolitan region of Salvador – MRS, being that the urban and industrial expansion that have occurred in MRS, from the second half of the XIX century, have indicated some socio-economic and territorial changes in this Community.Thus, it aims to analyze dialogically the mediation rural/urban in the building of quilombola identity in the Cordoaria, considering the notions of metropolitan  subjectivity, otherness and rurality to characterize the incorporated transitions to this traditional territoriality. The questions are about the relation rural/urban in the process of quilombola self-identification, because of its interaction with nature, making use of analytical narrative of metropolitan rurality. As a result, was verified that the incorporated transformations for quilombola rural way, come from metropolitan urban, have altered its affirmation and continuity as traditional community.  

This article aims to analyze the notion of right to the city from the French philosopher Henri Lefebre, on  the reality of Rio de Janeiro, a Latin American city. For this work, Lefebvre’s studies must be combined with a historical bibliographical review about the requalifications and removals of the city of Rio de Janeiro, an analysis of data from official institutions and field research. It is necessary analyzing the new areas of centrality and conflicts and the Rede Carioca de Agricultura Urbana (Carioca Urban Agriculture Network In a loose translation) – Rede CAU plays an emblematic role in this process. In the 2000s, neighborhoods with a historic agricultural activity became targets of the real estate expansion on the West Zone of Rio de Janeiro, mainly at the Planning Area 4 (AP 4 – in the Portuguese Acronym). The region of Vargens is at this targeted region, and encompasses the neighborhoods of Vargem Grande, Vargem Pequena, Camorim, part of the Recreio dos Bandeirantes, part of Barra da Tijuca and part of Jacarepaguá. The State plays an important role through urbanistic instruments for the viability of this real estate expansion, such as Urban Structuring Plan of Vargens (PEU das Vargens – in the Portuguese acronym) and the Land Use and Occupation Law (LUOS), which reduces the agricultural areas. In this context, although neglected by the debates about urban struggles, which generally dichotomizes city agriculture, the CAU Network, based on Agroecology, stands for the struggle for the right to the city and Urban Planning through the Articulação Plano Popular (APP Vargens – Articulation Popular Plan in a loose translation), re-signifying the right to the city, stating that the right to the city is also the right to plant.

The present objective study to analyze the experiences and strategies of resistance, reproduction and overcoming of the territorialized European peasantry in the agricultural community of Marinaleda (Province of Seville, Spain) against the crisis of world capitalism, in a comparative analysis with the processes of social reproduction of the territorialized Brazilian peasantry, especially, based on the political action of the peasant social movements in rural settlement projects of agrarian reform. In this sense, it is intended in this research to analyze in the referred spatiality the occupation processes led by peasant social movements, the implementation of cooperative systems and adoption of collective production / commercialization strategies, as well as, strategies established with the local public power and processes of consolidation of public policies with effective participation of the community, as a form of peasant territorial determination.

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Este artigo tem por objetivo analisar a comercialização da produção da agricultura familiar nas feiras livres de cinco municípios do Alto Jequitinhonha, Minas Gerais. O estudo se baseou em consulta à literatura e bancos de dados, e em pesquisa de campo com feirantes. Os resultados indicam que feiras livres geram parte importante das rendas desses municípios e dos agricultores, e que a diversidade de produtos ofertados nas feiras contribui para manter hábitos alimentares territorializados, reunindo segurança e soberania alimentar. No entanto, existem desafios constantes: prédios dos mercados municipais, transporte, rodovias e abastecimento de água carecem de ações e cuidados públicos. Assim, investimentos pontuais e regulares poderiam contribuir para estimular esses circuitos de negócios que valorizam os atributos produtivos do território. Palavras chaves: Feiras livres. Agricultura familiar. Comercialização agrícola. Vale do Jequitinhonha.

The piece wage category, analyzed by Karl Marx in The Capital, is current to discuss labour in coffee cultivation in the intermediate geographic region of Varginha, located in the south of Minas Gerais state, which has its economy structured in the coffee production for more than a century. During the harvest period, most coffee pickers are paid for the productivity of their work, i.e. for the amount of coffee harvested, characterizing the salary per piece. Thus, we analyzed the way in which this type of remuneration promotes the intensification and exploitation of labour in the agrarian conjuncture of southern Minas Gerais. Bibliographical research, documentary analysis, fieldwork and semi-structured interviews provided the theoretical-methodological framework for this study.

Nesse trabalho é feita uma discussão sobre a luta pela reforma agrária em Campo do Meio, no Sul/Sudoeste de Minas Gerais, tendo o conceito de território, e mais especificamente a territorialidade, como lentes de análise. A importância desse tema reside no fato de que Campo do Meio possui um dos mais expressivos conflitos pela terra no Brasil atual, envolvendo o Movimento dos Trabalhadores Sem-Terra (MST) e empresas vinculadas à Usina Ariadnópolis. Analisar as dinâmicas territoriais atinentes aos acampamentos e assentamentos rurais pode contribuir com a leitura sobre a possibilidade de a reforma agrária criar alternativas ao modelo do agronegócio canavieiro. Compuseram os procedimentos metodológicos: i) levantamento bibliográfico e documental; ii) trabalhos de campo em áreas de produção ou comercialização agroecológica coordenadas pelo MST e; iii) uso do Banco de Dados da Luta pela Terra (DATALUTA) e do Sistema de Recuperação Automática (SIDRA), do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) para a interpretação da Questão Agrária no Sul/Sudoeste de Minas Gerais. Conclui-se que nos acampamentos e assentamentos coordenados pelo MST têm sido desenvolvidas territorialidades agroecológicas, o que demonstra o potencial da reforma agrária em contribuir para a soberania alimentar em âmbito regional.

Reality is in constant motion and makes us need to move forward in certain debates. Faced with a global context of convergence of multiple crises or crisis discourses (food, environmental, climate, energy and financial) and global geopolitical changes, the land rush is intensifying. It is in this scenario that the land foreignization category of the Land Struggle Database (DATALUTA) is created. Thus, this article aims to discuss about the creation of the category DATALUTA Land foreignization, as well as explore its theoretical and methodological advances. In these seven years of research, DATALUTA Land foreignization has gone through different processes that reverberate in its qualification.

Given the different conflicts of land use and occupation present in the Rio Preto/ Maranhão river basin, more specifically associated with the model of assisted space appropriation between the peasant population and the growing activity of the agribusiness industries present, we directed the discussions to the presentation of the main environmental impacts related to the industrial activity present in the basin. So, we chose as research procedures the literature review, fieldwork and statistical analysis using geoprocessing operations to make the map of conflicts in the water basin, using the Geographic Information System (GIS). The results show that the conflicts that materialize in the study area are directly related to the expanded reproduction of capitalism and that, in the last two decades, the municipalities of Urbano Santos, Santa Quiteria do Maranhão and Belagua stood out with the highest number of conflicts. We conclude that the land-use models in the study area, by not considering the fragility relationship of natural systems, significantly changes the stability of fragile systems such as the Cerrado biome, compromising not only the permanence of the natural system itself but also the subsistence of the peasant population that uses this biome as part of their survival. Thus, the present article sheds light on how conflicts occur, giving us subsidies for the elaboration of public policies for the prevention of territorial conflicts and the reduction of environmental impacts.

This article is a study of the origins of the concept “Rural Territoriality” having as start point documents that are at the ground of the territorial policy of the Brazilian Agrarian Development Ministry – ADM – and the academic research the followed it. This survey dealt with a bibliographic research in some internet sites and academic research archives. From those availables were selected Google Scholar, Domínio Público (Public Domain), SCIELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online), Brazilian Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations and the IPEA – Economic Research Applied Institute. The first step was a survey of the names of the main scholars that anchor the ADM policy. The further step was an analysis having basically as issue a search for the idea that is at underground of this concept. This research gave way three categories: some authors see the concept from an internal scenario; other’s ones envisage the concept from an external scenario; and, lastly, some researchers dealt with the concept from the point of view of a discussion of territory as a geographic concept.

This article aims to analyze the struggle for the land of indigenous movements in the actions of retaking territory. This research consisted of a documentary analysis of the Reports of the DATALUTA BRASIL NETWORK, the Land Fighting Database, Mato Grosso do Sul, 2012 and 2013. The categorization was performed through content analysis, with the creation of two thematic categories. : 1) Guarani Kaiowá retakes: a form of struggle for the demarcation of territories; 2) Reports from the DATALUTA NETWORK BRAZIL, Mato Grosso do Sul (2012 and 2013): the leading role of the indigenous movement in the retaking of territories. It was found that the Reports analyze the overlap of territorial conflicts, landlord versus peasant conflict in the land struggle, and the contemporary emergence of new conflicts involving businesses, farmers versus indigenous peoples in land and territory struggles. In the years 2012 and 2013 analyzed by the reports and historical series presented from previous years, indigenous peoples became protagonists in the struggles in movements of retaking territories.

Este artigo analisa as escolas multisseriadas situadas no contexto do campo, buscando identificar as singularidades desta modalidade de oferta educativa, especialmente os processos pedagógicos e as relações estabelecidas com a comunidade. A investigação qualitativa de cunho exploratório, foi desenvolvida em cinco escolas multisseriadas da região denominada Rota das Terras (RS), a partir de entrevistas, observação participante, fotografias e documentos, analisados sob a perspectiva hermenêutica. Como resultados da pesquisa, salienta-se a expressiva participação da comunidade na escola em atividades pedagógicas e administrativas, o restrito acompanhamento pedagógico aos professores pelas secretarias municipais de Educação e a prevalência da seriação neste contexto. Salienta-se a importância de estudos que proporcionem a visibilidade das escolas multisseriadas, considerando suas potencialidades e desafios enquanto proposta pedagógica, numa perspectiva não hegemônica de Educação.

The debate on gender and environment is one of the premises of Sustainable Development to achieve the reduction of social inequality.  Therefore, the present study proposes to review the literature for gender and environmental studies, with impacts on women's social rights.  Data were obtained through a theoretical-conceptual methodological approach, with literature review of the last 10 years focused on social research of qualitative nature.  Data analysis and interpretation were based on the search for expressive categories of articles. The results showed that the historicity marked by the patriarchy and capitalist economic political system have reinforced the patterns of gender inequality. Nature as an inexhaustible source of resources, livelihoods and subsistence.  In conclusion, despite the importance of qualitative studies in recording diversity in women's daily life, intervention studies are needed to instrumentalize the autonomy and emancipation of women in the countryside, to ensure access to the environment from the perspective of sustainable development.

En lo presiente texto, buscaremos entender lo desarrollo rural sustentable a partir de la metodología IAP (Investigación-Acción-Participativa), por medio de la lectura de algunas obras del sociólogo colombiano Orlando Fals Borda, evidenciando sus principales contribuciones para el pensamiento latinoamericano. De esa manera, en la primera parte trabajaremos con un cuadro general abordando la vida y la obra del autor, analizando su trayectoria intelectual e las relaciones políticas en América Latina en un contexto de fuertes transformaciones. En la segunda parte, realizaremos un ejercicio de analice de sus principales obras, destacando algunos conceptos y concepciones, tales como: subversión, compromiso-acción, pesquisa-participante y campesino. Y por fin, tejeremos algunas consideraciones en la tentativa de entender la importancia de la pesquisa participante para el desarrollo rural sustentable a partir de las categorías y conceptos construidos por Fals Borda que se traducen en una síntesis teórica en la cual el autor construye su concepción contrahegemónica, balizada en la valoración de lo que denomina de agricultura campesina.