Repositório RCAAP

We studied in the present work 30 lungs of fetuses of bovines zebu-crossed, between males and females, of different ages, that were collected at the Frigorífico Boi Rio, municipal district of São José do Rio Preto, state of São Paulo. The lungs were placed in running water by 3 hours, with objective of removing the excess of blood from the organ. After washings, lungs were placed in recipient containing 20.00% aqueous solution of formaldehyde for period non inferior to 72 hours, with objective of fastening the organ. Before dissecting the lung parenchyma, we identified the limit of the hilo, in order to determine where had been outside and inside the parenchyma. We observed that the lungs of fetuses of zebu-crossed bovine can present 9 segments (3.33%), 10 segments (80.00%) or 11 segments (16.66%). The pattern to name the segments was based on the macroscopic visualization of the bronch lobares before they penetrating in the lung parenchyma. Once observed, it was named according to the pattern of the position, in other words, cranial, medium and flow, and soon after the name of the lung lobulus.

Several methods of testicular punch biopsy were proposed for obtaining material for histologic or cytologic evaluation, but did not received enough clinical acceptance because it was considered to be too traumatizing. The fine Needle Aspiration (FNA) is considered a useful, simple and fast method to obtain samples from tissues. Regarding the importance of FNA in wild animals, this technique was tried in captive adult jaguar (Panthera onca) aiming the evaluation and possible causes of infertility. Using a needle and disposable syringe, the testis were aspirated. The whole aspirated was smeared onto a microscope slide and stained with Diff-quick method. Semen samples were collected by electroejaculation and analyzed for pH, total volume, motility, status, total spermatozoa count and morphology. Evaluation of sperm volume, pH, motility vigor and morphology were normal. However, was found below concentration. Cytologic quantification revealed germinative cells in all testicles. Among serial types of morphological normal spermatogenesis cells, there were found theratological forms of double final spermatids. These anomalous forms of final spermatids have not been noticed yet in FNA papers. So, we concluded that FNA together with other techniques, provides a useful tool in male infertility diagnostics, mainly when related to endangered species.

Objetivou-se, neste trabalho, estudar a proporção de tecido conjuntivo existente na fração ventricular direita e esquerda do músculo cardíaco de cães, buscando, através da morfometria, dados referentes a inter-relação entre o tecido conjuntivo e o tecido muscular cardíaco, para o conhecimento das relações anátomo-funcionais da estrutura cardíaca, característica de determinados processos ligados a diminuição do trabalho do órgão. Utilizou-se 6 corações de cães SRD, machos e fêmeas, com idade entre 48 e 150 meses, pesando entre 18 e 30 Kg, sem alterações cardíacas, confirmado mediante exames eletrocardiográfico e ecocardiográfico. Preparou-se o material oriundo de três regiões ventriculares em relação a sua base, proximal, média e distal, tanto da face direita quanto da esquerda, segundo as técnicas histológicas convencionais e corados com Picrosirius red, Fucsina-Paraldeido e Tricromo de Gomori, para evidenciação das fibras conjuntivas. As lâminas foram analisadas com auxílio do Axioscópio Zeiss acoplado ao programa de análise de imagens KS-400 Zeiss. A quantidade de tecido conjuntivo no Ventrículo Esquerdo variou de 0,44 a 26,26%; no Ventrículo Direito variou de 0,97 a 21,18%; no ápice variou de 1,32 a 29,24% e no septo interventricular variou de 5,41 a 11,24%. Os resultados obtidos mostram que há uma complexa rede de fibras conjuntivas envolvendo as fibras do tecido muscular cardíaco e que sua quantidade e disposição é muito variada, dependendo da região estudada.

The objective of the present study was to describe the normal appearance of the superficial (SDFT) and deep (DDFT) digital flexor tendons of horses and to focus on the differences between their histological constituents. Morphological study was performed on the four tendon segments collected from the thoracic and pelvic limbs of seven fresh cadavers of adult horses without previously diagnosed clinical lesions. The segments analyzed were the muscle-tendon junction, middle third and third distal of the third metacarpus/metatarsus and distal extremity of the proximal phalanx for the SDFT, and muscle-tendon junction, middle third of the third metacarpus/metatarsus, region of the check ligament and region of the middle phalanx for the DDFT. The results showed some histological differences in the distribution and localization of the components between segments of the same tendon and between thoracic and pelvic tendons, especially in terms of the quantity of fibrocartilage cells; that is revealed higher in the middle third region of the third metacarpus/metatarsus both for the thoracic and the pelvic limbs for the SDFT and highest counts in the region of the middle third of the third metacarpus for the thoracic limbs and in the region of the middle phalanx for the pelvic limbs for the DDFT.

Objetivou-se avaliar as características morfométricas de ovários recuperados de bovinos em diferentes estádios reprodutivos. Os ovários utilizados (N=200) foram obtidos em matadouro e transportados para o laboratório, onde foram realizadas as mensurações do tamanho do órgão, dos folículos e corpos lúteos. Os pares de ovários foram classificados em função do estádio reprodutivo, da fase do ciclo estral ou do período de gestação dos animais dos quais foram recuperados. Observou-se que o tamanho do ovário diferiu (P;0,05) no tamanho do órgão entre os animais apresentando AOLC ou gestantes, porém nestes o corpo lúteo foi maior e o diâmetro do maior folículo menor (P<0,05). Os parâmetros em estudo também foram afetados pela fase do ciclo estral (P<0,05) e pelo período da gestação (P<0,05). Nos animais com AOLC, observou-se uma correlação significativa entre o tamanho do ovário e o do corpo lúteo (R=0,69; P<0,01). Conclui-se que as características morfológicas do ovário variam em função do estádio reprodutivo, podendo ser utilizadas como parâmetro na avaliação clinica e funcional do órgão.

The agouti is a wild rodent found in the south of Central America and in tropical regions of South America, especially in the Northern, Northeastern and Southeastern regions of Brazil. These animals represent an important socio-economic factor in the North and Northeastern regions of Brazil since they provide animal protein. For this paper 07 agouti (Dasyprocta aguti) placentas were used, in differents stages of gestation. The placenta presents a spherical shape and lobular structure connecting to the uterus by means of a mesoplacenta. Fetal blood flows from the interlobium to the center of the lobe, that is, centripetally, while maternal blood flows centrifugally.

Com a finalidade de estabelecer valores de referência do proteinograma sérico e avaliar o efeito do fator etário, estudaram-se amostras de soro sangüíneo de 300 bezerras sadias, da raça Holandesa, no primeiro mês pós-nascimento, distribuídas por 15 grupos etários. O teor sérico de proteína total foi mínimo nos animais com até oito horas de idade, aumentando progressivamente até o 4º dia, quando alcançou o valor máximo seguindo, então, com pequenas oscilações até o 30º dia. Os teores de albumina sérica apresentaram pequenas elevações a partir das 24 horas de vida, sendo o aumento significativo após 13 a 15 dias e mantendo-se até os 30 dias de idade, quando registrou-se o valor máximo. As taxas séricas de alfaglobulina não demonstraram variações significativas entre os grupos etários. Os teores de betaglobulina sérica aumentaram progressivamente até sete a nove dias pós-nascimento, quando alcançaram um valor máximo, sendo este seguido por pequenas variações até o final das observações. A concentração sérica de gamaglobulina que foi mínima até oito horas de idade, evoluiu com aumentos significativos até dois dias de idade, quando atingiu um valor máximo, tendo estabilidade dos valores até o 11º dia de idade e, na seqüência, apresentou queda progressiva das taxas até os 30 dias. A relação albumina:globulina evidenciou um valor máximo nos animais com até oito horas de idade, seguido por queda significativa até os dois dias pós-nascimento, quando passou a apresentar valores relativamente estáveis mantidos até os 15 dias de idade, demonstrando então tendência a aumentos até o final do período de estudo. Todos os componentes do proteinograma, com exceção da fração alfaglobulina, apresentaram variações influenciadas pela idade.

The aim of theis study was analyse different wild boars breeding in São Paulo state, entending to identify boars "pure" as well as hybrid boars from mate with domestic swine.

The development of the dentistry was delayed in the preventive internal in wild animals. Some international papers regarding wild animal dentistry already had been carried through with animals originary from captivity and free life of some species of diverse geographic distributions, but not specific to the great neotropical felines (Panthera onca and Puma concolor). It was the aim of this paper to survey the prevalence of maloclusion in neotropical felines in the institutions visited in the State of São Paulo. For the study we used a sample of 42 jaguars (Panthera onca) and 36 pumas (Puma concolor), totalizing seventy and eight 78 animals , proceeding from 18 institutions of such species in captivity in the State of São Paulo. All animals had been examined, when it was observed if the occlusion was in accordance with the normal for the species. The teeth had been identified one by one, examined directly by means of dental explorer. The maloclusion was present in 47.61% (20 cases) in Panthera onca and two individuals of Puma concolor (5.55.00%). The animals with maloclusions apparently did not have problems of food apprehension or chewing ability, even though they presented in the region of teeth with more reduced interproximal space, thus plaque the lack of removal of this plaque can provoke oral problems.

An inquiry about cases of myiasis by C. hominivorax larvae on dogs presented to 190 veterinary establishments of Rio de Janeiro City in 2000 was performed to contribute to the comprehension of epidemiological features of this myiasis. Cases of screwworm infestation were observed in 184 veterinary establishments: in 104 among 108 establishments of the Northern Zone, and in 80 of 82 establishments of the Western Zone of the city. Most infested dogs were adult, pure breed, long and dark-haired, living in houses, while no preference for sex was observed. Ears were most infested, and the main cause of lesions that led to myiasis was otitis. Screwworm infestation is a very frequent disease on dogs, and prevention programs should be developed, specially during hot weather months (December and January), when incidence was higher. Most infested dogs are the ones that need more care, and prevention of all possible causes of myiasis will help its avoidance. Dirt and lack of hygiene are also causes of screwworm infestation and must be avoided, as other myiasis causes. Pet owners negligence is a contributing factor to the appearance of screwworm infestation on dogs, and pet owners should receive orientation from veterinary clinicians. Additional studies about screwworm infestation on dogs should be performed, in order to identify more predisposing factors to be used in prevention programs.

Foi realizado um inquérito sobre os casos de miíase por larvas de Dermatobia hominis em cães atendidos em 190 clínicas e consultórios veterinários das Zonas Norte e Oeste do Município do Rio de Janeiro em 2000. Casos foram atendidos em 37 de 108 estabelecimentos veterinários da Zona Norte e em 55 de 82 estabelecimentos da Zona Oeste do município. A presença de áreas rurais e animais como bovinos e eqüinos próximos aos cães criou um ambiente adequado à proliferação de moscas, inclusive as vetoras dos ovos da D. hominis. Cães adultos, de raça definida e de pelagem curta e escura foram os mais acometidos. Machos foram os mais infestados na Zona Norte, enquanto não se observou predileção por sexo na Zona Oeste. Cães mantidos em quintais de casas ou sítios, como os adultos e os de raça de grande porte (normalmente utilizados para guarda), foram os mais acometidos. O dorso e a região lombar foram as regiões do corpo mais afetadas, por serem facilmente acessíveis às moscas. Programas preventivos contra miíases devem ser intensificados nos meses de maior incidência, apesar de algumas vezes isso não ser possível, pois vários veterinários relataram que nenhum mês apresentou maior incidência ou não souberam responder à pergunta. Os veterinários devem alertar os proprietários que são necessárias a correção do manejo e a manutenção da higiene do local onde os cães são mantidos, para evitar a presença de moscas. Mais estudos são necessários para identificar outras causas predisponentes às miíases e evitar essa doença.

In 2000 a total of 1099 serum samples were obtained of adult beef cattle, from 6 herds located at Auriflama, Gastão Vidigal,, Magda, Santo Antônio do Aracanguá, Sebastianópolis do Sul e Turiúba, counties from the region of Araçatuba. Sera were tested for neutralizing antibodies to vesicular stomatitis virus by microtiter neutralization assay, using the virus strain Indiana 1 Costa Rica/72 with 10(6,0) DICT50/50mL. The indicator cells were African green monkey kidney (VERO-CCL 81), purchased from American Type Cell Colection (ATCC). The neutralization titers of each serum were the reciprocal of the highest dilution expressed at log10 that protected 100.00% of the cell monolayer. Sera with values above 1,6 log10 (1/40) were considered positive for Vesicular Stomatitis virus. Twenty-eight (2.50%) out of 1.099 samples were positive for Vesicular Stomatitis virus Indiana 1, with antibodies titers ranging from 1.9 to 2.8. Except in Turiuba, in the others 5 herds there were positive animals. The presente survey showed the presence the Vesicular Stomatitis virus in the herds stimulating the humoral response. More studies are necessary to verify the site of persistence of the virus.

Ophthalmic lesions induced by contact with Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) at 3 M concentration in 42 dogs, divided into three groups (G1, G2 and G3), respectively treated with autogenous blood serum, acetylcysteine and a balanced saline solution were investigated. Comparison of the three groups in terms of clinical and microscopical findings showed no significant differences between groups.

Nesta pesquisa obtivemos dados histológicos comparativos dos cornos uterinos e tubas uterinas de vacas e novilhas da raça Nelore. Foram utilizadas 30 amostras dos órgãos para cada grupo de animais, que foram fixados em formol tamponado a 10%, processados e incluídos rotineiramente em parafina. Os cortes histológicos de 6 mm foram corados com hematoxilina e eosina, com tricrômio de Mallory (para evidenciar fibras colágenas), Weigert (para evidenciar fibras elásticas) e com sais de Prata (para evidenciar as fibras reticulares). Os resultados mostraram que existem diferenças na histologia da parede uterina entre vacas e novilhas, sendo mais evidentes nas vacas. A freqüência das variações histológicas é maior para os dois cornos uterinos nas vacas. Não há diferença significativa entre as variações histológicas nos lados direito e esquerdo. As variações mais características estão presentes no endométrio e miométrio, sendo as mais conspícuas, encontradas no miométrio. Não há diferenças marcantes das variações histológicas das tubas uterinas entre vacas e novilhas e entre os lados direito e esquerdo e elas não apresentam nenhuma relação com as variações uterinas.

It were studied 24 ovaries belonging to 13 adult agoutis (in two copies it was just researched the left ovary), being 7 pregnant and 6 not pregnant, coming of the "Núcleo de Estudos e Preservação de Animais Silvestres", of the Federal University of Piauí. The organs were described in loco, measured, submitted to section and observed in Optical Microscope. The ovaries, ellipsoids, were located in the sub-lumbar area, flow to the kidneys, flat, with external surface evidencing small transparent areas and the margin mesovarian and lateral face coming covers for the mesossalpinge (ovaric bag). For the right ovary, was observed on the average: weight - 0,082g; length - 0,83cm; width - 0,49cm and thickness - 0,24cm; the left ovary: weight - 0,058g; length - 0,74cm; width - 0,45cm and thickness - 0,23cm. Histologically, this gonads were correspondents with the majority of the rodents sexually actives studies, showing epithelium of simple cubic coating, the outlying cortex and the central medulla (constituted basically by conjunctive slack tissue mixed with vases of blood). In the pregnant females it was counted two to three great central luteous bodies and many other smaller. In the not pregnant the luteous bodies was smaller and more numerous. The cortex is rich in cellular types of conjunctive nature and follicles in different phases of the maturation, which migration of the mesovarian margin for the tubaric extremity, as they increase of size. It was conclued that the ovaries of the agoutis, macro and microscopically, coming the pattern observed in the others rodents actives sexually.

Estudamos a irrigação do esôfago, ventrículo gástrico, pâncreas e intestinos de 30 tartarugas da espécie Trachemys scripta elegans injetados com substância látex, onde evidenciamos duas aorta, sendo aorta direita e esquerda, que em 100,00% dos casos apresenta um trato anastomótico entre elas, ao nível da emergência da artéria celíaca. A artéria mesentérica cranial é responsável pela irrigação do jejuno, íleo, ceco, colo ascendente, colo transverso em 100,00% dos casos. Já a artéria mesentérica caudal origina-se da artéria ilíaca interna no antímero direito, em 26 preparações (86,60%), e no antímero esquerdo em 03 casos (13,30%). Em 01 preparação (3,30%) a artéria mesentérica caudal, no antímero direito, origina-se a partir das artérias ilíacas direita e esquerda.

The paca is a South American rodent whose handling, tranquilization or anesthesia offers a large field of research due to rare existing issues. Twelve adult female pacas were used, separated in 6 pen, and were caught with a net made of polypropylene attached to a wire loop and then sent to a room where the abdominal hair clipping was done. Afterwards, the female was placed in an iron bar squeeze cage. The ultrasonography session was made in B mode with a two-frequency sectorial electronic transducer of 5.0 and 7.5 MHz. Intending to reduce the stress caused by the procedures, the tranquilization of females was made with oral taking of diazepam and midazolam maleate. Both presented effectiveness in tranquilization of pacas previously and during sessions, being the midazolam maleate the one that better facilitated the animal handling.

The aim of this study was to establish the pregnancy period of paca by means of ultrasound use. Nine pregnant pacas were periodically scanned with a two-frequency sectorial electronic transducer of 5.0 and 7.5 MHz, in B mode, from ultrasound detection of embryo vesicle or fetus until the parturition. Animals were placed in an iron-bar squeeze cage and remained in standing position during sessions. A dark cloth was used to cover the cage and fruits were offered during ultrasound session to avoid aggressive reactions. The more premature occurred detection of pregnancy, the greater the period of ultrasound examination until the birth of the offspring. All gestation delivered only one newborn weighting 796.5 ± 74.36 grams (mean value ± standard error of the sample) and 33.46 ± 0.60 centimeters (mean value ± standard error of the sample) of length (from rostral edge of nose and distal portion of tail). The length of paca pregnancy ranged from 135 to 139 days.

Hamsters orally inoculated with ERA and PV strains of rabies virus were sacrificed at 24, 48, 72 hours, 21 and 30 days after inoculation. Brain fragments were examined by Fluorescent Antibody test (FAT) and heminested PCR (hn-PCR). Fragments from stomach, blood, heart, and lung were examined only by hn-PCR. Sera of other hamsters, similarly inoculated, obtained at 30th day after inoculation were submitted to mouse neutralization test. The hamsters were challenged intracerebrally with CVS strain with 10(2.7)mouse LD50/0.03mL, 45 days after inoculation. Brains examined by FAT were negative. The hn-PCR detected the presence of rabies virus RNA in the lung of one animal inoculated with ERA, and in the brain, stomach, blood, and lung of PV-infected animals. The orally inoculated virus was capable to infect and replicate in several organs and tissues; however, none of the challenged hamsters did survive after challenge.

The segmental structure of the aortic wall at the thoracic and abdominal levels were studied in domestic chicken by light microscopy (LM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Selected histological sections were submitted to histomorphometric studies using image analysis methods. The variables studied were the thickness of the aortic layers in the three segments investigated: ascendant thoracic, descendant thoracic and abdominal parts as well as the tubular diameters and the mean number of elastic lamellae in the medial layer of each analyzed segment. The aortic wall of the chicken had a predominately elastic structure in the thoracic portions, that decrease gradually in relative number of elastic lamellae towards the abdominal aorta in which smooth muscle cells predominated. Vascular diameters decreased gradually to the ascendant aorta from the descendant thoracic portion and to the last from the abdominal aorta.