Repositório RCAAP

A serosurvey was conducted to estimate the prevalence of bovine brucellosis in the State of Paraíba, Brazil. A random sample of six municipalities was selected from each of three ecoregions of the State: the Agreste/Litoral region (1), the Cariri/Curimatau region (2) and the Sertão region (3). These 18 municipalities were divided in quadrants and one herd was selected at random from each quadrant. The sampling scheme included herds with more than 50 bovines, which excludes small-holder subsistence livestock production. At least 32 animals were sampled within each herd, stratified in four age categories, as follows: (1) at least 8 animals under 6 months of age, (2) at least 8 animals of 7 to 18 months of age, (3) at least 8 animals of 19 to 30 months of age and (4) at least 8 animals over 30 months of age. Antibodies to Brucella abortus were observed in 8 out of 18 municipalities (44.44%),in 8 out of 72 herds included in this study (11.11%) and in 8 animals out of 2343 samples collected (0.34%). The prevalence of test positive cattle by ecoregion/cattle production regions in the state showed no significant differences of risk among them. Likewise, there was no significant difference of risk among the different age categories studied. It was observed that brucellosis is widely spread across the state albeit with low animal prevalence. These results may be used in the design of a strategy for controlling bovine brucellosis in the State of Paraíba.

This study has as objective to evaluate the spermatogenesis yield of Agoutis rised in captivity, through the rates found between cellular types of the seminiferous epithelium. The results showed that the spermatogenesis yield of the Agoutis since 9 to 14 months of age did not reach the stabilization point. The coefficient of efficiency of the spermatogonium mitoses, did not increase with the age. The meiotic yield, usual spermatogenesis yield and the Sertoli cells index didn't showed numeric variation at function of the age, however, it was not detected by statistic data.

A determinação do estabelecimento da puberdade é bastante estudada em animais domésticos e roedores, no entanto, são escassas as pesquisas com a finalidade de estabelecer parâmetros para a biologia reprodutiva em cutias. Foram utilizadas 31 cutias machos da espécie Dasyprocta agouti, oriundas da Universidade Federal do Piauí, Estado do Piauí, e da Escola Superior de Agricultura de Mossoró, Estado do Rio Grande do Norte. Imediatamente após a orquiectomia foram retirados fragmentos e estes foram processados histologicamente, os tecidos foram corados com hematoxilina-eosina e analisou-se os parâmetros seguintes: aspectos de luminação dos túbulos seminíferos; presença de espermatócitos primários; presença de espermátides e formação dos primeiros estágios do ciclo do epitélio seminífero (CES) segundo o método da morfologia tubular. O período desde o nascimento até os cinco meses de idade correspondeu à fase impúbere; dos seis aos oito meses de idade a fase de transição da pré-puberdade à puberdade; dos nove aos dez meses de idade à fase da puberdade; e dos doze aos quartoze meses de idade à fase da pós-puberdade. A puberdade da cutia (Dasyprocta aguti), ocorreu em animais a partir dos sete meses de idade, e o estabelecimento da puberdade foi constatado em todos os animais estudados aos nove meses de idade.

The endothelin is a potent vasoconstricor that possess angiogenic, mitogenic and neurotrophical functions. In this study we aimed to quantify the Endothelin-1 (ET-1) levels in chorionic placental villi and amnion of placentae of twins childbirths whose women were submitted to an assisted pregnancy and spontaneal fecundation. Were collected 08 placental samples. After the placental delivery the samples had been placed in liquid nitrogen and later in a -80ºC until the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) technique. The concentration levels of ET-1 in samples of chorionic villi in twins placentae varied from 0,52 to 0,70 fmol/ml, while in chorionic villi single gestation varied from 0,47 to 0,86 fmol/ml. The same determination in samples of amnion of twins placentae varied from 0,65 to 1,16 fmol/ml, while in single gestation varied from 0,65 to 1,04 fmol/ml. These findings suggests that in the chorionic villi the levels of ET-1 didn't vary between twins and single gestation. In the amnion the levels of ET-1 are higher in twins than in single gestation, suggesting that the amnion is the source of ET-1 in the amniotic fluid.

The hyperimmune bovine colostrum has a high concentration of antibodies anti-Cryptosporidium parvum. This product is considered one of the promising therapeutic strategies in the control of intestinal cryptosporidiosis in humans. With the purpose to evaluate the hyperimmune bovine colostrum efficacy in reducing the parasitism and preventing intestinal mucosa alterations, several strains of rats F344 and mice were experimentally infected with Cryptosporidium parvum oocysts. The results showed that the hyperimmune bovine colostrum had high levels of antibodies. The rats F344, treated either with hyperimmune or normal bovine colostrum, had reduction of the intestinal parasitism and presented little mucosa compromise. The mice C57BL/6 when treated either with hyperimmune or normal colostrum had slight reduction of the intestinal parasitism and evidenced no statistical significant differences in the histopathological mucosa changes. In conclusion, the use of hyperimmune bovine colostrum has a limited benefit in Cryptosporidium parvum infection.

The Cloacal Bursa's arteries of 30 females Hubbard were injected with 50% Neoprene Latex 450 solution, and submited to dissection. The ages of the birds was to 10 to 12 weeks. The vessel's origin, number and sequence were studied The results showed the participation of the left and right internal pudendal artery in all cases, witch the association of the cranial mesenteric artery (333,33%), to median caudal artery (3,33%), and to left internal iliac artery (3,33%). The total branches number, without considering its origin, varied in 2 to 9, being 4 branches the major frequency. The vessels distribuition was the same in each bird.

Was studied 18 pairs of White-lipped peccaries kidneys (Tayassu pecari), that has your renal arteries injected whit Vinilit dissolved in P.A. acetone e colored, following submitted to acid corrosion. The vascular molds like this obtained propose that: a) the renal arteries, always single, to divide firstly in setorial renal branches, being these cranial, dorsal, dorsocranial, dorsocaudal, ventral, ventrocranial, ventrocaudal and caudal; b) the segmentary renal arteries, originating from second division of the renal arteries, in agreement with your topographical disposition, consists of: cranial, mediocranial, middle, mediocaudal, caudal, dorsal and ventral; c) independent of the modality in which to introduce, the renal segments are separated amongst themselves by paucivasculars areas.

Escargots are animals capable to produce a glycoproteic secretion by glands located in all the surface of their bodies which among other functions presents anti-bacterial power and participation in the own immunity. The antimicrobioan power of certain substances may aid of repair of wounds with several origins. Thus, the aim of the present study was to evaluate macroscopic and histologically the reparative effects of the mucus of Achatina fulica escargots on lesions made in the skin of rabbits. Incisions were performed in the skin of 15 rabbits, separated in three groups according to the treatment received. Immediately after the lesion, the respective treatments with pure mucus form and in ointment form were supplied, while the other group received no treatment (control group). The macroscopic characteristics of the lesion were registered daily and a biopsy was performed 72 hours after the treatments. The fragments were processed and stained with Masson's trichrome. The macroscopic evolution in the cicatrization process ocurred in a shorter period of time in rabbits from the ointment group, comparativity with the other groups. Histologically, the epidermis of the treated rabbits showed a basal layer of cubic cells, while rabbits of the control group presented a basal layer of cylindrical cells with cutaneous debris.

Estudou-se os efeitos de 3 inoculantes biológicos na ensilagem do capim-elefante, cultivar Napier, em silos de laboratório (baldes plásticos de 5 litros, portando válvula para escape dos gases). O capim sofreu corte de uniformização e adubação, sendo cortado 60 dias após, quando apresentou 14,5% de matéria seca e 9,7% de proteína bruta, tendo sido picado em partículas de 2,0 cm e submetido a quatro tratamentos: controle (C); inoculante Sil-All (SA), produto a base de Streptococcus faecium, Pediococcus acidilactici, Lactobacillus plantarum, amilase, celulase e hemicelulase; inoculante Pioneer 1174 (P), produto a base de Streptococcus faecium e Lactobacillus plantarum; e inoculante SiloBac (SB), produto a base de e Lactobacillus plantarum, Streptococcus faecium e Lactobacillus sp. Os silos foram abertos após 123 dias para determinar o perfil de fermentação, perdas e digestibilidade 'in vitro' da matéria seca. Não foram observadas diferenças quanto ao teor de nitrogênio amoniacal, ácido lático, ácido acético, ácido butírico, perdas e digestibilidade in vitro da matéria seca. No entanto, o pH de SB foi menor do que SA e C. O maior pH observado foi o da silagem C.

Twenty-nine capuchin monkeys (Cebus apella) were used in this study. Fifty samples of oral mucous membrane were collected in area next to their muco-gingival-maxilar transition using sterilized swabs soaked in Brain Heart Infusion (BHI). All animals were clinically examined for periodontal evaluation. The samples were cultivated in appropriate media, namely: simple broth, BHI broth and, blood agar in order to get aerobic Gram positive cocos, from the Micrococcaceae family, isolated. Catalase test, Staphy-test (a quick-test for Staphylococcus aureus characterization) and bactracin-sensitivity test were the tools employed for their classification. Data were follows: 73.1% of them were Staphylococcus spp; 15.4% Staphylococcus aureus; and, 11.5% Micrococcus spp. The isolated were strains tested for their in vitro susceptible to antibiotics by the agar diffusion technique. Concerning the Staphylococcus spp strains, 94.7% were susceptibility to cephalotin; however, 89.5% of them were resistant to penicillin; 97.4% to oxacilin; 55.3% to tetracicline; 57.9% to clindamicine; and 63.2% to amoxiciline. Staphylococcus spp strains studied presented the highest in vitro sensitivity degree to cephalotin.

In veterinary practice, tympanic temperature (TT) measurement is not very disseminated. It is surprising, because TT could have advantages compared to the rectal temperature (RT). In the present study, we investigate (Callithrix penicillata), right TT, left TT and RT. We used an infra-red thermometer to measure the temperature in marmosets of tympanic membrane, and a digital clinical thermometer for the measurement of rectal temperature. Right TT was lower than left TT and RT. There was not statistical difference between left TT and RT. Correlation between left TT and RT was stronger than correlation between right TT and both, left TT and RT. This results suggests of a regional thermal dissociation and an asymmetric cerebral metabolism and body temperature, due to the stress of contention in marmosets.

Objetivou-se avaliar a eficiência da sincronização da ovulação para inovulação em tempo fixo em novilhas Bos taurus indicus x Bos taurus taurus receptoras de embrião. No Experimento 1, a dinâmica folicular foi acompanhada durante o protocolo "Ovsynch" (G1; n=35) e após a aplicação de PGF2alfa (G2; n=34). No Experimento 2, os mesmos tratamentos foram realizados a campo em 168 (G1) e 177 (G2) novilhas. No D6, colheu-se sangue para dosagem de P4 e se realizaram exames ultra-sonográficos. No D7, realizou-se a inovulação. No Experimento 1, 45,7% dos animais ovularam após o 1º GnRH (P;0,05). Ao final, a taxa de prenhez no Gl foi de 35,7% e no G2 de 25,4% (P<0,05). Foram detectadas em estro 53,7% das novilhas do G2 e 33,3% do Gl (P<0,05). Os corpos lúteos com maior área determinaram maiores concentrações de P4 e taxa de concepção (P<0,05). A sincronização da ovulação para inovulação em tempo fixo aumentou as taxas de ovulação, de aproveitamento e de prenhez em novilhas receptoras de embrião.

Twenty four pieces of Throughbred horses were injected with coloured solution of Neoprene latex 650, kept in formalin solution and dissected. The arteries of the encephalon basis depend on two large sources, the occipital arteries (occipito-basilar system) and the internal carotid arteries (carotid system). The basilar artery results from the fusion of the right and left occipital arteries (95.8%) or yet it is the direct continuation of the right occipital artery (4.2%). At the level of cerebral peduncles, the basilar artery bifurcates and shows a variable number of anastomotic tracts with a retiary disposition. The resulting elements of this division are two well defined terminal branches, this way named up to where the cerebral caudal artery has its origin, at both sides. It was also seen the occurrence of anastomotic tracts related to the origin (37.5%) and the course of the basilar artery (20.8%). That artery gives numerous collaterals, the arteries: caudal cerebelar (100%), carotico-basilar (54.2%), labyrinthine (12.5%) and rostral cerebelar (100%). The basilar artery decreases the basilar artery's diameter in caudo-rostral direction and forms, with the most of its collateral branches, rostral acute angles. These facts indicate that the blood flow of the basilar artery is caudo-rostral. The arrangement of the occipito-basilar system arteries is situated between the medium and last types described by TESTUT³ and corresponds to the 2 beta category of the classification proposed by TANDLER², cited by DE VRIESE¹.

The experiment was carried out at the Campus IV of the UFPB aiming at evaluating the morphological and volumetrics features of the stomach of goats. To study the effects of different periods of milk feeding, 42 alpine crossbred (21 males an females) were used and distributed in three treatments: T1-weaning at 56 days old; T2-weaning at 70 and T3-weaning at 84 days old. The liquid supplied to 35 days old was milk goat's at a sucking in the afternoon. The animals (males) to were killed evaluate the ruminal development and papillae in accordance to periods (183 days age). The mean weight to the respective treatments at the 182 days old were: T1= 19.3b, T2= 20.3ab e T3= 21.4ª kg. It was observed in the forestomach evaluation a greater ruminal development in the 56 days weaned animal who had papillee thicker indicating an the epithelium maturation.

In a field trial it was evaluated the potential of environmental impact of pig breeding residuary waters, placed in storage tanks, with distinct time of hydraulic retention and applied, subsequently, in lysimeters fulfilled with sandy, clayish, and mediun soils. To do so, concentrations of zinc and copper in residual waters and after storage for four times of hydraulic retention were established, in the lysimeters percolate and in four levels of depth in the soils, and pH determinations in the soils. Storage was not effective in reduction, to the levels required by legislation, of zinc and copper concentrations in tank and storage effluents. Application in the soil caused efficient decreases in zinc and copper concentrations. At last, focusing the fertilizer contribution of those residuary waters, the clayish soil was the most improved with that integrated system of treatment, helping the reduction of zinc and copper concentrations to values bellow the ones permitted by legislation, what would protect the ground water from contamination by these two heavy metals.

Apesar do crescente número de pesquisas na área de reprodução canina, ainda não foram desenvolvidos métodos que possibilitem datar a gestação e estimar a data do parto utilizando variáveis obtidas de mensurações por meio de ultra-som, como há muito tempo se faz e se aplica na espécie humana. A ultra-sonografia é o método mais adequado para a obtenção de tais valores por ser indolor, inócuo para a mãe e conceptos, não necessitando de sedação. O objetivo deste estudo foi o de utilizar a ultra-sonografia para mensurar as dimensões da placenta e verificar como estão relacionadas à idade gestacional em cadelas da raça Boxer. Examinou-se 10 cadelas da referida raça com um aparelho portátil da marca GE®, modelo Logic á 100 MP, equipado com um transdutor convexo 5,0 MHz e outro linear de 7,5 MHz, de 2 a 3 vezes por semana a partir do 18º dia de gestação até o parto. A placenta foi aferida desde o exame em que foi possível sua identificação até o fim da gestação, sendo assim, verificou-se o comprimento e a espessura da placenta. Tais informações foram plotadas em gráficos de dispersão das mensurações em função do número de dias antes do parto. Concluiu-se que a variável espessura da placenta (EP) foi consistente entre as gestações estudadas e altamente correlacionada com o dia do parto.

The experiment was disposed in a randomized blocks design, in a factorial scheme, with the objective to evaluate of effect of the nitrogen levels (0, 45, 90, 180 and 360 mg dm-3 of nitrogen - N) and frequencies of harvests (14 and 28 days) under the production of total dry mass and the regrowth vigor of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Marandu, in pots, in a greenhouse, with three repetitions by treatment. All of the variations sources (nitrogen levels, frequencies of harvests and the interactions between them) had effect statistically significative, positive and negative under the production of total dry mass, respectively, for the N levels and the frequencies of harvest. In the study of the regrowth vigor (production harvest-1), the interaction of the harvests and the nitrogen levels were not significative (P<0,01) by the Wilks test. The effect off the nitrogen levels inside of each harvest as much as frequents defoliations, how for less frequents defoliations, provided increment in regrowth vigor with the increase in the supply of N.

Thirty-thee males adult agoutis (Dasyprocta aguti) had been used, originated from the Universidade Federal do Piauí (UFPI) - Piauí State, and from the Escola Superior de Agricultura de Mossoró (ESAM) - Rio Grande do Norte State - Brazil. The purpose of the present investigation was describly the morfology of male genital organs and caracterized the histology aspects and their gross caracteristics. It was carry out an dissections of the extenal organs genital. The fragments were included in paraffin and stained with hematoxylin-eosin and Tricomy of the Masson and observed in light microscopic .The result showed that the penis is fibrocavernous with large amounts of the keratizaded structures in the their apex. In third part of the penis was evidencied an curved with form of the "U" lying. The glans was covering to keratinized epiderm with many espicules, an bone penis has been replaced the carvernous body. In the part ventral of the penis there was suburethal sac with two long projection corneus. In the Scroral region there wasn't distintict external limits with scrotum. Under of the internal layer of the prepuce, next to the preputial orifice, there was two preputial gland.

Biometric data of the testicular and corporal weight development of 31 Agoutis (Dasyprocta aguti), from the birth up to 14 months of age, were analyzed. The correlations between corporal weight, age and testicular parameters were highly significant. Testicular weight, testicular volume, as well other testicular biometric parameters (length, diameter and perimeter), evolved slow and gradually until eight months of age. Beginning on 9 months of age, the growth was faster, and in this period. the seminiferous epithelium was already formed. Biometric development of the testes can be shared in two phases: 0 - 8 months and 9 - 14 months of age, however the 9 months age are the maximum point of the testicular development in Agoutis (Dasyprocta aguti) rised in captivity.

The great preoccupation about the preservation of the south America fauna, have guide researches to a intense productions of the works about them. This work is constitute as a part of this effort to understand the animal structures, in special the gender Bradypus, describing the macroscopic anatomy of the brain in two species, Torquatus and Variegatus, both from the atlantic forest in Brazil. The animals did have a naturally death, were freeze as the standard proceed of the Matinha reserve, the origin of them, and unfreezing, injection, dissection, and colored by the use of appropriate techniques. We observed the neo-cortex formations in a model more primitive than others mammals, a predominance of areas and structures connected to the sense of smell and many differences when compared with other mammals, in especial primates. Among then the occurrence of only two coliculus on the brain trunk, a disk form of the hipophyse, a big fornice, and too development brain peduncles. The circumvolutions are bland and is happen lobos as same to the others mammals with the cerebellum not covered by the projections of the occipital lobos and with proportion until 1/4 in relation to all brain.