Repositório RCAAP

At Fishery Station of São Bernardo do Campo, São Paulo State, Brazil, an experiment was carried out to investigate the seminal characteristics of 19 carps, Cyprinus carpio in six successive collects at 14 days intervals during 71 days period (Set/3/87to Nov/12/87). The seminal characteristics examined and the average values were: semen volume: 0,26 ml; spermatozoa concentration: 30,17 x 10^/mm3 , sperm motility: 91,41%; live spermatozoa by differential staining method: 96,81% and the methilen-bluereduction test: 285 seconds. The regression analyses showed a significative effect for third and first degrees curves for sperm volume and spermatozoa concentration and the equations were, respectively: : Ŷ= 0,168 - 1,948.10ˉ3 . X + 3,690.10 ˉ4 . X2 - 4,836.106 . X 3 e Ŷ = 39,923 - 0,293. X

The efficacy of transferred fresh embryos was evaluated. Donors were superovulated on day 10 of the estrous cycle with 8, 7, 5 e 4 mg (48 mg) or 7, 6,4 e 3 mg (40 mg) of follicle stimulating hormonepituitary (FSH-P) twice a day, during four days. Analogue prostaglandin (cloprostenol) was injected on day 12 of the cycle and inseminations with frozen semen two or three times were performed, each 12 hours. Nonsurgical recovery of the embryos was performed with "Neustad a.d. Aisch" catheter, introducing the medium into the uterine horns with syringes. The uterine horns were flushed with modified Dulbecco's phosphate buffered saline (PBS) enriched with 1% of foetal calf serum at 36 °C. After the recovery, the embryos were morphologically evaluated under a stereomicroscope at 16x and 70x magnifications. The embryos transfers were surgically conducted through flank incision and pregnancy diagnosis made through rectal palpation on day 45-60after transfer. Two hundred twenty one embryos from Holstein cows and thirty seven from Simmental were transferred to two hundred fifty eight cross bred heifers. Pregnancy rates for fresh embryo transfer from Holstein and Simmental cows were 73.3% and 83.3%the values were not statistically different.

Thirty crossbred equine foetus, with ages varying from four to ten months of intrauterine life, were utilized to studies about the skeletopie of thearterial branches, which are directioned to Pars toracica of the thymus. In this material was evident that various arterial branches to the thymus lie more frequently at level of the first and second intercostal space, however this vessels can stay at level of third intercostal space, and before of first rib.

Utilizando-se 30 fetos de equinos S.R.D., foram estudados a origem e o número dos ramos arteriais destinados ao timo, tendo-se verificado a participação das artérias torácicas internas direita e esquerda, carótida comum direita, pericárdica, subclávia esquerda, tronco braquiocefálico, torácica externa direita e cervicais superficiais direita e esquerda. Alcançam o timo de um a seis ramos arteriais, mais frequentemente um e dois.

Thirty adult Nelore bovine pairs of testis, from animals aging 4 to 8-years-old were collected and studied through vinyl acetate models. Two types of testicular arterial distribution were observed. In 70%of the cases the testicular artery gives two branches: one lateral and another medial with an equivalent participation in the organ's irrigation (10.0%); another 31.7% of these showed predominance of the lateral branch or of the medial (28.3%) and in some cases (30.0%) it supplies with 1 to 5 lateral and from2 to 4 medial branches which together with the mentioned artery, irrigate the gland. For each type of vascularization, the origin, number of penetrating vessels, its distribution and different quarters settlement were registered. Regarding to the number of penetrating vessels, they were observed in the dorsolateral, dorsomedial, ventrolateral and ventromedial quarters, which reported in terms of their medians were respectively: 12,0; 11,0; 7,5 and9,0 when there was an equivalence between the lateral and medial branches in the testicular vascularization;12,0, 8,0, 8,0 and 13,0 with predominance of the lateral branch; 9,0; 9,0; 11,0 and 10,0 with predominance of the medial and 11,0; 11,5; 10,0 and9,5 when the testicular artery issues variable number of lateral (1 to 5) and medial (2 to 4) branches.

This work, performed during March 84 to May86, was done uith specimens of "pirapitinga do sul", Brycon sp., from Estação de Aquicultura de Paraibuna owned by the Companhia Energética de São Paulo (CESP).Two groups of 400 fishes were put in tanks measuring10x20 m, respectively with 1.4 and 2.6 years old. Monthly, 10 specimens from each tank were captured and transported to the Instituto de Pesca-SP, when total length and weight were taken under anesthetics. The blood was withdrawn using a disposable syringes and needles, and utilized for total erythrocyte counts, (Er = 104/mm3), hematocrit (Ht = %) and hemoglobin concentration (Hb = mg%). With these data the hematimetric absolute indexes were calculated: VCM = µm3, HCM = µµg e CHCM = %. Differences were found neither between male and female means nor between the gonadal maturation stages, but a discret increase of these means was observed with the advancement of the gonadal maturation. The mean values of the hematologic analyses were superior for the C 14 tank when compared with those of the C 13 tank. It was also found a significant correlation between the hematologic variables Er, Ht and Hb.

Estudou-se, em 30 pares de rins de suínos da raça Large White, 15 machos e 15 fêmeas, com aproximadamente quatro meses de idade, procedentes do Matadouro e Frigorífico "Eder", em Itapecerica da Serra, Estado de São Paulo, a distribuição arterial e venosa do hilo deste órgão, mediante disseccão dos elementos vasculares do pedículo renal, após a fixação do material em solução aquosa de formol a 10,0%. Nestes animais, a artéria renal direita fornece de seis (10,0%) a vinte (3,3%) ramos, com maior frequência de dez (20,0%) e a esquerda de quatro (3,3%) a dezoito (3,3%), com maior incidência de dez(16,7%) e demonstrou uma maior concentração no quadrante craniodorsal, seguido dos quadrantes cranioventral, caudoventral e caudodorsal. No que tange ao número de raízes venosas, a veia renal direita apresenta uma variação de uma (10,0%) a cinco (33,8%) raízes, com maior frequência de cinco (33,8%),a esquerda de duas (13,3%) e sete (3,3%), com maior concentração de três e quatro (53,4%), situadas com maior incidência no quadrante cranioventral, seguido dos quadrantes caudoventral, craniodorsal ecaudodorsal. Quanto à situação global, os ramos das artérias renais direita e esquerda se apresentam em maior número de vezes preponderantemente periféricos(43,3%), enquanto as raízes venosas se mostram exclusivamente periféricas (16,7%). Há igualdade no número de ramos das artérias renais e raízes das veias renais, direitas e esquerdas, apenas 1 vez (3,3%), com distribuião desigual nos quadrantes. Não existem diferenças estatisticamente significantes quanto ao sexo. Estudou-se, em 30 pares de rins de suínos da raça Large White, 15 machos e 15 fêmeas, com aproximadamente quatro meses de idade, procedentes do Matadouro e Frigorífico "Eder", em Itapecerica da Serra, Estado de São Paulo, a distribuição arterial e venosa do hilo deste órgão, mediante dissecção do selementos vasculares do pedículo renal, após a fixação do material em solução aquosa de formol a 10,0%.Nestes animais, a artéria renal direita fornece de seis (10,0%) a vinte (3,3%) ramos, com maior frequência de dez (20,0%) e a esquerda de quatro(3,3%) a dezoito (3,3%), com maior incidência de dez(16,7%) e demonstrou uma maior concentração no quadrante craniodorsal, seguido dos quadrantes cranioventral, caudoventral e caudodorsal. No que tange ao número de raízes venosas, a veia renal direita apresenta uma variação o de uma (10,0%) a cinco (33,8%) raízes, com maior frequência de cinco (33,8%),a esquerda de duas (13,3%) e sete (3,3%), com maior concentração de três e quatro (53,4%), situadas com maior incidência no quadrante cranioventral, seguidodos quadrantes caudoventral, craniodorsal e caudodorsal. Quanto à situação global, os ramos das artérias renais direita e esquerda se apresentam em maior número de vezes preponderantemente periféricos(43,3%), enquanto as raízes venosas se mostram exclusivamente periféricas (16,7%). Há igualdade no número de ramos das artérias renais e raízes das veias renais, direitas e esquerdas, apenas 1 vez (3,3%), com distribuição desigual nos quadrantes. Não existem diferenças estatisticamente significantes quanto ao sexo.

Vacinas contra influenza equina bivalentes (A/Eq1 e A/Eq2) inativadas, sem e/ou com adjuvante de hidróxido de alumínio, produzidas no Instituto Butantan, foram comparadas quanto a sua capacidade de induzir a produção de anticorpos específicos, através dos testes de inibição da hemaglutinação (IH) e de hemólise radial simples (HRS), em dois lotes de potros. Pela análise de títulos de anticorpos no soro, a partir de avaliações semanais, verificou-se que ambos os tipos de vacina apresentaram imunogenicidade. Ao prazo de um mês da vacinação observou-se que a imunização com vacina adicionada de adjuvante, comparada à imunização com vacina simples, resultou em respostas de anticorpos com títulos mais elevados tanto para IH como HRS, avaliadas frente às duas cepas virais.

Nódulos de berne (Dermatobia hominis) foram contados em bovinos da raça Canchim, machos e fêmeas, na faixa etária de 24-36 meses, no período de janeiro de 1982 a dezembro de 1983. A contagem era feita do lado esquerdo do animal a cada 14 dias, em lotes de 15 animais, com o objetivo de observar a epidemiologia do berne na região de São Carlos. As maiores infestações foram observadas nos meses de fevereiro, setembro, outubro e dezembro, o que representa uma frequência de 14,5%, 17,5%, 17,5% e 9,7%, respectivamente. As menores infestações foram verificadas nos meses de julho e agosto com 1,2% e 0,9%, respectivamente. Os meses de janeiro, março, abril, maio, junho e novembro apresentaram intensidade de infestação intermediária, que correspondem a 5,8%, 4,5%, 7,5%, 7,4% e 7,7%, respectivamente. As frequências de nódulos de berne mais elevadas foram observadas no período referente aos meses mais quentes e úmidos, enquanto as menores nos meses mais frios e secos.

Relatam-se 5 casos de leucoencefalomalécia em equinos associados com a ingestão de milho mofado, ocorridos durante o inverno de 1990, provenientes de 3 propriedades no Estado de São Paulo, nos municípios de Poá, Pirassununga e Santana do Parnaíba. Os animais apresentaram sinais clínicos semelhantes como ataxia, cegueira, disfagia, andar em círculos e convulsões. Ao exame necroscópico, os cérebros encontravam-se congestos, revelando ao corte áreas de cavitação ao nível da substancia branca sub-cortical. O exame histopatológico exibiu lesões ao nível de substancia branca, caracterizadas por necrose de liquefação, hemorragias focais e infiltrados celulares nos espaços de Virchow-Robin, compostos predominantemente porpolimorfonucleares (eosinófilos e neutrófilos), associados a mononucleares. Análises microbiológicas demonstram que Fusarium moniliforme foi o fungo mais freqüente (1.9 x 10 6 UFC/g de alimento).

An experimental model of heart implantation in mice was studied, in accordance to the feasibility, post-surgical kinetics by histopathology and practical application. Isogenic animals from BALB/c and C57BL/10 strains were used, supplied by the Animal House of the Department of Parasitology, Microbiology and Imnunology of FMRP-USP. The experimental protocols were performed according to the operatory steps of the implantation of hearts extracted from just-born donors to the subcutaneous space of the dorsal face of the ear of adult singeneic and non singeneic receptors. Obtained results showed, basically, good feasibility and success in singeneic implantation. For non singeneics, there was sistematic rejection. The analysis altogether of the studied parameters allows to foresee the great utility of the model and the subsides that will bring to further studies in the field of alotransplantation.

This paper describes the fecundity and type of spawning of Moenkhausia intermedia in Ibitinga reservoir, São Paulo State, collected from June 1989 to May 1990. 37 mature females were examined and the average fecundity resulted in 6092 ovocytes. For determination of type of spawning 584 females were used. It was observed that spawning is discontinuous, with annual periodicity and higher, in October and November. Fecundity was related to total length, total weight, body weight and ovary weight. The best correlation was between fecundity and ovary weight.

O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar em que comprimento e idade ocorre a primeira maturação sexual de fêmeas de Saguiru prata Steindachnerinainsculpia, na Represa de Ibitinga (21046'S 48059'W). Os valores encontrados através da curva de maturação, ajustados pela equação de von Bertalanffy, foram: Loo= 143,5 mm e K = 0,381. A primeira maturação sexualdá-se com um comprimento total médio de 97,73 mm, aos 3 anos de idade.

In this trial, 18 adult clinically sound bitches, without clinical symptoms of estrus were utilized, being randomly assigned in 6 groups with 3 animals each. After uterine biopsy for control, medroxiprogesterone acetate was injected into females of the group I, II and III, and megestrol acetate into females of the group IV, V and VI. It was observed that both drugs were capable in inducing endometritis, but this effect was more discrete in the animals of group IV, V and VI. The occurrence of poliuria, polidipsia, abdominal distention, purulent or bloody vaginal secretion, leucocitosis or anemia was not recorded.

An experiment was made in order to evaluate the effect of hooves treatment with 10% formalin solution in a footbath plus a reduction in the floor abrasiveness on the clinical aspect of lameness. One hundred and two sows, in 14 boxes with partially slatted floor, were used. The animals, seven in each box, were randomly divided in control (T1) and treatment (T2), where the animals were submitted to 12 passages in a 10% formalin in solution footbath during five weeks. The box floor was visual and manually classified as a very abrasive. Afterwards using an electric sharper the floor of all the boxes was polished and it was then classified as milddy abrasive. The treatment (T2) started after the floor correction. The animals were clinically examined in order to evaluate lameness frequency and severity at the beginning and at the end of the experiment period. The results were compared by qui-square test. It was concluded that with the decrease of the floor abrasiveness there was no improvement of the clinical situation of lameness but it is not worse and that the treatment with 10% formalin solution reduce significantly the lameness.

Individual weights at birth (PO), 21 days(P21) and weaning (PD) of 746 piglets, being 201Landrace, 136 Wessex-Saddleback and 409 crossbred were analysed by the least squares method. Estimates of heterosis and weight gains were obtained by a fixed model considering the effects of year and season at birth, litter order, sex and litter sizes, besides paternal and maternal breed effects. The effects were significant and the crossbred piglets were heavier than purebreds. Heterosis estimates were 2.6% for PO, 9.7% for P21 and 13.9% for PD, indicating higher no additive gene effects when the age of piglets increase or their dependence on maternal hability becomes less important. Interactions between maternal and paternal breeds were significant. The results indicate that crossbreeding these two breeds is useful for piglets production.

Num experimento de engorda em confinamento, foram utilizados nove bubalinos e nove zebuínos, todos machos castrados, de 18 a 24 meses de idade e peso médio de 340 kg, mantidos em baias individuais, consumindo dieta de 2,0 kg de soja crua moída, 2,0 kg de espigas de milho desintegradas (grão, palha e sabugo) e silagem de sorgo à vontade (controlando-se o consumo diário). Ao final do período de confinamento, todos os animais foram abatidos e o conteúdo ruminal de cada indivíduo foi homogeneizado, sendo colhidas amostras de 30 a 40 ml de liquido ruminal e, desta, retirou-se alíquota de 10 ml em tubo de ensaio com 20ml de formaldeído diluído em água destilada a 1:2,para fixação dos protozoários ciliados. As contagens de protozoários foram feitas em 100 campos e os resultados permitiram as seguintes conclusões: 1) adieta favoreceu maior concentração de protozoários ciliados/ml de liquido ruminal dos zebuínos que no de bubalinos, apesar destes apresentarem maior número de gêneros; 2) os protozoários ciliados digestores de fibra foram detectados em maior quantidade nos zebuínos que nos bubalinos; 3) o gênero Emodinium spp representou mais de 80% do total dos protozoários ciliados identificados nos zebuínos e nos bubalinos.

A procedure for the production of antirabies fluorescent antibody conjugate using equine therapeutic hyperimmune serum is described. The IgG fraction is rapid and easily purified and after labelled with the fluorochrome. By this procedure, laboratories without facilities to take up the work of raising antirabic serum can obtain high quality conjugates.

We have studied 35 pairs of spermatic cords of crossbred horses in order to establish the histological aspects of the following structures: testicular wrappers, arterial and venous vessels, intervascular tissues, as well as the arrangement of its vascular system and the length of the tract of testicular artery contained in it.

One hundred hearts of adult Bos indicus, 68 males and 32 females of the Gir, Guzerá, Indubrasil and Nelore breeds were studied, to observe the frequency, width and localization of the myocardial bridges on the coronary arteries. The results permit the following conclusions: 1) myocardial bridges occur in 94.0% of the hearts in nunber between one to seven; 2) the width of the myocardial bridges varied from 0.1 an to 5.7 cm width a mean of 1.33 cm; 3) myocardial bridges occur width more frequency on the left coronary arteries branches (85.38%), than on the following right coronary arteries branches (14.62%).