Repositório RCAAP

The purpose of this work is conceiving theoretically a firm in the post-Keynesian perspective, which is able to contribute to the heterodox microeconomic literature, especially the theory of the firm. In particular, Keynes criticism to the neoclassical is a forerunner in the search of elements that are able to outline the post-Keynesian firm. It starts with the notion of monetary production economy, the way in which Keynes conceptualized capitalist economies, through the non-neutrality of money, the active role that the business man has on the economy and thus the firm in which it operates, without forgetting to highlight the epistemological and environmental uncertainty. It is on this basis that the post-Keynesian turn to the microeconomic approach, highlighting, albeit in a diffuse way, elements such as pricing and production assets and investment market, competitiveness, technological performance, among others, meeting, will serve as constituents of the firm outlined in this paper. Without a particular firm defined, the strategy of this work was guided to seek a mirror to what is meant by firm in literature elsewhere, as namely the Resource Based View (RBV). From a concept of a firm already formed, the RBV provides guidance for the elements to get noticed amidst the diverse and scattered contributions developed by Keynes and the Post Keynesians.

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Many actors have recognized the interdependence between environmental crisis experienced by humanity and the unsustainable economic activities. By the way, they have advocated changes in production structures for the establishment of development initiatives that could promote the conservation of ecosystem services. In this regard, the Industrial Ecology approach advocates industry restructuring in a cyclical model of material and energy flows, i.e., in the form of an industrial ecosystem. Industrial ecosystem raises the economic performance of the business and mitigates waste and pollution problems through symbiotic exchanges between companies; indeed, it constitutes a strategy to promote sustainable development in the interfirm level. This work emerges from the following question: What are the patterns and trends of the dissemination of scientific knowledge built on industrial ecosystems? Based on bibliometric techniques, the overall objective of this study is to characterize global and Brazilian publication about industrial ecosystems. It is a descriptive research which uses quantitative methods. The methodology of the bibliographic portfolio composition covered sequential procedures which began with the definition of search tools for papers in specific databases, followed by filtering the collected publications. The primary data for the bibliometric analysis were obtained from the extraction of bibliographic elements of the cataloged texts. The results corroborate the hypotheses adopted, showing that: i) in fact, the scientific community aroused his attention to the solutions provided by industrial ecosystems; there was an increase in the number of papers published since the mid-1990s; and ii) despite the emergence of industrial ecosystems as one of the most influential perspectives in the dialogue between industry and environment in various disciplines, economics still remains reticent to insert these discussions in its theoretical body.

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The general objective of this work was to determine the existence of a relationship between environmentally sound disposal of municipal solid waste and population health. Three hypotheses had be tested: (i) the existence of landfill in a municipality improves the health conditions of their residents; (ii) the quality of landfills also influences the health status of the population; and (iii) municipalities that \"export\" their waste to other municipalities may have different epidemiological indicators from others. For this, there were econometrics estimates; including the adoption of an identification strategy based the health literature. The results do not refuted any of the hypotheses. Such evidence are important in function of the economic activities be intense in exploitation of natural resources (materials and energy) and, at the same time, it produces waste and has the waste in places, not always environmentally friendly. On the one hand, the pattern of mass production, usually adopted by firms, does not reflect without some kind of incentive (economic or regulatory), about how their products and / or by-products can be reused, recycled or reintegrated into a new cycle productive, either on the impact of his return to the environment. On the other hand, the growing population consumption ends up causing more and more solid waste and waste. In this perspective, one must reflect on the way that these solid wastes and tailings should have their destination and final disposal on the environment. If it held precariously, they can cause environmental problems (e.g., through the contamination of soil, surface and groundwater by leachate and air pollution by methane gas and the carbon dioxide) and social, including on population health. Most studies founded deal with the relationship between sanitation, specifically water supply and sanitation, and health, there is a gap on the solid waste management services, in particular the final disposal of these, what motivates this dissertation and points out to the relevance of the results.

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Technological innovation investments has played an important role in the development of firms and countries in the recent world scenario. Considering the high costs incurred in innovative effort, with its risks and uncertainty, the performance of public institutions to foster development is crucial to the promotion of technological development. The goal of this work is to discuss the role of innovation support policies and analyze the performance of the main federal institutions of technological innovation in Brazil: BNDES (Brazilian National Bank for Social and Economic Development) and FINEP (Funding of Studies and Projects). The results show that in the last decade, innovation policy instruments have become more comprehensive, and that there is complementarity between the instruments offered by these two agencies.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

This work aims to analyze a Brazilian public financing line to innovative projects, created in 2003, the Program to Support Research in Enterprises (PAPPE) Portuguese: Programa de Apoio à Pesquisa em Empresas. Coordinated by Funding Authority for Studies and Projects (FINEP) Portuguese: Financiadora de Estudos e Projetos and executed by the Research Foundations it has a decentralized operation. The study is justified by the National Innovation System approach and Triple Helix Model as a public police in innovation support, strengthening the relations between firms and academia, favoring the creation and transmission of knowledge and learning, key elements to innovate. A survey entitled PAPPE Interaction Portuguese: Interação PAPPE was developed to evaluate the contributions of the program. The first stage consisted of an online questionnaire with participants companies in different Brazilian states, intending to characterize them and identify the results on the creation of innovation, cooperation and other impacts on the performance of the firm. The second stage with some participants of the first stage consisted of interviews looking for more information about the project developed, difficulties and results. In general, enterprises that had projects approved in the PAPPE are relatively young and cooperatives, especially with suppliers, customers/clients and universities. The main results are the creation of new product to the national market and new process to the sector. The study also showed the different relations of the Project approved with other public financing lines, with emphasis on strengthening long-term industry-university interactions.

In the post-War period rises in Economics something known as Economic Development. However, if it is true that the Development Economics had achieved an incredible success, it is also true that it had a real short lifetime. As result of that process, the development thematic became vague, especially due to the incorporation of new themes within it. To the substantive "development" new adjectives were attached, giving to the term a pretense multiplicity. This fragmentation of the discipline originated a series of subthematics that made the development studies more complex and difficult to be understood in its global dimension. Looking more carefully at these questions, this paper seeks by rescuing the old Development Economics and the major historical changes in the world's scenario to explain (1) new paths in this discipline, (2) processes that lead to the historical changes of the development economics debate into a fragmented one, and (3) the nature of this fragmentation. Due the natural limitations of this work and the large number of theories in economic development field, the local and territorial development theories has been chosen as representative of the New Development Economics.

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The present work aims at to investigate the importance of the local productive arrangements of the textile and clothing sector to conceive employment generation, productive units and average remuneration to the towns of Petrópolis, Nova Friburgo and Cabo Frio, all of them located in the State of Rio de Janeiro, from the period of 1995 to 2004. The hypothesis that guides this work is that the local productive arrangements contribute for the growth and local development of form to increase the employment and the income and to reduce the local poverty. For this purpose, it was used the data from RAIS/MTE. The decision of studying textile and clothing sector is due to this sector is important to State of Rio de Janeiro, regarding the creation of employment. In spite of the crisis that it went though, the sector during the commercial opening of the decade of 1990, it still has important representation nowadays in the creation of employments, for the state transformation industry. For the research of local productive arrangements, that highlights the importance of the geographic proximity among the small and medium size companies to overcome the common production difficulties by the interaction and cooperation, it will be used, in the first chapter, the analyticteorical statement that deal with the evolutionist approach about the national and local system of innovation. The second one will contain the characterization of the local productive arrangements of the towns by means of employment relative data, establishment and remuneration and of recent research that has identified the interactions among the agents of the arrangements. The third one will compare the regions that are in the arrangements to bigger regions as the micro region, the state and the country; to identify possible productive gargles in the chain of the arrangements; to investigate the existence of arrangements impacts upon other sectors in the towns and the expansion of the activities of the arrangements for the close regions to the towns and to verify the evolution of the remuneration in the arrangements during the period in question. The last one will present the conclusions of the work.

Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais

This study has as object of analysis the issue of public policies for teacher formation and inclusive education, focusing on education of people with intellectual, sensory and physical disabilities at common schools. General Purposes: to perform a cross reading of the theoretical references that support the Brazilian public policies for teacher training, represented in the documents of normative/determinative character represented by laws and decrees, and those of mentor character, relating to the theme of inclusive education, in terms of the educational process of people with intellectual, sensory and physical disabilities; also to examine the curricula of graduation courses in: Biological Sciences, Geography, History, Languages and Literature, Mathematics, Pedagogy, and Programs of Post-graduation stricto sensu in these areas and/or equivalent offered by UFG, UFMT, UFMS, UFU and UnB seeking to understand the inclusion of this theme in them. 29 pedagogical projects of graduation teaching courses were investigated, 32 for masters and Ph.D. programs in related areas to the Graduation courses that this study focuses. Also, the Institutional Development Projects (IDP) of UnB, UFMT and UFMS were examined and the Institutional Project of Formation and Development of Education Professionals of UFU. Results of the study: The analysis of these national documents shows that: a) although the locus of education of people with intellectual, sensory and physical disabilities is, preferably, common education, the issues related to this thematic occur in spaces clearly dedicated to this purpose - special education, b) when concerning teacher training, it does not involve the education of this group of people, and when it does, it is treated as human diversity; c) the concerns showed focus on the conditions of accessibility of these people in terms of physical structure and adaptation of support and communication materials, not relating them to acts of teaching and learning, actions closely linked to teacher training. As for international documents, the presence of a broad approach of the aspects related to teacher training for the education of people with intellectual, sensory and physical disabilities is emphasized, demarcating its importance for achieving the targets related to the offering of quality education for all. As for the curricula of graduation courses in Biological Sciences, Languages and Literature, Geography, History, Mathematics and Pedagogy of the studied Federal Universities a total of 13 (thirteen) courses, representing a percentage of 45% shows in their curricula the presence of the discussion about Inclusive Education and/or Special Education and 16 (sixteen) of them, equivalent to 55% do not approach the thematic. Of those which approach this theme, in 46% of the cases the discussion occurs in subjects of compulsory nature, thus involving all students of the course and 54% are optional. In short, in all the documents analyzed, the insertion of the thematic related to the education of students with intellectual, sensory and physical disabilities in the curricula of graduations of the institutions locus of study is in the initial process, being a space to be built in all courses, signaling the need for the insertion of the thematic in the institutional debates, because this is not a demand of one course of institution, but it is a demand of the whole institution, of all its graduation courses for teachers.

This search investigates the beliefs on Pedagogical practice in Mathematics in a group of twenty Basic Course first series teachers. These professionals carry on teaching in public schools and have a different initial formation. Possible convergent and divergent points in these beliefs were identified. Twenty teachers were investigated, being ten of them licensee by Pedagogy Course and the other ten licensee by Superior Teaching Course. Questionnaires and interview were used as basic search instruments for data collection and an descriptive analysis was done. Questionnaires aim was to draw a teacher profiles. In order to organize and understand them a statiscal analysis was performed. The interview aim was to identify, to analyze, to understand and to describe the beliefs on Mathematics pedagogic practice showed in these teachers oral discourse. In order to analyze and to understand the interviews data knowledge on phenomenology and on phenomenological method. The research results showed that there is belief teachers convergence within each group, but there are significant divergence when both groups are confronted, a divergence based on different teacher pedagogic formation.

This thesis presents the result of a documentary research with the elaboration of an analysis on the diverse professionalisms consisting in the trajectories of education professionals, municipal teachers of Uberabinha, city situated in the north of Triângulo Mineiro region of the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, during the First Republic. The same one is connected to the line of research History and Historiography of the Education of the Doctoring in Education of the Program of Post-Graduation in Education of the College of Education (FACED) of the Federal University of Uberlândia (UFU). Research s focus is the identity and the teacher profession, and for theoretical bases authors of the knowledge areas: education, history of the education, history, sociology and constitutional law. The objectives were to establish analysis in the constitution of the teacher diverse professionalisms in his education professional performance, in a systemic relation between the structuring forces - professionality and professionalization -, that results in the delimitation of the professional autonomy, intercrossed for the dimensions time and space and the circulating pedagogical ideas, as much in the formation as in the professional performance, engendering professionalisms of the responsible, competent, associate and practical types; to comprehend the professional performance of the teacher through the trajectory composition of his professionalisms, consisting of moments and intervals; to identify the diverse professionalisms of teacher Alice da Silva Paes and teacher Jerônimo Arantes, in their professional performances as municipal teachers in regency of the Nocturnal Municipal School of primary education for pupils/workers older than sixteen years-old, in the years of 1924, 1925 and 1926, projecting their respective professional trajectories in Uberabinha s education, between 1907 and 1929. The primary sources used were: periodicals; magazines; official documents; proceedings; reports; municipal laws of Uberabinha City Council; school s documents; municipal s school inspection reports; photos; among others, beyond of necessary support of educational legislation derived of municipal, state and federal governments, in the focused period. Secondary historical sources produced by academic historians and local non-academic historians were used, with the purpose to oppose information and to web connections for the historical narrative. The obtained results were the systemic comprehension of the teacher s profession professionalism. About teacher Alice Paes, who exerted her professional moment in 1924 in the municipal sphere, in the regency of the Municipal Nocturnal School, it had been identified the associated and competent restricted professionalisms, having a resultant professional autonomy between the dimensions of professionality and the categories of the professionalization nourished by the axle of pedagogical traditional ideas, positivist, laic and confessional, in bases in the intuitive teaching of active method radiated by the New School movement. Teacher Jerônimo Arantes professionalisms identification, of 1925, 1926 and beginning of 1927, results in the associated types and full competent, in the regency of the Municipal Nocturnal School for the pupils/workers older than sixteen years.