Repositório RCAAP

Hog production and poultry raising constitute types of livestock activities which are of paramount social and economic importance for human nutrition in Brazil and also for generating wealth to the country economy through exports. The impressive increase in Brazilian exportation of swine and poultry has lead to intensive raising, that in turn has generated a great amount of manure which must have a viable destination, for without proper treatment may cause serious environmental effects and affect human health. Such residues, due to their high contents of nutrients and organic matter, and for being available in the rural properties at low costs may be utilized by the producers in the fertilization of commercial crops and in the physical recuperation of degraded soils. The objective of this research was to evaluate the influence of the application of swine manure and poultry bed on the recovery of physical properties of a Red Latosol. Two field trials were conducted simultaneously in a typical medium texture dystrophic Red Latosol, under degraded pasture of Brachiaria decumbens sp, located in Uberlândia, Triangulo Mineiro, Minas Gerais. In each experiment the 10x25 m plots received treatments with swine manure in the following amounts: D0 = nihil; D1 = 79.37 m3 ha-1; D2 = 158.73 m3 ha-1; D3 = 238.10 m3 ha-1; D4 = 317.46 m3 ha-1 and the treatments with poultry bed in the following amounts: D0 = nihil; D1 = 1,737 kg ha-1; D2 = 3,473 kg ha- 1; D3 = 5, 209 kg ha-1; D4 = 6,945 kg ha-1. The application of the residues were carried out in November 2005 and the soil was sampled in three distinct times, January, (starting of the rainy season), March (rainy season) and August (dry season), with 60, 120 and 270 days after the distribution of the manure, respectively at the soil depths of 0 to 20 and 20 to 40 cm and it was analyzed the physical attributes: clay dispersion in water, degree of flocculation, soil density, total porosity, soil macro and micro pores, soil resistant to penetration and stability of aggregates in water. The physical attributes of the soil were influenced by the poultry bed and swine manure applications, in greater magnitude in the different times and sampling depths. Clay dispersion content in water had decrease as the residue dosage increased. On the other hand, there was a raise in the level of flocculation and stability of the aggregates in water as the doses of manure increased. Soil density presented a negative relation with the increase of the poultry bed and the swine manure. Total porosity, soil macro and micro porosity and soil resistance to penetration were not influenced by the fertilization with the residues. In general with the increase of the doses of organic residues, the physical attributes evaluated were improved. There is potentiality for the utilization of swine manure and poultry bed in the physical recovery of soils and degraded pastures.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

This dissertation analyses the city in its contemporariness in particular, the South Sector of Uberlândia through particularities found in medium-sized cities (of such size and rank as that of Uberlândia). It discusses urban dispersion, searching for urbanistic guidelines towards improvement of the population s quality of life. The title of the work, Think, Construct and Live the City, reflects the structure of the text which subdivides the dissertation in its three chapters. To begin with, Think the City comprises an historic analysis of the urbanization of the city s territory and its political and economic evolution, understanding the social and spatial segregation process of the classes of income within the intraurban space of the city. Under these terms, it characterizes the contemporaneous society, its way of life and diversity of the profiles, and the reconfiguration of the centralities through the new forms of segregation. It proposes to define the concepts of urbanity, the relations with the process of segregation and fragmentation of the urban space and also understand the influence of the real estate market on the locations of the undertakings. Construct the City identifies the manner whereby the public and private agents, as well us the social movements, operate in the construction of the contemporary city, in addition to analysing a few undertakings in the region under study in order to understand, through the urban morphology, the operation of the urban design in the construction of the contemporary city and the pertinence of the urbanistic legislation. Live the City is aimed at attaining general guidelines for the urbanization and design of the city in order to generate a reflection on the ways whereby to improve the population s quality of life as well as the public spaces. The approach to this work results in a proposal for general guidelines towards the improvement of the population s quality of life in its social, economic and urbanistic aspects, further considering that any effective interference in the contemporary city should bear in mind the influence of the economic and social aspects on the urbanistic interventions, in order to carry out design projects which can be effectively established in the cities, changing the culture in force regarding the depreciation of the role of the architect and the governing improvisation in the planning processes of our cities.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

This research investigated the quality of sidewalks from the perspective of the user by evaluating the physical aspects and sensory (or perceptive) of the trajectory. The main objective was to understand which attributes are responsible for the quality of the pedestrian trajectory. For this analysis a methodology with multi-methods and valuation techniques was used, which was also divided into two pillars: physical aspects and perceptual aspects. Quantitative methods were used to evaluate physical aspects whereas qualitative methods were employed for perceptual evaluation. The methodology was based on the perspective of the user based on the four perspective planes defined in the Sidewalk Room as roadside plane, canopy plane, ground plane and building wall plane. In order to evaluate the quality of these planes, Post Occupancy Evaluation techniques were applied. Data collection was employed for the physical aspects, whereas interviewing techniques, behavioral map, word cloud and focus group were chosen for the perspective aspect. The data indicate problems related to the physical, acoustic and thermal comfort in the trajectory. Although there is an initial step on the issue of accessibility, its implementation is not suitable. The results suggest that the planes interfere with each other in the trajectory quality. In facades (building wall plane) whose stores are more integrated with the sidewalks (ground plane), directly affecting the flow of pedestrians. The interviews, focal groups and behavioral maps confirm the data of the physical survey, in which the results demonstrate dissatisfaction regarding walk quality. Also a great interest of this research users in the windowshops, shops , the main square in downtown Uberlândia, the Tubal Vilela Square, was manifestated. The results indicate that, despite the heavy flow of people, the quality of the sidewalks from the perspective of the users through its four planes still demands attention by the government.

The implementation of the railway in Triângulo Mineiro and Alto Paranaíba helped to develop the area and connexion with other states: São Paulo, Goiás and Mato Grosso. The railway used to transport people and goods throughout many train stations in urban and rural areas and some major railroad complexes. There were many factors that led to the decline and abandonment of these properties: governmental policies which were in favour of road transportation and automotive industry, the replacement of the steam locomotive for electric and electric-diesel locomotives, changing part of the railway plan, removal of railways and loss of function of the buildings, extinction of passenger trains, which led the stations to lose its main purpose: people transport. 53% of the stations built inside the study area were demolished and most of them are in rural areas. There are several situations: stations on a precarious conservation state, most of them in the city s rural area, stations being used in urban and rural areas with new uses, stations working with cargo and goods transportation. The stations in Triângulo Mineiro and Alto Paranaíba area in Minas Gerais are the object of this dissertation, wherein the main interest lies on the stations that are in operation, 21 buildings, seeking to verify their conservation state, their agents and role in preserving the train memory. Maps, charts and tables were made for this collection s understanding, having visited the stations that are listed by the cultural heritage and the ones that are in operation with new functions. Field records were made allowing the understanding of these properties in operation. It is observed that only the buildings listing, despite ensuring the non-demolition, does not help on the use and preservation of these stations, because there are some buildings that have this protection level, but are abandoned and in disrepair. The use of these stations by a train company, operating with cargo and goods transportation do not also guarantee the buildings preservation, as they are not treated with any preservation interest, their maintenance are precarious. The using by these companies are various, however, only a few stations have internal spaces dedicated to the railroad memory. Most of the stations did not have preservation projects with architects and specialists participation and the major concern, during maintenance process, is on the building s external part. The stations conservation begins on the local government interest, that preserve these properties, most of them are in urban areas, the major challenge is on their using definition and occupancy, especially in the countryside, wherein the buildings uses must be sustainable, as regards the appreciation and management of this heritage.

This work investigates how the architectural language was addressed in conceptualists trends of the 1960s, with reference to two works: Eden and Instant City, respectively Helio Oiticica and Archigram. It is used as theme rationale, theory and application of Umberto Eco texts - mainly Estrutura Ausente - along with other writings and theorists who were selected, researched and aggregated for the enrichment of this research. In order to understand how to determine the architectural design proposal and the architectural structures in these works studied here, we intend to place the innovations of these productions in the midst of changes which then processed, questioning how they shook key points in the production of this group of British architects and Brazilian artist - especially as regards the relationship between spatial perception, the design paper to represent their propositions and architectural language to the art and post-modern architecture. Therefore, the project and the design will be addressed as the subject of research, as architectural language, analyzing the interests of their creators. Ultimately, this research aims to identify common standards and procedures and, according to the possible point as the drawing representations and architectural objects were employed. And yet, its importance to art and architecture. Paying attention in making a difference and behavior of proximity of objects of study adopted here: we believe the convergence point would be the interpretation of the fragmented architecture objects; and the point of difference would be the value assigned to the project as proposition for Eden and Instant City

The transformation of society, through time and space, along with changes in values and consumption patterns reverberate in the tertiary sector which is recreated and materialized in new concepts and customs. Based on this premise, this study offers a small contribution to public managers and urban planners, informing the dynamics of the tertiary sector, describing intrinsic elements and processes to commercial activities and retail services and its relationship with the city. Therefore, there was the search of comprehension of the tertiary sector\'s performance in the current spatial configuration of the center of Uberaba - MG, answering the following problem: how far the spatial configuration of the city center is influenced by the dynamics of trade and retail services? There are two options to consider: first, trade and retail services are promoters of structural transformations and second, they act passively responding to a given situation. It is believed that trade affects, as well as it is formatted by the spatial dynamics. This statement is discussed during the development this study. The research used investigative strategies and analysis divided into steps as methodological subdivision of four levels proposed by Libault (1971) comprising: data collection; analysis to correlate the theoretical information and field data collected; confrontation and correlation of information and, finally, conclusion. The results announce the importance of the tertiary sector as a producer agent, and landscape transformer, in a continuous and cyclical process of socio economic dynamics which form intra-urban centralities.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Currently using specialized sites, people gather in virtual communities that occur on the Internet. Some examples of those virtual communities are forums, bulletins and chats. They have created special ways to work with information in texts, sound and images. In that perspective, what knowledge and processes of apprehension/transmission of music can be revealed in forum Violão.org? That question leads this dissertation to its general objective that is to carry out an exploratory study to reveal knowledge and processes of apprehension/transmission of music developed in the forum Violão.org. Originated in the late 90s of the 20th century, it is the main forum of classical guitar in Brazil. The research has a qualitative character having a case study as methodological option. It contains a bibliography study; elaboration and applying of a questionnaire; interviews with moderators and analysis of a virtual scene as an example for understanding the forum dynamics on knowledge and processes of apprehension/ transmission of music. Data were interpreted being observed the different sources and research procedures. The analysis emerged from the contribution of Music Education scholars that have conducted their studies on new technologies related to apprehension/transmission of music, still considering the experiences of the author with the research object. The first chapter discusses Musical Education, interactive society and cyberspace, and issues related to the interactivity provided by the web as well; the second one presents the forum Violão.org; the third one approaches the base categories for the interpretation. The fourth chapter describes the methodology used for the investigation development and the fifth chapter develops the description and discussion of data collected. The results show that the exploratory exercise on the forum Violão.org has been a way to extend the studies and discussions on knowledge and processes of apprehension/transmission in virtual communities in the area of Musical Education.

Mestre em Artes

This dissertation is supported by the possibility of conceiving reading as a performance at minimum degree, turning language into a metalinguistic or metaperformative exercise that tries to activate the reader s body through investigating performance, body and the context of its accomplishment. Permeating contemporary art paradigms and the political/social/cultural context of the mediatized industrial capitalistic society, we find evidences of desire insolvencies and potencies that, when investigated on their productive features, cross and allow themselves to be crossed by subjectivities and their collective assemblages. Reports on one performance are recreated and revived in order to reflect on the discussed concepts considering the relationship of the performance with space, time, form, receptions and codes that permeate and constitute it. We compose a territory that is unfolded in multiple slopes: from concept to accomplishment, from the theoretical foundation to the reflection embedded and/or embodied in it, from conceptual landscape to the specificities of experience.

This work is part of the research area of Fundamentals Reflections of Arts Master Program at the University of Uberlandia, investigating issues of musical interpretation through the study of text and line song, within a selection of songs for voice and piano of the composer Kilza Setti. The research conducts a review of the scientific interpretation of the musical, the importance of text and vocal line during this process and the factors that may exceed the rational knowledge, reaching the intuitive and emotional. Three authors have been mainstays in elucidating the scope of interpretive questions: STEIN and Spielmann (1996), which discussed the song form, Bakhtin (1979) about the functions of text and Polanyi (1996) about the importance of tacit knowledge. The choice of Kilza Setti gives herself their undoubted importance as a writer and researcher in Brazil. In our view, this research proves to be as significant as it may, in addition to help understanding the interpretive process, contribute to the enrichment of the academic literature on the subject.

Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais

This work is situated among the Youth Studies, specifically in the debate on Youth and music . While academic field, it is part of the sociocultural Musical Education approach. Characterized as a case study, the qualitative research has as purpose to know how musical practices experienced by young people of a social project called Orquestra Jovem de Uberlândia (Uberlândia, Minas Gerais, Brazil) takes place in the constitution of their youth condition (ABAD, 2002; ABRAMO, 2008; DAYRELL, 2007; SINGER, 2008; SPOSITO, 2008). For this, the study seeks to apprehend the circumstances of the involvement of those actors with musical practices in the social project, configured as a space for teaching and learning string instruments; the means by which they build their knowledge of musical practices; and the meanings they attach to such practices in front of their youth condition. The research data shows young people have experiences that mark their life, reflecting on their relationship with instances as the family, school and work. Whereas they experience to make music in that context, they build knowledge and constitute themselves as subjects exercising and recognizing their potential, constructing and regulating their self-identity, idealizing life projects, establishing ties of affection, feeling within a group, relating to traditional instances of socialization, taking responsibility for themselves, thinking and acting autonomously. This is because they are motivated by the participation in the project as a space of sociability known as pedaço (MAGNANI, 2002, 2007a, 2007b), by the opportunity for experimentation of musical practices valued as a process of experiential and community character (SMALL, 1989, 1998, 1999), by the possibility of interaction with music in specific circumstances, incurring in semiotic force of music (DENORA, 2000, 2003), by the expansion of relation with musical practices experienced in the project to other spaces of circuito (MAGNANI, 2002, 2007a, 2007b) and also by the limited influence of adults in that context. The case study aims to contribute to reflections concerning Music Education insofar as it focuses on the subject to whom the processes of teaching and learning are addressed, considering in her/his living conditions and highlighting the complexity of her/his relation to the musical practices involved in the constitution of youth condition of those actors.