Repositório RCAAP

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

The formation of artificial lakes during the construction of dams modify the natural surroundings and this changes the conditions of life such as patterns of development and spread of diseases, especially the proliferation of the insect population of the Anopheles genus, vectors responsible for malaria. The aim of this study was to study the environmental impacts of construction of the Hydroelectric Power Saw Knife in Goiás on the Anopheles fauna in the area of influence of the reservoir in six pre-selected points in order to assess the risk of indigenous transmission of malaria. The specific objectives of this study were to identify the density and diversity of Anopheles species captured and their spatial distribution and diagnose environmental changes resulting from the construction of the UHE Serra Facão influencing the density and diversity of malaria vectors, as well as its temporal distribution. The survey was conducted in the reservoir of the Hydroelectric Power Plant (HPP) Sierra Facão in Goiás, in six pre-selected points (point 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6) from August 2008 to July 2011. Methodology was used as the capture of insects by anopheline Shannon traps and CDC traps during the evening. The catch occurred during the following periods: before the deforestation of the area to be flooded during the clearing and filling of the reservoir and after filling the reservoir. The most abundant species were: Anopheles darlingi and Anopheles albitarsis primary vectors of malaria. The anopheles fauna varied both in density and diversity of species in different capture points. The species were more abundant in the period prior to the deforestation of the area to be flooded (43.9%) and after filling the reservoir (30.24%).

The enormous changes that have occurred over the past fifty years, with regard to the environment, intangible triggered the needed to develop studies that increase the understanding of territorial dynamics, primarily environmental, which envision a less aggressive management of natural resources. Within this perspective, the anthropogenic activities promoted in this period, an expansion with the use and occupation of land before reaching inhospitable places, as evidenced in numerous areas of Brazilian savannah. This strong growth, coupled with public policies without due notice, provided the breakthrough not only in non-productive as well as in wetlands, so important to the environmental balance. Areas that now have the most efficient support of environmental legislation from the 1960s, such as wetlands and areas of permanent preservation are among the places that deserve protection at the expense of indiscriminate suppression and distortion, even against that required by law. This study aimed to perform a temporal characterization of wetlands and permanent preservation in the Uberabinha river basin in portions of upper and middle course. For this purpose, we used photographs areas of 1964 and 2009 satellite images that allowed a temporal comparison of these areas as well as characterizing the state of occupation of areas of interest in this portion of the basin. The aerial photographs allowed the observation that the occupation of the land at that time consisted mainly of savannah and areas for livestock farming. Context completely different from the ones working in the images of 2009. geoprocess techniques that include areas such as digital image processing, remote sensing, geographic information systems and digital mapping, served as very important tools that helped in the analysis of information effectively. Results showed that attitudes need to be taken against the continuous removal of wetlands, since this practice can trigger serious problems in public water supply for the city of Uberlândia, MG State. The largest impacts are associated with agricultural activities, especially agriculture.

The urbanization is a difficult process of being controlled, therefore, throughout the time some related studies had appeared the optimum planning of the occupation of the ground in the cities. Such fact leads to think about the importance of the urban planning, analyzing this as a permanent process in which they are developed plain and used new technologies to improve the quality of life of the citizens. Therefore, the general objective of the research, was to analyze the legislations that influence directly on the urban planning of the city of Uberlândia-MG. Having as focus, the use of the geoprocessing for one better analysis of the occupation of the ground in the Avenue João Naves de Ávila before and after the implantation of the structural corridor of transport, called Running Southwest. Being thus, software ARCGIS 9.2 was used to assist in the analysis of the planning of urban public transport, road system and occupation of the ground in the Structural Corridor. The research searched to demonstrate that it is possible to be able I publish it municipal theatre, to use tools that are viable the solution of localization problems, that they need analysis of the existing road system, collective transport and use and occupation of the ground. Therefore, the choice to study a Structural Corridor was due to importance of the priority of the public transport in the cities, therefore this attitude is a form to democratize the urban space. Thus, it was evaluated by means of the mapped data, that an increase of registers of users in the ratchets of the stations throughout four years of existence of the corridor had, what it demonstrates that more citizens are giving preference to the use of this type of transport. Thus, although all the aspects mapped throughout the research, are considered that still it is early for affirming if the Structural Corridor is or not responsible for the increase of the built areas. Exactly thus, the applied techniques of geoprocessing in the space analysis had been considered very useful, therefore they had allowed to characterize the behavior of the use of the ground.

Recent urban studies have been showing a strong tendency to the raise of inequality, factor that has marked and modified considerably urban way of life since the end of 20th century. The gathering of population in the cities potentize the tendency alluded, once it establishes and intensifies progressively urbanization process, causing cities to grow, mostly, unorgarnizedly and diffusely, instituting several urban problems such as poverty, exclusion and sociospacial segregation. Therefore, this research seeks to study Uberlandia's South sector's urban expansion's dynamics in order to confirm the existence of such a space featured by the intense sociospacial distinction arisen from social inequality generated into intro-urban area. Methodological procedures used on the research comprehend bibliographic surveying based on relevant topics focused on this subject, fieldwork, of fundamental importance on the empiric investigation to answer questions presented on the objectives, once going to the field is made feasible by its functional quality around the place being investigated, what facilitates the understanding of the reality from the acquisition of photographic material; data gathering and information collected with public authorities and construction companies responsible for recent projects being built in South sector; analysis of collected documents either from public administration and companies or from advertising folders and journalistic sources; by taking pictures and drawing maps that permit an effective reality portrayal in order to clarify and simplify matters presented throughout this paper; and, finally, compilation and writing down the paper. Here with, based on the investigations, it was possible to verify that South sector is formed of fragmented spaces according to their residents' income level, therefore, establishing social-economic diversification amongst boroughs that are part of it. Besides, it was testified that this city area does not include, mostly, the higher purchasing power population, once this portion is represented by a minimum percentage living in this sector. Finally, the urban expantion oriented towards South sector grants the establishing of a handful of new public and private business projects guided to providing houses to each and every income level, with the commercial ones prioritizing, specially, opulent classes.

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico

This study aimed to analyze with the help of TM data - Landsat 5, the relationship between the changes in land use and the variation of temperature and surface albedo, during period winter in basin River Vieira for the years 1985, 1995 and 2010. The choice of river basin Vieira is justified because this area, located in the North of Minas Gerais, was the scene of intense and rapid population growth. So this fact led to several modifications to the systems of river basin Vieira land use, such as: rapid urban expansion, rehabilitation of degraded areas and human disturbance of natural areas. Allowing this context, the development of this work in an environment with appropriate changes in land use systems necessary for the research. The methodological procedures needed to analyze the relationship between changes in land use and the variation of temperature and surface albedo in the Rio Vieira were the following: the first procedure considered the treatment of satellite images in goal to map land use; this mapping, in turn, followed the hierarchical scheme proposed by Heymann Legend (1994). The second procedure considered the application of the algorithm semi empirical Surface Energy Balance Algorithms for Land - SEBAL, which describes the full swing of radiation on the Earth's surface from the spectral bands of visible, near infrared and thermal infrared. From an operational standpoint, the runtime of the methodology applied to the mapping of land use, since the acquisition of orbital products to validate the mappings, was relatively short. A fact that deserves attention, especially because it led to the development of a wide range of temporal information of Vieira River basin. With emphasis on the recovery of 54.79 km ² of natural vegetation in 25 years. From the viewpoint of the thermal mapping, the coefficient of variation showed a correlation between the temperature obtained by the SEBAL model and the air temperature, measured at about 1.5 m high, ranging from 0.61 to 11.38 % and an overall accuracy r ² = 0.961. This validation was highly effective in order that the data Landsat TM 5 are collected at an altitude of 705 km above the surface. The statistical validation shows that the estimate of the infrared emissivity obtained by this algorithm satisfy the need for obtaining the thermal modeling of river basin Vieira from the spectral channels of Landsat 5 TM sensor. It is recommended the SEBAL algorithm for studies seek to that analyze the spatial distribution of surface temperature data. Considering that the temperature of the surface is of great value to the understanding of various climatic phenomena.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

This work is part of the research project entitled O Rio Araguari Passo a Passo e os Efeitos Socioespaciais da Construção de Barragens developed at Instituto de Geografia of Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (IG/UFU), funded by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG). The objective of this research is to analyze the social and spatial effects of the Grandes Projetos de Investimentos in Triângulo Mineiro and Alto Paranaíba, specifically in the Assentamento Vida Nova, located in the influence area of the energy enterprises of Amador Aguiar I and II, created as a compensatory measure to the construction of projects. It was tried to design a theoretical discussion to understand the authors point of view from different areas and clarify the main conceptual elements like, for example, the territory, the cultural identity and others that may contribute to the discussion about the implementation of hydropower plants. The methodology was based on the literature in order to identify and establish indicators that point to prior knowledge about the effects directly linked to the processes of compulsory relocation. Subsequently, field works were made to know the reality experienced by individuals who have been displaced and subsequently installed in Assentamento Vida Nova. According to the testimonies collected during the field works, an overview will be prepared about the rehabilitation and adaptation of these people in their new territory.

This work aims to analyze the effects of socio-spatial construction of the Hydroelectric Plant of Miranda, in Araguari River, whose consequences reached the city of Indianópolis, region of Triângulo Mineiro. This study takes part of a survey that was developed at Instituto de Geografia of Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (IG/UFU), entitled Grandes Projetos de Investimentos no Triângulo Mineiro e Alto Paranaíba: o rio Araguari passo a passo e os efeitos socioespaciais da construção de barragens and subsidized by Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais (FAPEMIG). The research is inserted in the Núcleo de Estudos e Pesquisas sobre Efeitos de Grandes Empreendimentos (NEPEGE). By the way, the hydro works produce large effects on the environment with reflections in the whole society. Methodologically it was sought to identify and establish indicators that point to a prior knowledge about the effects directly linked to major projects and hydro power. Later, field works were made and site visits were taken to analyze the effects in Indianapolis. This study intends to provide a new understanding of social relevance about this subject, which may contribute scientifically to the academic community and to Indianópolis population about the transformations in the city with the realization of a great work.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de Minas Gerais

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

This qualitative research uses the Case Study. The project was submitted to the Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa com Seres Humanos (CEP) of the Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), with final analysis n. 321/11 and assent filed under n. 147/11. This study aims to reflect on the field work in the teaching process and learning in Geography for the deaf student in a public High School of the State at Uberlândia-MG. Approaches take into account the teaching of Geography in the view of education as an instrument for social transformation, thinking the school as a place where the development of the individuals happens to confront the inequalities in contemporary capitalist society through their civic education. I the investigation we considered the Geography teachers‟ conceptions, the conceptions of the interpreters of Libras and Deaf high school students about: the inclusion model, the current school against cultural differences and the methodologies used in the construction of knowledge in Geography. Choosing the school as object of study, the criterion used was the presence of deaf students in High School in sufficient quantity for research‟s study. The data analysis points to a deficient system of inclusion. In another words, several problems are highlighted by interviewee, which are: there is no continuing education process for teachers and teaching group, teaching resources are inadequate and the curriculum is inflexible. However, teachers and interpreters are favorable to the process of inclusion of deaf students in regular schools. In s spite of this, they consider themselves professionally unprepared to work with these students and other disabilities, pervasive developmental disorders and high ability/talented. Given this reality, teachers and interpreters need to bet on continuing education courses, Career Plan that values the category. It is necessary curricular flexibility and time for educational planning. All interviewee indicated the importance of field work in teaching and learning of deaf students. However, teachers who do not perform this kind of activity reported several obstacles for its implementation, including: excessive workload and responsibility to lead students in places out of the school environment.

The Small Hydro Power has been shown as an alternative on power generation contribution in Brazil. Spite of being a smaller structure in respect to hydroelectric power stations, reservoirs of SHP and its surroundings require some care on the environmental preservation issues. In this sense, the objective of this study was to evaluate the potential generation of sediment in the reservoir contribution area of Piedade SHP by identifying, mapping, ranking and analysis of factors that affect this process; and the collection, measurement and confirmation of its siltation effects in the dam. To achieve the purpose were produced, analyzed and related maps that focused on factors that affect sheet erosion as morphopedology, slope, land use. From these data were pointed out the different classes of susceptibility and the potential sheet erosion. The area morphometry was also analyzed by addressing the drainage density as a factor that determines the transmissibility of the land. Finally the map was organized which identified the areas with greatest potential for generating sediment that may contribute to the silting of the Piedade SHP reservoir. The final map showed a predominance of low potential to siltation, however, the areas that have greater potential to generate sediment are located in areas around the reservoir, which requires care. In line with the preparation of cartographic material were obtained data from the transport and deposition of sediments in the Piedade SHP reservoir during a hydrologic cycle with bathymetric campaigns and sampling suspended and bottom sediment. The data analysis revealed the predominance of sediment discharge mainly in the rainy season, and dissolved solids in the dry season. The sampling of bottom sediments demonstrated changes between textural proportions. The bathymetry showed no significant changes in the bottom relief of the reservoir. Based on these results we tried to help a better use of environmental resources, enabling the increase of the reservoir life.

This study addresses the matters of territorial management, regional setting and spatial organization present in the conceptual and methodological basis of PNLT (National Plan for Logistics and Transportation), evaluating, from the perspective of geographical science, the capabilities of reading and intervening the spatial organization of transport systems from its planning instruments. To this end, we review the theoretical and conceptual framework for defining the geographical means of research for approaching the theme of freight transportation and, thereby, establishing the parameters of \"geographical reading\" to be used in PNLT s conceptual and methodological basis. After defining the key elements to understand the geographical issues of freight transport systems, we proceed to the approach of \"logistics.\" In this regard, we stress the ambiguous character of this concept, pointing to its operational capacity of the circulatory logics in the modes of production and, thus, emphasize its \"territorial\" aspects. By defining the concepts of Business Logistics System (BLS) and Territorial Logistics System (TLS), we address specifically the plan s conceptual and methodological basis. Hence, we conclude that, although it is important to break the inertia of the of the sector planning by the Brazilian State in past decades , the plan has reading instruments unable to geographically contextualize transport systems in the country, and therefore their intervention instruments , especially infrastructural projects, are settled in methods strictly based on demand supply/cost benefits perspective and, therefore, ineffective in the assemblage of space, territorial and regional issues that rely on the transportation system of Brazil.

The objective of this work is to understand the constitution of senses in the political discourse under the perspective of Geography in textbooks which are written for the high school level teaching of that discipline. With both Political Geography and Geopolitics mediation on discursive formation, political discourse materialized on textual support on researching was taken as the object of research. Confrontation between the Geography epistemological reform and the ideological re-orientation of Brazilian education, was considered. The confrontation puts into debate the dimension of society political relationships and citizenship formation in the context of Geography teaching. After getting to know the net of high school level state schools in Uberlândia (MG) that is composed by 24 schools, six textbooks of Geography that are used by the teachers were listed. Two textbooks were selected which are for the most part adopted. They are Geografia Geral e do Brasil, by Elian Alabi Lucci, Anselmo Lazaro Branco and Cláudio Mendonça, and Geografia, by Lúcia Marina Alves de Almeida and Tércio Barbosa Rigolin. Discourse Analysis of French line, which is a Linguistics field of study, was the theoretical and methodological support for the analysis of language practices in the textbook being this one the expression of schools discourse. That allowed the comprehension of some Geography meanings and their expression in the textbook, specifically the intermediation of political Geography, whose role is important for the formation of this science and the teaching of it. For that, in a macro-instance, the constituent trajectory of the textbook of Geography was followed with special attention to political discourse. The text was enrolled in a pedagogical, economical and legislative conjuncture that conditions its production and circulation; the approach has subsidized another one: a discursive micro-instance that is crossed by discourse notions, discursive formation, subject, sense, silence, statement, memory, among others. In this way, taking the selected books as corpora, beginning with the fragments of the mentioned object and in the wide context previously re-built by the discursive analysis, we approached the political discourse in the corpora with the help of a discursive constitutivity, sense production, heterogeneity and silencing processes. The initial hypothesis was that the importance of citizenship in contemporary basic education and the participation of Geography teaching reveal, in the verticality of the discussions, a series of contradictions in the scenery of the geographical education. The hypothesis was confirmed by the analysis when the linguistic expression of the Geography textbook, silencing and disappearing processes related to the subject-reader were proved to exist. There are also certain debates concerning a geographical presentation of the world what leads to a relative division between the subject and the world, when this subject constructs statements and his citizen s identity.

The theme of the research aimed to study the transformations Socioenvironmental and cultural occurred in the head of the Formoso River, affluent of The São Francisco River, in the municipality of Buritizeiro, Northwestern of Minas Gerais. Until the 60s, this municipality presented a population predominantly rural and the head of the river served as a place of reproduction of the way of life and work of the peasant. With the introduction of the capitalist activities in the country, from the 70s on, charcoal production, reforestation, and commercial agriculture related to the agricultural industry the peasant families were expropriated from their land and migrated to the city, accelerating the urbanization in the municipality. The methodology was based on bibliographical review, document research, field research, open interviews and oral stories by peasant families and rural workers. The analysis of the socio-environmental impacts was made by means of the interpretation of photography images. The process of economical development in the country in the head of the Formoso River has consolidated the social inequalities, involving the peasant families and the environment, through new productions forms.