Repositório RCAAP

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

The objective of this work was to study the characterization of the resin from the post-industrial recycling of the stand-up pouch packaging (a bag that stands upright"), with the goal of providing information that helps and encourages the mechanical recycling of multilayers flexible plastic packaging. We studied the structure of the stand-up pouch packaging with the following composition: 11.2% of Poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET); 11.6% Polyamide (PA); 69.5% of polyethylene (PE); and 7.7% of paints and adhesives, used for cosmetics packaging. The obtained blend by mechanical recycling of the material was characterized, through mechanical tests of resistance to bending at three point, (ASTM D 790), Izod impact strength (ASTM D 256), tensile strength (AST M D 638) and shore D hardness (ASTM D 2240). Thermal tests as under load deflection temperature (ASTM D 648) and Vicat softening temperature (ASTM D 1525). rheological measurements, melt index (ASTM D 1238), dynamic-mechanical analysis (DMA), analysis of chemical properties through the images of the samples fracture surface made with SEM (scanning electron microscope), and energy dispersive analysis (EDS. The results obtained in the tests described above were compared to the values found in analyzes made with the materials separately, and it was found that the blend from the recycling package stand-up pouch is immiscible, that the presence of PET and PA helps to increase the mechanical properties of the material relative to the polyethylene (PE) but do not influence the thermal properties, which were analyzed by means of tests of deflection temperature under load (HDT) and Vicat softening temperature (VICAT).

This study had the objective to analyze the relation among the organizational values, the practices and the trust of the costumers in services organizations. Due to values influence in behavior; to organizational values influence in organizations members choices and decisions, and in the development of organizational practices, it was aimed to investigate, in the services organizations costumers point of view, the relation among organizational values, organizational practices noticed in the interaction with the employees, and the trust in organizations.To fulfil the study, the elaboration and application of a scale related to organizational practices noticed by costumers in interaction with employees was carried out, as well as the adaptation and application of a scale related to organizational values, and another referring to the analysis of trust. The sample, characterized as non-probabilistic, resulted in 503 services organizations costumers. The data treatment involved multivariate data analysis. The results evidenced that the organizational values noticed by costumers, positively correlated with their trust in organizations, involved respect with stakeholders, welfare of the employees, prestige and tradition. The organizational practices noticed by costumers in the interaction with employees, positively correlated with costumers trust in organizations refer, basically, to the positive interaction and the practices related to the competitors. The costumers´ trust was composed partially by the dispositional trust and mainly by the trust given to the organizations, composed by trust based on knowledge, characteristics and identification. New researchs are suggested, involving costumers of others segments and services organizations, using clusters analysis; comparison between the organizational values shared by employees and those noticed by costumers, as well as comparison between organizational values noticed by costumers and their personal values.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Internal Audit is an independent and objective assurance and consulting activity designed to add value to organizations. In the public banking context, where institutions are responsible for ensuring the maintenance of financial services, credit operations and representing a significant portion of national profitability, the activity of internal audit represents an essential role in the development of these organizations and the economy itself as a whole, being essential to ensure their high performance. However, the literature demonstrates that the measurement of the effectiveness of the audit is not simple, due to the difficulty in defining which indicators are ideal for evaluating its performance. Objective of this work: to develop a didactic material for the development of Performance Indicators for Internal Audit of a Public Financial Institution to evaluate its performance, through the application of the Balanced Scorecard principles. Methodology: this research is characterized as exploratory and participant and was applied in a Brazilian Public Financial Institution, using a qualitative approach with interviews with employees of the strategic team of its Internal Audit department. The analysis of the results was performed by categorizing the answers and thematic analysis of its contents, with the application of the IRAMUTEQ software. Practical implications: the development of a didactic material for the development of Performance Indicators for Internal Audit departments of the financial sector implies the facilitation of compliance with the guidelines contained in the Fundamental Principles for Effective Banking Supervision published by the Basel Banking Supervision Committee, as well as assists Chief Audit Executives to communicate more easily the mission and strategy of its department, concentrating audit actions on higher value-added activities and priorities defined by its main stakeholders. Originality and contributions: this study scientifically contributes to an issue so far little explored, especially in Brazil, related to the evaluation of the effectiveness and performance of the Internal Audit, so that it identifies opportunities for improvement in its performance, improving the governance process and assisting high management in achieving the purposes and strategies. Results: the main aspects for the development of a didactic material for the evelopment of performance indicators were demonstrated, the relevance of considering the practical experiences of the operational auditors obtained in the field work and the systemic vision of the strategic auditors for proposing a strategy for the department, as well as the considerations of stakeholders in the audit process for the formulation of performance indicators. The results also demonstrated the importance of the quality of audit reports and timing in identifying their findings, requiring, for this, the training and knowledge of auditors, in addition to improving the flow of audit activities. The importance of the "Supervisory/Self-Regulatory Entities and Public Control Agencies" was demonstrated to evaluate the performance of Internal Audit of Public Financial Institutions. Finally, the didactic material was tested resulting in 14 Strategic Objectives and their respective Performance Indicators.

The aim of this work is a dialogism approach between the basis-text, Héracles de Eurípedes, As metamorfoses de Ovídio and Os Doze de Trabalhos de Hércules by Monteiro Lobato. Firstly, it will be researched how Hercules, the Greek mith was stylised by Monteiro Lobato, throughout the gathering of signs inserted in the dialogical variety text pointing to the likeness and the difference concerning to the basis-texts. It will prosecuted, hence, the meeting between the theory about Mikhail Bakhtin s dialogism and the development about Julia Kristeva s theory related to the Bakhtin s proposals - The intertextuality. It will be still intended to demonstrate how the Taubaté s writer contributed to the formation of the Brazilian childish literature and the improvements idealized by him in several performance fields.

The development of pictorial art in the early twentieth century is dynamic until his break with the Dadaist Marcel Duchamp urinal. throughthe audiovisual language its had continuation in a new hybrid language, wich it will be deified by Futurism Italian artists who will recognize in the new language a mimesis of his new world. The futurist Luigi Russolo is regarded as an artist pioneer in research, trials and uses noise as a major element in his artistic praxis that transcends the avant-garde movement of Italian Futurism and presents resignified throughout the different art forms of the twentieth century. Before Russolo write The Art of Noisesin 1913, noise as element was already present in some way in the arts pictorial post Impressionists of the late nineteenth century and the beginning of the modernist avant-garde, such as the Cubist collages of George Braque and clearly in the draft redefinition of appreciation, enjoyment and production of art designed by Marcel Duchamp. Both conceptually and formally the importance of using the noise can be synthesized in the proposals of the Italian Futurists, adopting noise like a strong aesthetic element that can be found throughout interdisciplinarity that provides it. However, in Luigi Russolo noise is studied and used beyond the aesthetic or semiotic fields, noise becomes a vital practice of the artist, increasingly used and is embodied in the research and work of iconic artists such as the south korean Nam June Paik, pioneer of videoart and the new yorker band Sonic Youth, that among all recording and video production controlled by the cultural industry of the 90's, stands out for using the noise in a intersemiotic way, exploring the relationship between the audio and visual languages, seeking to create a common thread, a structure that aligns the different artistic productions that allied art to technology in early last century.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Brazilian education is considered one of the most deficient in the world, and it is in this context that Luna Education is included, seeking to improve public education by creating value from the use of technologies that connect the stakeholders of public education. Expanding the understanding of the student's socioeconomic context, there is the opportunity to connect them to the job market, in a concept similar to marketplace, where, once again, the connection of these two stakeholders generates value for both parties. However, in the marketplace concept, it is necessary to develop both the ability to gain scale in students and in companies. Considering that Luna Education already works closely with students, but to a lesser extent, the focus of the work is to overcome the challenge on gaining scale in students. Observing the current structure of Luna Education and its products, it was observed a challenge to take advantage of this opportunity, which was the objective of this work. The proposed and implemented solution by this work led to the implementation of process changes, internal and external resource analysis, alliance building and technological innovation in order to achieve the desired scale gain that would allow the creation of a new product that would connect high school students from public schools with the job market, creating a revenue line for Luna Education and changing the lives of thousands of people. The proposed and applied solution can be replicated, provided the necessary conditions are met, in order to reach the entire national territory with low unit cost, which is configured in a considerable economic and social impact, for the company and the management in Brazilian education. However, given the number of students in the Brazilian education system, there is a need for significant capital investment. In addition, this solution involves a significant level of complexity, as it is multifaceted, with the need to take simultaneous initiatives, involving the company, public education agencies, teachers and students' parents, to address the challenge, including changing product development processes, using high-scale printers, and real-time reporting software.

With the increasing number of participants to internet social network based systems, which uses several computer mediated communication resources like chat, instant messaging, hypertext links to videos and several objects available to facilitate the interaction between users, new frontiers emerges to apply this concepts on educational environment with collaborative forms. This work researches the applicability of Artificial Intelligence models combined with Social Network systems through use of Intelligent Agents. Initially the combination of Intelligent Agents and Social Networks proposal uses Multiagent based kernel acting to analyze and mediate the interaction process over social network.. Considering this perspective and to try stimulate the interactive user process on social network, this work brings the possibility of integrating the main kernel with a social network based on platforms using digital video, like Internet and Digital TV. Using educational content operating with a external module working as Intelligent Tutoring System which provides instructional units to be used with interactive and collaborative forms by participants, resulting a distance and collaborative learning tool. The main target for this tool combining Intelligent Agents and Social Networks, intends to provide a context where educators can research new educational strategies, interactive and collaborative perspectives.

Introdução: Epigenética refere-se às mudanças reversíveis e herdáveis no genoma funcional; processos epigenéticos subjacentes aos efeitos do gene e ambiente, onde há influências bidirecionais. Algumas doenças genéticas humanas têm sido alvo de estudos com abordagem epigenética, como Síndromes de Williams (SW) e Prader-Willi (SPW); a SW é ocasionada pela microdeleção de aproximadamente 25 genes da região 11.23 do cromossomo 7, incluindo o da elastina; a SPW é uma doença genética decorrente da falta de expressão de genes da região cromossômica 15q11-q13 paterna que sofrem imprinting genômico. Assim, é necessário levantar estudos que verificam a influência ambiental relacionada às alterações na expressão gênica desses indivíduos. Objetivo: identificar principais áreas de estudos transculturais que avaliam influências ambientais nas manifestações fenotípicas em SW e SPW. Método: revisão narrativa, efetuada por 2 pesquisadores de modo independente, com mesmos procedimentos em relação as bases de dado, palavras chave, idioma e operadores boleanos; após as buscas, os títulos e resumos de todos os artigos foram lidos e analisados, selecionando-se os que atendiam aos critérios de inclusão. Resultados: as áreas predominantes dos artigos foram ciências biológicas - genética humana e médica, identificadas 4 vezes, seguida de ciências humanas - psicologia fisiológica, cognitiva e social, identificadas 3 vezes nos 7 artigos. Quatro dos artigos discutem o fenótipo comportamental-cognitivo como padrão característico de anormalidades motoras, cognitivas, linguísticas e sociais que se associam de forma compatível com um determinado transtorno biológico. Dentre esses estudos, 2 deles abordam um desenho transcultural, apresentam a importância do ambiente no desenvolvimento de características fenotípicas da SW; os resultados mostraram padrões comportamentais e de linguagem similares, muito provavelmente explicado pelos determinantes genéticos. Os estudos mostraram que, independentemente da cultura na SW, mostrou-se afetações similares e diferentes (provavelmente associado a algum grau de influência ambiental). Conclusão: Para que estudos possam se aproximar a elucidação de aspectos bidirecionais, deverão contemplar variáveis comportamentais complexas dos fenótipos dessas síndromes, bem como as neurofisiológicas. Apesar do amplo período definido para o levantamento, os estudos identificados não permitem plenamente concluir sobre estes aspectos; embora todos tenham uma abordagem que contempla a influência ambiental sobre o genótipo.

Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo

The questions surrounding the analysis of the tax immunity of religious services and products are accompanied by religious freedom, based on Brazilian constitutionalism. Tax immunity in the history of the country's tax system has been present since the first constitution of 1824 which made the Emperor immune from taxation, and this fact expressly reached his family. Even with the separation of the State and Religion, occurred in the Proclamation of the Republic on November 15, 1889, there is no action to purge the religious spirit of the Brazilian people, the nation becomes secular, that is, it conciliates The plurality of belief in its territory. Tax immunity is backed by the Constitution of the Republic of 1988, and neither can a constitutional amendment be repealed, since it outlines principles and fundamental guarantees. This means that political people are incompetent to legislate on tax immunities, and in doing so, they will be under penalty of irreversible unconstitutionality. Temple of any cult, has the right to tax immunity, provided that it observes that the patrimony, the income and the services are being destined in consonance with the essential purposes.

O presente trabalho trata do vício social da simulação do negócio jurídico. Antes de dele tratar, faz-se necessário verificar qual a natureza do negócio jurídico, examinar quais os seus requisitos essenciais e estudar, mais a fundo, um deles: a vontade, cuja manifestação importa para sua configuração. Posteriormente, verificaram-se o conceito de simulação e suas espécies doutrinárias, a simulação absoluta e a simulação relativa. Mais adiante, estudou-se a simulação na antedatação ou na pós-datação do negócio jurídico, diferenciando-se a simulação inocente da simulação maliciosa. Depois, estudaram-se os efeitos da simulação, sua invalidade e nulificação, além da prevalência do negócio jurídico dissimulado. Finalmente, quanto à produção de seus efeitos jurídicos perante terceiros, investigaram-se as práticas da compra e venda para prejudicar o credor de boa-fé e da compra e venda de ascendente para descendente para prejudicar os demais herdeiros.

The aim of this work is a reflection about messianism and neopentecostalism. Among neopentecostals leaders, Apostle Valdemiro Santiago was chosen as a former bishop of Igreja Universal do Reino de Deus. But he is now the founder of Igreja Mundial do Poder de Deus. This church appears as a new hope for many people in the Brazilian religious field. The Apostle has a significant prestige among believers. They usually want to touch him because they believe power and virtue exhale from him including from his own sweat. Which means, that: Valdemiro is a charismatic neopentecostal minister who shows messianic traces. The focus of this work is to comprehend the messianic traces in Valdemiros Santiago in religious praxis and its relation with the major diffusion of Igreja Mundial do Poder de Deus. It is crucial to comprehend that messianism, according to Henry Desroche, is based upon hope. In Neopentecostalism, as in Igreja Mundial do Poder de Deus, there is a straight correlation between financial prosperity as the representation of the divine force, which mobilizes the believer to act in benefit of its conquest. This work approaches some of the most significant images concerning God due to religious praxis found in the referred institution.

Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo

Os espaços culturais, apontados nesta pesquisa como “arquiteturas do conhecimento”, são de essencial importância para a formação acadêmica e social de um indivíduo e da própria sociedade. A rapidez com que a tecnologia vem se desenvolvendo e as novas possibilidades por ela apresentadas tornaram as últimas gerações peritas em mudança, pois tiveram que adaptar-se rapidamente às transformações ocorridas, principalmente no que se refere aos métodos de aquisição e de produção de novos conhecimentos, para alcançar melhores condições na vida social e urbana. Essa necessidade de adaptação é a responsável pela alteração das relações pessoais e espaciais bem como pelas renovações nas demandas institucionais, culturais e pedagógicas. Isso explica a importância dada nos últimos anos à criação de espaços voltados para o conhecimento e para o lazer, como representantes de uma sociedade que procura atender, cada vez mais, às novas dinâmicas sociais e urbanas voltadas para o aprendizado colaborativo, a interatividade e à customização.

Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa

Study

Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa