Repositório RCAAP

Neste trabalho consta uma breve reflexão das possibilidades de uma arquitetura que buscam compreender a realidade e os costumes dessas comunidades do Complexo do Alemão, a fim de articular propostas com pré-existências...

IPM - Instituto Presbiteriano Mackenzie

Trabalho indicado pela banca examinadora ao Prêmio TCC

This is an investigative work on the use of colors in architecture and the city, having as spatial borders, São Paulo s neighborhood, Vila Madalena, due to the region s chromatic highlights. Notorious influence is given to the reading of the urban space, a language complex that forms the image in its poetry through the subjectivity of individually learned art, from sensorial stimuli acquired in this atmosphere. Color, as the support of a formed image, and of the art expression and architecture, becomes the scope of this study, always connected to its revealing element: light. This interdependency relationship between color and light calls for an integrated study of both factors. This form of energy called light, when distributed in its tonal radiations, assumes different meanings, according to different historical, cultural, traditional or even religious backgrounds. The approach to applied color emphasizes that the chromatic result of a landscape comes from further than reason or physical aspects of color, and is also a product of variables, such as the nature of light, the visual system and emotional sense of each one. On site investigation aims to establish a relation between image typology and applied color. A reflection on perception of the atmosphere and resultant interpretations of this process, either real or mental presented through memory fosters the study of this phenomena that makes each place incorporate and identify, along with times, new thoughts. Thoughts that rise as answers to the re-creation of the captured image. Meaningful sections of the district were attentiously covered, in search of a photographic memory that would reveal a bit of this chromatic and artistic experience called Vila Madalena. And finally, quantification and qualification of studied color combinations that were the basis to build chromati Index-palettes, scientifically based on the Munsell System for color identification.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie

This work has as main objective the determination of mechanical behavior, specially the impact resistance of martensitic structures based on carbon and on alloyed steels. The main concern is the response of these alloys when tempering at low temperatures (below 180°C). Heat treatments were performed by quenching in water and oil in order to determine the severity of the medium through testing the hardness, impact, micrographic and fractographic analysis. The SAE1045 and SAE4140 steels were also subjected to heat treatment tempering at low temperatures, 100°C, 140°C and 180°C, to verify the increase of toughness and possible changes in microstructure of these materials. It was the largest recorded hardenability of SAE4140 steel over SAE1045 steel, in agreement with the literature, through the results of hardness and micrographic analysis performed. The quenching in oil of the SAE4140 steel showed a predominantly martensitic microstructure which generated a hardness greater than SAE1045 steel showed a microstructure of martensite with islands of fine pearlite and ferrite. At all the tempering carried out for SAE1045 stel there is an increase in absorbed energy on impact with increasing temperature, and that these low-temperature tempering have significant influences on the material toughness. The tempering have higher increases of energy absorption and lateral expansion of SAE1045 steel in the conditions of quenching in water than in quenching in oil. For SAE4140 steel quenching in water (not very usual in practice) generated cracks in some specimens, since tempering in oil gave high values of absorbed energy during impact and showed no significant changes in the low-temperature tempering. It follows that for SAE1045 steel the low tempering temperature cause a significant increase in material toughness regardless of the quenching medium, however for tempering SAE4140 steel in water makes it impossible to evaluate because of the cracks generated in the coolong and quenching in oil no improvement in toughness can be observed.

Human behavior and child development have been the target of many researches and studies. The amount of children suffering from mental health problems is considered a major cause of childhood disorders. It must be remembered that child mental health and behavior disorders are close attached to the family that is significantly influent in development and behavior of its members and essential to adaptation to various situations across the life span. Therefore, it is important to assess behavioral disorders in childhood as they might affect children s development carrying risks to psychosocial disturbances in adult life. In this study, internalizing and externalizing behavior problems were considered as they are equally harmful to child development. The aim of this study was to describe behavioral disorders present in children attended at a Government Mental Health Service in a country town in São Paulo State according to parents and professional staff. 25 parents/carers and 3 psychologists participated in this study. The Achenbach System of Empirically Based Assessment (ASEBA) was used - Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL/6-18) e o Teacher s Report Form (TRF), as well as the information of clinical evolution of each children. From the 25 assessed children, 60% were boys and 56% of parents were biological mothers. 44% of the children were referred to the Mental Health Service by the school due to indiscipline/aggression (28%), post-traumatic stress (28%), and somatization (24%). In the total, parents/carers identified 88% of children with internalizing behavioral problems and 56% with externalizing problems. On the other hand, psychologists identified 56% of children with internalized behavioral problems and 24% with externalizing problems. There was a 0,36 (p<0,07) correlation between parents and psychologists results and = 8,909 (p<0,003) in the Friedman test, asserting that parents/carers do not agree in their assessments of children s behavioral problems. More research is needed to improve theoretical and practical contributions to children s mental health.

This work is a study of the trajectories of teachers in training courses, with a focus on capturing the echoes of interdisciplinarity in the making, to respond to the need to broaden the discussion related to teacher training in Brazil. Aims search the interdisciplinary course teachers in training courses, with a view to their implications in professional practice. In this proposal, the problem of study is characterized by understanding how to build and if effective interdisciplinary in do. To respond to the goal and assumptions, seeks to investigate some of the theories that have influenced the teacher training, the conceptions related to interdisciplinarity, the laws and decrees of the early history of brazilian education until the present day and its impact on the formulation of concepts about interdisciplinarity in basic education. Takes as an assumption that professionalization is an aspect of the disciplinary or interdisciplinary experiences that can interfere in the school context. The study was based on literature search and utilizing research procedures, such as questionnaires and wheel of conversation. Finally, it concludes that the interdisciplinarity in the school will complement or overcome disciplinary practice, awakens a vision of totality of knowledge and encourages teachers to perception of the complexity of the world in which they are inserted. Its function is not to eliminate or overcome the disciplines, but increase the education with the holistic view of knowledge, considering also the disciplinary culture.

This study aimed to investigate the relationships between the country's formal institutions, the relational capacity and the performance of strategic contractual alliances celebrated between the CROs and the pharmaceutical companies in Brazil to conduct clinical trials. The object of the study focuses on strategic contractual alliances between Contract Research Organizations (CROs) and companies in the pharmaceutical industry. This is an interdisciplinary study and, for this purpose, the study of multiple cases was used. Primary data on nine alliances were collected from semi-structured interviews with their main managers. The participating companies were chosen for convenience from the data registered on the clinicaltrials.gov website, at INTERFARMA, ABRACRO, and registered in the database of the research group on Management of the Dynamic Capacity of Organizations (GCD) of Universidade Presbiteriana Mackenzie (UPM ). Data analysis was performed using the thematic content analysis technique with categories defined a priori. From the intersection of categories and cases, tentative theoretical proposals, not definitive ones, were induced to be tested in future works. The results show that the relational capacity plays a mediating role in the relationship between formal institutions in the country and the performance of strategic contractual alliances for conducting clinical trials and that the formal institutions in the country influence the development and performance of the alliance. The influence of regulatory agencies and government agencies on the performance of alliances is also highlighted.

Fundo Mackenzie de Pesquisa

This work aims the understanding about the current position of the Brazilian judiciary in the political and institutional structure of the state, taking into consideration the analysis of power structures, social issues as well as political and economic disputes submitted to it. This analysis takes into account data collected by the National Council of Justice, about the disputes and interpretative reading of such data by the bias of politics and political leadership scenario assigned to the judiciary nowadays. It also seeks to identify the advances of formal judiciary constitutional structures and its historical functionality-dysfunctionality related to the capitalist peripheral development pattern, and the conditions to set democracy in the country. Under the concept that the judiciary is not only political power but also it exercises participation in the national political process, which has been made currently, the work seeks to place the legalpolitical relationship from the tension points to other branches of government, and also on current issues as the criminal trial of politicians and the role of the judiciary permeated by the media. Controversies are raised with the intention of serving the dialectical exercise of interpretation of reality, a reality better understood once observed without the simplistic lens of legal common sense. The controversies, data and analyzed literature, linked to a critical interpretation of reality, converge on the need for more complex en fully interpretative models about the functioning of the judiciary and the position of its courts and judges in the Brazilian sociability structure.

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

ca.mi.nhar [caminho] v.int 1. Percorrer caminho a pé. 2. Fig. Progredir, avançar. Ti. 3. Fig. Propender (2): Este caso caminha para o fim. Tc. 4. Dirigir (7). O ato de caminhar pela cidade sofreu mudanças notáveis ao longo da história; o contexto político, econômico, social e cultural, influenciou na maneira que ele era visto, em quem o praticava e nas suas intenções. Durante essas transformações, os caminhantes receberam nomenclaturas diferentes: no modernismo a figura que andava pela multidão sem ser percebida era o flâneur; no pós-modernismo, dadaístas, surrealistas e situacionistas serviram-se do devaneio e da deambulação como forma de arte; e no contemporâneo, a expressão de quem caminha é dada pelas errâncias urbanas. O caminhar também está atrelado ao conceito de tempo, que intervém no ritmo da vida das pessoas e influencia diretamente em como elas vivenciam a cidade; e juntos (caminhar e tempo) são causa e consequência, simultaneamente, das qualidades das interações com estranhos/desconhecidos nos espaços públicos. Esse ambiente urbano também influi e é influenciado pelo contexto da cidade, fazendo com que essas discussões estejam fortemente interligadas. Ao construir o percurso do caminhar, essa pesquisa propõe uma investigação de modo que essa ação possa ser usada como instrumento de estudo e aprendizagem da cidade; uma forma que possibilita a experiência por meio de fragmentos e invisibilidades. Para defender essa proposta, foram relatadas vivências de cidade como complementos dos panoramas traçados e produzidas cartografias como registro das experiências urbanas. Isto posto, foi pensado um caminhar como intervenção, ou seja, uma proposta na cidade real que seja uma alternativa a existente e que intensifique a experiência urbana.

The article 155, paragraph 2º, subsection X, letter "b", of the actual Federal Constitution of Brazil, forbids the state government from levying the State Value- Added Tax - ICMS on interstate operations with petroleum, including lubricants, liquid and gaseous fuels derived therefrom and electric energy. This constitutional provision establishes a tax immunity regime for such operations. Its wording is clear and does not except interstate operations, therefore should not have its applicability hindered. The doctrinal studies are absolute in this sense. However, the legislative branch recently proposed an amendment to the Constitution, Constitutional Amendment published in 2001, Complementary Legislation, ICMS Agreements and State Regulations, all rules that are not compatible with the immunity in question or with the Tax Constitutional System itself. Due to this constitutional uncertainty, the fundamental right to the immunity has not been fully applied, and its reach has been restricted by the Judiciary for years, initially by the Federal Supreme Court, in a opinion that did not declare it unconstitutional, but has been invoked as a non-binding precedent in numerous other judgments since then. Currently the issue is going to be subject to a general repercussion judgement and awaits a definitive opinion from the Federal Supreme Court. Therefore, the current research aim to achieve the full enjoyment of the right to tax immunity, without distinction between the purchasers of the goods or the destination given to them

An orchid bee inventory was carried out in Parque Estadual São Camilo, Palotina, Paraná (Brazil); conservation unit with about 400 hectares of Semidecidual Seasonal forest. Three bait traps were installed at the border of the fragment, each one containing the following fragrances: 1,8-cineole, eugenol, and vanilin. Sampling was carried out from 09am to 03pm, October 2011 to June 2012, summing up nine sampling days. A total of 186 specimens distributed among seven species were sampled. Eufriesea violacea with 140 specimens was the most common species, followed by Euglossa fimbriata (31), Euglossa annectans (9), Eulaema nigrita (4), Euglossa cordata (1), Euglossa pleosticta (1), and Exaerete smaragdina (1). According to qualitative and NMDS analysis, the orchid bee fauna of Parque Estadual São Camilo is representative of Semidecidual Seasonal forest, with richness comparable with other assemblages in the southern distribution of Euglossina. The sampled bee richness indicates that forest fragments, even small and isolated, are important in the conservation of this bees.

The Atlantic Forest of northeast Brazil hosts a unique biota which is among the most threatened in the Neotropics. Near-total conversion of forest habitat to sugar cane monocultures has left the region's endemic forest-dependent avifauna marooned in a few highly-fragmented and degraded forest remnants. Here we summarise the current status of 16 globally threatened species based on surveys conducted over the last 11 years. We found a bleak situation for most of these species and consider that three endemics: Glaucidium mooreorum (Pernambuco Pygmy-owl), Cichlocolaptes mazarbarnetti (Cryptic Treehunter) and Philydor novaesi (Alagoas Foliage-gleaner) are most likely globally extinct. Some positive news can, however, be reported for both Leptodon forbesi (White-collared Kite) and Synallaxis infuscata (Pinto's Spinetail) which may warrant re-evaluation of their respective red list statuses. We outline a road map to prioritise conservation interventions in the region directed at preventing the extinction of this suite of threatened bird species and their companion biota.

The genus Benthana includes 25 species with distribution in Brazil and Paraguay. In this paper we describe a new species from the state of Santa Catarina, southern Brazil, and provide new records for Benthana cairensis Sokolowicz, Araujo & Boelter, 2008, Benthana longicornis Verhoeff, 1941, Benthana moreirai Lemos de Castro, 1985, Benthana picta (Brandt, 1833), Benthana serrana Araujo & Lopes, 2003, and Benthana taeniata Araujo & Buckup, 1994.

We present new information on several species of centrolenid frogs from Ecuador and Peru that justify the placement of Centrolene fernandoi Duellman and Schulte as a junior synonym of Centrolenella audax Lynch and Duellman; Centrolenella puyoensis Flores & McDiarmid as a synonym of Centrolenella mariae Duellman & Toft; and Cochranella tangarana Duellman & Schulte as a synonym of Cochranella saxiscandens Duellman & Schulte.

The Geoffroy's cat Leopardus geoffroyi (d'Orbigny & Gervais, 1844) is a small cat found in the Southern Cone of South America and, depending on the author, four or five subspecies have been usually recognized (L. g. geoffroyi, L. g. paraguae, L. g. euxanthus, L. g. salinarum and L. g. leucobaptus), mainly based on external morphological characters, such as color pattern of the pelage. In order to clarify the taxonomy of L. geoffroyi, I analyzed approximately 200 specimens housed in museums. I have examined the external and craniodental morphology in quantitative and qualitative terms in the search for patterns of congruent characters that would indicate the existence of taxonomic units. Twenty craniodental measurements were taken and tested by univariate and multivariate (MANOVA, PCA and DFA) procedures. In this study I detected a great variation in the morphological characters, and thus it was not possible to determine whether any of these were geographically consistent and could be used to determine any taxonomic unit. Based on this, I do not recognize any subspecific division for L. geoffroyi. Along its geographic range, a gradual and subtle change from one color pattern to the next along the latitude was detected, but the morphological characters that were used to define the putative subspecies were also detected in a same population. Furthermore, the present study is congruent with the results obtained by previous molecular data, suggesting that L. geoffroyi has a high level of genetic diversity with no geographic structure. This indicates the existence of a large panmictic population with no significant barriers to gene flow and, as a consequence, no subspecies should be recognized.