Repositório RCAAP

A checklist of the Agrilus species from the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade São Paulo is proposed. Eighty-four species are identified, of which fifteen are new and hereby described: A. aegrotus sp. nov., A. anceps sp. nov., A. vanini sp. nov., A. casarii sp. nov., A. crux sp. nov., A. dubiosus sp. nov., A. femina sp. nov., A. fusicauda sp. nov., A. geminus sp. nov., A. giannii sp. nov., A. globulus sp. nov., A. ribeiroi sp. nov., A. timorosus sp. nov., A. martinsi sp. nov., A. yeti sp. nov. Agrilus comizon Obenberger, 1935 is proposed as subspecies of A. chrysostictus Klug, 1825 together with the new state of Agriloides agoretus (Obenberger, 1935) e and Autarcontes posticalis (Gory & Laporte, 1835), both described as Agrilus. Nine new synonymies are proposed: A. fasciatellus Thomson, 1878 (= A. fucatus Obenberger, 1935 syn. nov. = A. laelius Obenberger, 1935 syn. nov. = A. subfasciatellus Obenberger, 1936 syn. nov.); A. lucens Kerremans, 1897 (= A. auriceps Kerremans, 1889 syn. nov. = A. barrandei Obenberger, 1897 syn. nov.); A. violacellus Thomson, 1879 (= A. bathyllus Obenberger, 1933 syn. nov.); A. chrysostictus Klug, 1825 (= A. lucullus Obenberger, 1935 syn. nov. = A. korsakovi Obenberger, 1935 syn. nov.); A. piscis Gory, 1841 (= Agriloides bipunctatus Cobos, 1967 syn. nov.). The list also includes one species of Agriloides Kerremans, 1903 and one of Autarcontes Waterhouse, 1887.

After the description in the 19th century of two hummingbird species currently allocated to the genus Stephanoxis, Peters (1945) merged both taxa into a single species without providing any rationale. Here we re-evaluate the taxonomy and species limits of the representatives of this genus based on an extensive number of specimens. We demonstrate these taxa are better treated as full species under both the Biological and Phylogenetic Species Concepts due to their well-defined range and plumage patterns and reciprocally diagnosability. They have distinct, allopatric distributions segregated by a 160 km gap between the Serra do Mar, to the east, and Serra de Paranapiacaba, to the west, in the state of São Paulo. Stephanoxis species have ranges which are congruent with other montane bird species’ suggesting shared vicariance events during preterit interglacial periods.

In this study four species of shrews of the genus Cryptotis are reported for Ecuador, and a species described here as Cryptotis niausa sp. nov., new for the science, distributed to the highlands of northern Ecuador and distinct from Cryptotis montivagus, which inhabits the grassland and shrublands of southern Ecuador. The new species is characterized by its large size for the genus, long and brown-gray haired, with a yellowish hue contrasting, mainly in the throat. The analysis of this study demonstrate that Cryptotis equatoris osgoodi is distinct from Cryptotis equatoris equatoris, therefore consider these clades as distinct species. Cryptotis equatoris is medium size specie, medium blackish size specie, which is distributed in temperate and cold forested areas of the western foothills of the Andes; and Cryptotis osgoodi, is distributed mainly in the cloud forests of the eastern slopes of the Andes.

The present paper lists the type specimens of Hymenoptera, excluding Aculeata, deposited in the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo, Brazil. We record all labels contents and also additional information from MZSP registers, published material, and other available sources. High resolution photographs of holotypes, lectotypes and syntypes are available through links to Specimage - the image database of The Ohio State University, where they are archived. The collection comprises a total of 332 type-specimens (32 holotypes, 266 paratypes, 12 syntypes, 20 paralectotypes and two lectotypes) of eight superfamilies, 18 families, 31 subfamilies, 43 genera and 83 species.

Two new genera are described: Fissapoda for two species, F. barbicrus (Kirby, 1818) and F. manni (Fisher, 1930), transferred from Epimelitta Bates, 1870; and Epipoda for two new species, E. abeli from Bolivia, and E vanini. from Brazil. All the species are illustrated (including their genitalia), and host plant and host flower records provided.

The development of sex in sea turtles is determined by the temperature incubation of the eggs (TSD - Temperature dependent Sex Determination). For Eretmochelys imbricata species, very little is known about the sex ratio of spawning which occur in the southern coast of Pernambuco. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to analyze the relationship between sexual development and temperature incubation of nests of hawksbill turtles deposited in Merepe Beach County Ipojuca, Pernambuco. The temperature data were collected from nine nests during the months from January to June 2013, with the aid of registers type temperature data loggers (Onset Computer Model, UA‑001‑08). The average recorded for nests sampled depending on the incubation period and temperature were 54 days and 31.68°C. Based on these results, the nests showed a strong trend towards the development of females, with the sex ratio, estimated by histological analysis, 86.53% for females. So the beach Merepe has temperatures that provide greater differentiation of newborn females. However, more detailed studies should be carried out with the intention of verifying whether these results can be obtained for any ipojucano coast.

Pseudophygopoda Tavakilian & Peñaherrera-Leiva, 2007 is redescribed. Four new, closely related genera are described. Panamapoda gen. nov., with P. panamensis (Giesbert, 1996); Paraphygopoda gen nov., with Paraphygopoda nappae sp. nov., P. albitarsis (Klug, 1825), P. viridimicans (Fisher, 1952), and, provisionally, P. longipennis (Zajciw, 1963); Para melitta gen. nov., with Paramelitta wappesi sp. nov., and P. aglaia (Newman, 1840); and Phygomelitta gen. nov., with one species, P. triangularis (Fuchs, 1961). All the species are illustrated (including genitalia); and keys to the genera, and their species, are provided.

Capybara (Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris) is the world largest rodent and a typical mammal of the phytogeographical provinces of Pampa and Espinal, inhabiting the eastern sector of the same. These regions have been categorized by the World Wildlife Foundation (WWF) as "critical/ endangered threatened" and are assigned the highest priority level of conservation as a result of habitat destruction, overexploitation, pollution and introduction of exotic species. The capybara has a marked preference for environments with permanent water where the marsh vegetation provides food and shelter. Thus, both water bodies as associated vegetation is critical to the prevalence of populations of capybaras in a given environment. In Santa Fe province, records are not very abundant, registering until now about 33 points based on collected and observed specimens, most located in the center and north of the province. The aim of this contribution is to present new records of capybara in Carcarañá river basin (south of Santa Fe province), and its association with some climatic-environmental variables, and evaluate the distribution of this species. Finally, we discussed the possible expansion or migration of this species to the west of Santa Fe and Buenos Aires provinces.

Chapada do Araripe is a plateau located within the Caatinga biome in northeastern Brazil between the states of Ceará, Pernambuco and Piauí. Altimetry has great variation, giving a variety of vegetation and environmental dynamics distinct from other Caatinga areas. With the aim of increasing the meager information on biodiversity of the Caatinga, between 2010 and 2012 we conducted a survey of bats in five locations in the Chapada do Araripe, in counties of Barbalha and Jardim, Ceará, and Serrita in Pernambuco. Our survey recorded 25 species in six families resulting in the capture of 201 individuals. Sampling recorded three new records for Ceará State, Sturnira tildae, Pteronotus gymnonotus, Cynomops planirostris and Promops nasutus. A compilation of the literature revealed that in the Chapado do Araripe occur 49 bat species distributed in eight families, representing 64% of bat species in the Caatinga.

Os mustelídeos (Mustelidae) exibem uma grande diversidade morfológica e ecológica, variando desde formas aquáticas até formas semi-arborícolas e fossoriais. É a família mais diversa em Carnivora, e isso promoveu uma grande quantidade de arranjos taxonômicos para as subfamílias, que podem variar de duas até 15 dependendo do autor. Recentemente a inclusão de dados moleculares tem ajudado a elucidar a classificação dos mustelídeos e atualmente oito subfamílias são reconhecidas: Mustelinae, Galictinae, Helictidinae, Martinae, Melinae, Mellivorinae, Taxidiinae e Lutrinae. Porém, algumas dessas subfamílias apresentam problemas nomenclaturais, não recebendo o nome mais antigo disponível. A subfamília que inclui as martas (Martes, Charronia e Pekania), a irara (Eira) e o carcaju (Gulo) tem recebido o nome de Martinae Wagner, 1841, porém o nome mais antigo disponível é Guloninae Gray, 1825. Este problema também ocorre para a subfamília que inclui os furões-sul-americanos (Galictis), a doninha-da-patagônia (Lyncodon), a doninha-marmoreada (Vormela) e as doninhas-listradas (Ictonyx e Poecilogale), que são conhecidos por Grisoninae Pocock, 1921, mas o nome correto para este grupo é Ictonychinae, Pocock, 1921. A subfamília que inclui os texugos-furões (Melogale) mantém o nome Helictidinae Gray, 1865, pois sua validade não é afetada quando o gênero-tipo da subfamília torna-se sinônimo-júnior de outro gênero. Além disso, é fornecida uma lista das subfamílias de Mustelidae viventes contendo seus respectivos sinônimos e os gêneros incluídos.

Os morcegos (Chiroptera), devido à sua diversidade e abundância exercem um importante papel ecológico para o ecossistema. O objetivo deste trabalho foi reportar a dieta das espécies de morcegos frugívoros capturados nos fragmentos do Instituto São Vicente, zona urbana do município de Campo Grande, MS. As coletas ocorreram entre setembro de 2011 e Junho de 2012, sendo realizadas com o auxílio de redes-de-neblina. Foram realizadas 154 capturas, com ocorrência de 10 espécies representantes de três famílias, sendo predominantes as espécies frugívoras. Dentre as capturas foram obtidas 41 amostras fecais, onde se verificou a presença de polpa, vestígios de artrópodes e sementes. O recurso mais utilizado por quirópteros foram plantas pioneiras, constatado através do predomínio de sementes da espécie Cecropia pachystachya, consumida em maior intensidade por Artibeus lituratus. Os resultados ressaltam a importância destes animais no ambiente, em especial no processo de regeneração dessas áreas através da dispersão de sementes.

A pardela-de-asa-larga (Puffinus lherminieri Lesson 1839) é uma ave marinha tropical que ocorre entre o sul do Canadá e a costa sudeste do Brasil. Puffinus lherminieri é considerado Criticamente Ameaçado na lista vermelha do Brasil principalmente porque ocorre somente em duas localidades, ambas contendo pequenas populações. Porém, muitas ilhas ao longo da costa Brasileira são pouco conhecidas e a descoberta de novas colônias pode ser significativa para a conservação desta espécie. O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar a distribuição geográfica potencial da pardela-de-asa-larga no Brasil, baseada em modelagem de nicho ecológico (MNE) usando o algorítimo Maxent com camadas obtidas do banco de dados ambientais AquaMaps. A MNE foi baseada em 37 registros de áreas de reprodução nas Américas do Norte e Sul. O modelo mostrou uma ampla distribuição potencial, cobrindo a maior parte da costa Atlântica do Brasil e EUA. Quando filtrada para as ilhas ao longo da costa Brasileira o modelo indicou altos níveis de adequação ambiental próximo aos estados de São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Espírito Santo e Bahia. Porém, P. lherminieri prefere ilhas em ambientes com água quente e salina. Então, baseado na influência das correntes que atuam na costa Brasileira nós podemos inferir que colônias são mais prováveis de ocorrer em ilhas da costa da Bahia, Espírito Santo e extremo norte do Rio de Janeiro. Estas devem ser intensamente pesquisadas enquanto as ilhas ao sul de Cabo Frio devem ser descartadas. A existência de novas populações pode ter profundos efeitos no estado de conservação desta ave marinha enigmática e raramente vista.

A phylogeny based on male morphological characters and taxonomic revision of the Physodactylinae genera are presented. The phylogenetic analysis based on 66 male characters resulted in the polyphyly of Physodactylinae which comprises four independent lineages. Oligostethius and Idiotropia from Africa were found to be sister groups. Teslasena from Brazil was corroborated as belonging to Cardiophorinae clade. The South American genera Physodactylus and Dactylophysus were found to be sister groups and phylogenetically related to Heterocrepidius species. The Oriental Toxognathus resulted as sister group of that clade plus (Dicrepidius ramicornis (Lissomus sp, Physorhynus erythrocephalus)). Taxonomic revisions include diagnoses and redescriptions of genera and distributional records and illustrations of species. Key to species of Teslasena, Toxognathus, Dactylophysus and Physodactylus are also provided. Teslasena lucasi is synonymized with T. femoralis. A new species of Dactylophysus is described, D. hirtus sp. nov., and lectotypes are designated to non-conspecific D. mendax sensu Fleutiaux and Heterocrepidius mendax Candèze. Physodactylus niger is removed from synonymy under P. oberthuri; P. carreti is synonymized with P. niger; P. obesus and P. testaceus are synonymized with P. sulcatus. Nine new species are described in Physodactylus: P. asper sp. nov., P. brunneus sp. nov., P. chassaini sp. nov., P. flavifrons sp. nov., P. girardi sp. nov., P. gounellei sp. nov., P. latithorax sp. nov., P. patens sp. nov. and P. tuberculatus sp. nov.

An updated list of the types of 57 species of Fulcidacini (Chrysomelidae, Cryptocephalinae) deposited in the collection of the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de São Paulo (MZSP) is provided. The data on labels attached to 31 primary and 495 secondary type-specimens are presented. Some notes on the Werner Bokermann's biography, who designated 70% of the Fulcidacini types housed in the MZSP collection, are included.

Siderastrea is a small genus of scleractinian corals, composed by zooxanthellate massive colonial forms. Besides contributing to the consolidation of the reef structure, represent a group with significant resistance to environmental stress. Until the 70's, its taxonomy was a complicated task, limited by the difficulty in identifying morphotypes. More recently, interspecific boundaries were redefined for 'Atlantic Siderastrea Complex'. However, despite new perspectives, including the occurrence of S. radians and S. siderea for Brazil, morphological patterns are still poorly studied and inconspicuous for several coastal areas. In order to characterize levels of intraspecific and interspecific morphological variation in S. stellata and S. radians, morphometric analysis were carried out in colonies from Bahia State coast. Samples were taken in Todos-os-Santos Bay and North Coast. We applied the Canonical Discriminate Analysis upon six corallite characters to evaluate the different levels of variation. The tests revealed that diameter of corallites, columella depth and number of septa varied among populations. Number of septa was the most important character for the species differentiation. Siderastrea stellata, with three different morphological patterns, was more variable than S. radians.

We report the rediscovery of the holotype of Characidium sanctjohanni Dahl, previously considered as lost in the ICN collections. We present counts, measurements and photographs, also offering a comparison between the holotype and the original description.

O gênero Callicebus é um dos grupos mais diversificados entre os primatas neotropicais, com 31 espécies reconhecidas. Contudo, ainda existem grandes lacunas no conhecimento acerca da diversidade contida neste gênero. Tais lacunas vêm sendo paulatinamente preenchidas graças a uma intensificação recente dos esforços de amostragem. Diversas distribuições geográficas foram melhor delimitadas, e seis espécies novas foram descritas nos últimos 15 anos. O objetivo do presente estudo é descrever uma nova espécie de Callicebus pertencente ao grupo de espécies Callicebus moloch, recentemente descoberta em uma área previamente considerada como parte da distribuição geográfica de C. cinerascens. Foram realizadas quatro expedições. A coleta de dados foi realizada através de observações diretas, coletas de espécimes e entrevistas com moradores locais. Os espécimes foram depositados na coleção de mamíferos do Museu Paraense Emílio Goeldi. Para uma avaliação comparativa, foram examinados os exemplares das demais espécies do grupo Callicebus moloch, principalmente as formas geograficamente vizinhas, C. bernhardi e C. cinerascens. Foram examinados 10 caracteres cromáticos da pelagem. Além da massa corporal, foram verificadas as medidas externas convencionais e 26 medidas cranianas. A nova espécie difere de todas as outras espécies amazônicas do gênero Callicebus por uma combinação exclusiva de caracteres, sendo facilmente distinguida pela faixa grisalha clara contrastante na testa, costeletas e garganta ocre-escuras, partes superiores do tronco e flancos grisalho-escuras, e cauda uniformemente laranja. A distribuição geográfica da nova espécie é limitada pelos rios Roosevelt e Aripuanã, nos estados de Mato Grosso e Amazonas, Brasil. Aproximadamente 25% (1.246.382 ha) desta área constituem unidades de conservação, sendo cinco de uso sustentável (746.818 ha) e três de proteção integral (499.564 ha). Além disso, uma porção expressiva da área de distribuição da nova espécie está localizada dentro de terras indígenas (1.555.116 ha - 32%). Assim, 57% (2.801.498 ha) da área de ocorrência da nova espécie encontram-se dentro de áreas protegidas.

Currently, two allopatric species of acouchies, genus Myoprocta (Rodentia: Dasyproctidae) are recognized. Nevertheless, there is morphological variability in the regions where the species are distributed that suggests either sympatry of two (or more) distinct species or else breakdowns in the characters that have been used to diagnose the species. We reviewed specimens of Myoprocta from Colombia and found that both reddish and greenish forms are sympatric in the Amazon basin of the country, including areas adjoining Ecuador and Peru. These records apparently refute the hypothesis of allopatry for these species in South America. However, the results of a principal components analysis showed little or no morphological separation between these two forms. In addition, a review of skulls throughout the geographic range of M. pratti shows high morphological variation. Although sympatry of reddish and greenish acouchies has been suggested for the Amazon region of Ecuador, our review found no evidence of this. In view of our findings, further revisionary work is needed to clarify the status of these forms.

We describe a new species, a medium size terrestrial frog (LRC 21.7-24.9 mm in females, and 15.2-17.8 mm in males); belong to the Pristimantis genus, from the sandstone plateau of the Cordillera del Condor at southeastern Ecuador, at 2300 m high. The new species differs from its congeners in Ecuador for its distinctive coloration pattern, ochraceous brown dorsal surface with numerous yellow spots, tympanic membrane, short fingers of the front and rear legs, and exclusive microhabitats in terrestrial bromeliads. They release modulated frequency and long calls, compoused of 6-8 notes and 1 harmonic. The description of Pristimantis paquishae sp. nov., is the result of a summary herpetofauna information in one of the remote and less known sandstone plateaus in the Cordillera del Condor.

Se presenta información sobre la variación morfológica de la rana Phyllomedusa ecuatoriana, con la descripción del renacuajo, vocalizaciones, anotaciones sobre la historia natural y distribución, basada en material recientemente recolectado en la Cordillera del Cóndor, Provincia de Zamora Chinchipe, Ecuador. Phyllomedusa ecuatoriana es de tamaño mediano (LRC en machos desde 46.1 hasta 55.4 y en la hembra 72.2 mm). El renacuajo (estadio 26 Gosner) presenta la fórmula dentaria 2 (2)/3(1), la fila de dientes P3 es menor que P1 y P2; los renacuajos se desarrollan en pozas de diferente tamaño, con aguas oscuras similares a un "te" debido a la presencia de taninos. Las vocalizaciones son de frecuencia modulada, con frecuencia dominante promedio de 1.53 kHz; las llamadas se componen de una nota y de 2-3 pulsos. La dieta de las ranas adultas se basa principalmente en arañas (20%) de la familia Argiopidae.