Repositório RCAAP

A mandioca é um dos alimentos ricos em amido mais consumido no mundo, ficando atrás apenas do arroz e do milho. O Brasil ocupa a quarta posição entre os maiores produtores do tubérculo, onde, se destaca tanto nutricionalmente quanto culturalmente. Diante disso, este trabalho objetiva analisar se a modernização da cadeia produtiva da mandioca no Brasil tem acontecido em consonância com as inovações tecnológicas. Foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura a partir da busca de artigos científicos, publicados entre os anos de 1990 e 2020, nas bases de dados da Scielo, Scopus e Web of Science. Após um processo de triagem, foram selecionados 13 estudos que objetivaram responder a seguinte pergunta questão: Nos últimos anos, no Brasil, a cadeia da mandioca tem acompanhando as tendências de inovação tecnológica? Verificou-se que a mandioca tem diversas aplicações na indústria de alimentos, entretanto a forma é ineficiente, visto que grande parcela da produção é advinda da agricultura familiar, que geralmente utiliza técnicas rudimentares e plantas com pouca resistência a pragas e doenças, além da baixa produtividade. Por fim, conclui-se que há espaço para aumento da produtividade, melhoria na conservação dos tubérculos, diminuição dos impactos ambientais e desenvolvimento de novos produtos, porém é necessário amenizar gargalos como a falta de investimentos financeiros e de assistência técnica, componentes essenciais para modernização da cadeia produtiva da mandioca no Brasil.   ABSTRACT: Cassava is one of the most consumed starchy foods in the world, second only to rice and corn. Brazil ranks fourth among the largest tuber producers, where it stands out both nutritionally and culturally. Therefore, this paper aims to analyze whether the modernization of the cassava production chain (Manihot esculenta Crantz) in Brazil has taken place in line with technological innovations. A systematic literature review was carried out based on the search for scientific articles, published between 1990 and 2020, in the databases of Scielo, Scopus and Web of Science. After a screening process, 13 studies were selected that aimed to answer the following question: In recent years, in Brazil, has the cassava chain been following trends in technological innovation? It was found that cassava has several applications in the food industry, however the form is inefficient, since a large portion of the production comes from family farming, which generally uses rudimentary techniques and plants with little resistance to pests and diseases, in addition to low productivity. Finally, it is concluded that there is room for increasing productivity, improving the conservation of tubers, reducing environmental impacts and developing new products, but it is necessary to alleviate bottlenecks such as the lack of financial investments and technical assistance, essential components for modernization of the cassava production chain in Brazil.

It is common to observe disposal without any reuse of dry or organic waste. Food waste represents a relevant portion of the produced waste, as is the case of citrus fruits. Despite the consumption of the fruit itself or the juice, the peel is wasted, causing the loss of potential products present in it, such as essential oils, used in the food, cosmetic and pharmaceutical sectors due to their varied properties. Another household waste is vegetable oil, which is important for human consumption, but due to incorrect disposal, it has serious environmental impacts. This work was conducted during Pharmacognosy subject in Pharmacy course aimed to promote practical activities in laboratory and awaken ideas of sustainability in the students. In this context, the extraction of essential oil was performed from reused orange peel and rosemary leaves, for the manufacture of therapeutic soaps from the reuse of vegetable oil. As a result, a sustainable soap was obtained with medicinal characteristics. This practice has become quite effective, demonstrating its possible applicability to places that produce these types of waste.

Anthropology has stood out when studying man and his relationship with the environment, to the point of thinking about a construction of an ecological culture coherent with the needs of contemporaneity and with the development of a truly sustainable society. The objective of this research is to relate the structuralist cultural anthropology of Lévi-Strauss and the sustainability of the Riacho Reginaldo Hydrographic Basin, in the municipality of Maceió, Alagoas. The methodology corresponds to a literature review and identification of space, time, model of modern society through Lévi-Strauss' structuralist theory, in addition to the social, environmental and cultural characteristics of this watershed. The results show the relationship between structuralist theory and sustainable social awareness. Lévi-Strauss affirms that for the future of contemporary societies, preserving or restoring the psychological, social and moral factors inherent in the production systems of cold societies and with that, the propagation of sustainable development, uniting primitive ideas with Western thoughts. In the Riacho Reginaldo watershed, it is important to raise awareness of the local population and efficient public policies aimed at sustainability, in addition to depollution projects in order to reduce odor and the large amount of solid waste generated.

The electronic cigarette (EC) was introduced in the market as a less harmful alternative to conventional cigarettes (CC) and as a therapeutic option to combat smoking, and soon gained the market, attracting mainly the young and adolescent public. Despite this, several studies have suggested that the chronic and acute use of ECs is directly linked to the emergence of various respiratory, gastrointestinal and oral diseases, among others, in addition to causing dependence and encouraging the use of CC. The objective of this research was to carry out a survey about the damage to health caused using EC. A bibliographic survey was carried out in scientific databases indexed in the Scielo, Google scholar and Portal Capes from 2016, using the descriptors " electronic cigarette", "pathology" and "disease" in English and Portuguese. Therefore, it was possible to notice that the literature indicates that the use of these electronic devices can cause lung injuries, acute poisoning, compromise oral health, alter gastrointestinal homeostasis and generate dependence. On the other hand, knowledge about these harms is still not widespread among its users. Therefore, the importance of researching and elucidating all the physiological mechanisms altered by the use of electronic vaporizers is evident, as well as disseminating this information about this new habit to the population.

Arsenic is a major concern for the environment, as its rate of soil contamination is intense, whether in natural processes or by human activities (use of insecticides, herbicides and fertilizers). Bioremediation is a sustainable technique that can be considered safe, less costly and aggressive to the environment and uses microorganisms as a tool for the remediation of soils contaminated by arsenic, in order to reduce or eliminate the degradation of these soils. Given the need for the scientific community to improve its techniques and several companies, especially those related to consulting and environmental remediation, arouse interest in the implementation of bioremediation, as an option for the rehabilitation of contaminated areas. The objective is to elaborate a wide literature review and identify the main characteristics of arsenic soil contamination, using bioremediation. An integrative literature review was applied using the terms Arsenic, Bioremediation and Soil in Portuguese, English and Spanish. We searched the databases Scielo, Pubmed, Academic Google and BDTD using a 10 years time-frame. The review showed that soil contamination with arsenic directly affects the quality of agricultural products, productivity, ecosystem sustainability and biodiversity. It is concluded that the available bioremediation techniques often need to be used together, in order to face the mixture of different toxic components in the same area

This article approach some aspects related to the contribuition of the IRAMUTEQ software subsidizing the researcher in the construction of a colaborative text for the final syntesis of interviews carried out through the Hermeneutic-Dialectical Circle (CHD), element of the Interactive Methodology (MI). This methodology proposes the elaboration of an interactive syntesis (SI) built fro the sucessive review of the partial syntesis evaluated by researcher through contribuitions from the interviewed subjects, characterizing the CHD. The research subjects, graduates of a teacher’s formation in Biology, got together and built the syntesis, in the forma of a set of metatexts with themes and topics obtained in the analysis cycle. The presentation of the themes and words most evoked by a categorization illstrated by the textual analysis which the software together with the researcher’s pre-analysis understood us to the consolidation of a network of casual nexus between the subjects and the meanings of their perceptions in the elaboration of the interactive syntesis.

The recent crisis triggered by Covid-19 has affected all sectors of the economy, generating unemployment and, consequently, the loss of income for workers across the planet. Many of them, faced with this unfavorable context, end up harboring feelings of nonconformity, revolt and non-acceptance of the new situation. Some cannot get over the traumatic moment. However, others will see opportunities and will stand out with more “power”. The theory of empowerment is based, among other things, on the awareness of the individual's exclusion in order to reverse the process that segregates him socially, politically and psychologically. Thus, this article aims to present the first of the five empowerment categories presented by Kieffer (1984) and point out how it is identified in the dynamics of two groups present in the Opinion Poll on the impacts of the coronavirus pandemic on Brazilian society, promoted by the Federal Administration Council, in 2020. Through a documentary research, it was possible to verify that entrepreneurs and employees of the private sector were experiencing similar concerns in the first months of the pandemic and that the resulting context of such a moment may represent opportunities to overcome.

The study aimed to analyze the impacts of university extension carried out with family farming, in the training of professionals linked to agrarian sciences. A project developed by the Polytechnic College of the Federal University of Santa Maria, which approaches students together, from contexts involving family farming in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul, was used as a case. The method used for data collection was the focus group involving three students participating in the project, two from courses related to agricultural sciences and one linked to the administration course. In their testimonies, the students indicated the development of technical skills, of communication and knowledge mobilization, aimed at solving problems faced by family farming, awakening, behaviors such as cooperation, empathy, solidarity and justice. It was concluded that the dialogue between students and family farmers, mediated by university extension, has contributed to the formation of qualified professionals for the world of work and sensitive to the social and economic contexts that involve family farming in the region. At the same time, the project has contributed to the reconfiguration of organizational and productive processes in family farming, aimed at sustainable production, food security, as well as stimulating solidarity trade.

O processo de expansão urbana desordenado e sem planejamento tem provocado diversos problemas de cunho ambiental, social e econômico, dentre eles tem-se a ocupação indevida em encostas urbanas. É neste contexto que o referido artigo objetivou estudar as características habitacionais, ambientais e de qualidade de vida na encosta urbana ocupada pela comunidade do Alto do Cento e Vinte, em Viçosa – Alagoas. A metodologia é pautada em levantamento e leitura bibliográfica e documental, trabalho de campo, composição de acervo iconográfico e a utilização de softwares para elaboração da proposta de Habitação e Interesse Social. A comunidade em questão é histórica e a encosta urbana ocupada pela mesma carece de uma atenção do poder público no que se refere ao risco ambiental e a qualidade de vida, esta, expressada pelas moradias e as condições socioeconômicas. Muitas moradias já foram condenadas pela Defesa Civil e isto já é um indício de ponto de atenção. A relevância deste trabalho perpassa não apenas por uma discussão crítica a respeito de uma temática muito estudada por diversos pesquisadores, mas sobretudo, pelo fato de trazer uma proposta de HIS levando em consideração o Plano Diretor do município. Consiste em um trabalho colaborativo e interdisciplinar com o intuito de contribuir na tomada de decisão do poder público.  

This paper aims to analyze the dynamics of alagoas public debt in the period 1997-2020, considering the effort to comply with contractual clauses in the face of low fiscal collection capacity and clearly fragile social and economic structures. The starting point is the federative pact signed in the 1990s, under the protection of Law No. 9,496/97 and, later, complementary laws 148/2014 and 156/2016. The research is based on data provided by the State Department of Finance of Alagoas (SEFAZ), database of the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics (IBGE) and specific bibliographic research. The objective is, in the light of a critical analysis, to unveil the public indebtedness of Alagoas, submerged in long-term contracts, updated by inflationary indices, interest rates and exchange rate variations, throughout the analyzed period.

In recent decades, studies referring to the activities of secondary compounds from plants have intensified, presenting great importance for the pharmaceutical, biotechnological and agricultural industries. Therefore, the objective of this work was to identify the secondary metabolites present in the hydroethanolic leaf extract of Libidibia ferrea (Mart. ex Tul.) L.P. Queiroz. To prepare the extract, the collected leaves were crushed and the constituents were extracted from 100g of dry weight of plant material, using ethanol and autoclaved distilled water as an extracting medium. The identification of secondary metabolites was based on precipitation and coloration of the extract diluted in solution and specific reagents for each phytochemical test. The results obtained revealed the presence of phenols, pyrogal tanites, flavononols, catechins, flavanones, steroids and saponins, with no positive reaction for phlobaphenic tannins, anthocyanin, anthocyanidin, flavones, flavonols, xanthones, chalcones, aurones, tricoanthocyanidins and thiocyanidins. It is concluded that the hydroethanolic leaf extract of the species evaluated presents chemical compounds with important biological activities, noting the need for advanced studies to confirm the biotechnological potential of this extract.

It is a fact that universal access to quality water is essential for the health andpreservation of the environment and the consequent sustainability of a society. According toFiocruz (FIOCRUZ, 2020) one in four health care centers in the world lacks basic water services,affecting 2 million people, and more than five million people die each year in the world due towater-borne diseases, according to the WHO UNICEF report. The world follows the increase indeforestation for decades where Cruz (2014) clearly highlights that the goal of improving climateconditions and housing with basic sanitation depends on priorities listed by each country. ThePiauí de Arapiraca river basin suffers intense environmental degradation, receiving in its pathwastewater from homes, industries, health centers and agricultural activities, which flow into thedam of Vila Bananeira, site and object of ongoing research. There are several ways to assess waterquality in water bodies, among them physicochemical analyzes stand out as quality parameters.The National Health Foundation physical-chemical analysis guide was used, whose parameterswere Total Alkalinity, Chlorides, Turbidity, pH, Total Hardness and Conductivity, of water fromthe dam of Vila Bananeira, collected in two months with different rainfall levels. All parameterswere in normal conditions according to the Ministry of Health Ordinance No. 2.914/2011according to national and international standards.

The objective of the qualitative study is to describe the institutional relationship and themultidimensionality between State and Community in the semiarid region of Alagoas, based on teaching,research and extension. The sensitizing theoretical approach dealt with the themes: institutionalrelationship, to bring - horizontally - the State (three public education organizations) and the Community(family farmers); multidimensionality, by the composition of more than one area of knowledge -Administration, Accounting, Meteorology and Geography; and the teaching, research and extensiontripod, because it involves teachers and students in the action, based on a scientific method, which for the study was the participatory Action-Research (PA). This method assumes that there must be a real social demand - that of family farmers - and that, based on this, scientific knowledge - based on merit - helps to carry out the action, that is, to solve local problems. Data collection, primarily primary, took placethrough informal conversations, intensive interviews and a questionnaire. As considerations, from the PAphases, it was possible to develop actions - built in consensus between teachers, students and farmers -considering the demand of farmers, guided by the notion of coexistence with the semiarid and theexchange of knowledge.

Este texto apresenta as análises realizadas em uma pesquisa com crianças e tem como objetivo examinar, por meio das narrativas das crianças, como a atual conjuntura social tem afetado suas subjetividades, seus territórios e os modos de viver suas infâncias em tempo de pandemia. Situa-se em duas comunidades quilombolas de um dos sertões alagoano. Como problema (s) de pesquisa, buscou-se compreender como as crianças quilombolas estão atravessando e sendo atravessadas pelos discursos e práticas construídas na pandemia? Como a escola, enquanto um espaço de interação entre as crianças, de trocas e construção de cultura e experiências, tornou-se um lugar distante e não habitado por elas? Desse modo, o texto envereda pelo viés dos estudos decoloniais,  contrapondo a lógica adultocêntrica, eurocêntrica e colonizadora sobre as crianças de um modo geral e, especificamente, sobre as crianças quilombolas. Para tal caminho investigativo, utilizamos a pesquisa qualitativa com foco no estudo de caso. Foram realizadas conversações entre as crianças e as pesquisadoras, bem como produções de desenhos criados pelas crianças que ilustram as suas impressões sobre suas cotidianidades, as relações que estabelecem com outras crianças nos espaços de interação como a escola, a rua e a praça antes e durante a pandemia. O referencial teórico parte de Abramowicz; Rodrigues (2014); Quijano (2014); Gallo (2018); Mbembe (2018), entre outros autores. Inferimos que há, entre as falas das crianças, similitudes sobre a saudade que sentem de brincar, de correr na rua, do recreio e dos/as amigos/as que encontravam no espaço escolar e em outros espaços nos quais elas transitavam antes da pandemia.

ABSTRACT: Sexually transmitted infections cause major negative changes in women's lives, especially the "human papilloma virus", or "Human Papilloma Virus" (HPV), responsible for about 500 thousand cases of cervical cancer annually worldwide. It is up to primary care teams to promote prevention, the research objective is defined as forms of interventions, characterized in the literature in the years 2014 to 2020, that address HPV prevention in women assisted in Primary Health Care. For the guide of this research, the following guiding question was required: “which processes of implementation in primary care for HPV prevention in women?”. The method used to review the literature in five databases and virtual libraries: LILACS, BDENF, SCIELO, BDTD and CAPES, using the Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS): Primary Care, Prevention and HPV, along with the Boolean “E” in order to obtain the last six years. The result of this study did not write as answers to the objective and guiding question that addressed the measures exercised by nurses. Thus, the research concluded that primary care interventions are important for the prevention of HPV and cervical cancer, as it promotes visibility to the importance of the multidisciplinary and interdisciplinary health team by emphasizing techniques and methods explored by these professionals, especially the nurse. KEYWORDS: Primary Care, Prevention, HPV.

Adolescence is the stage of life that requires a differentiated attention, because it is in this phase that physiological transformations, personality formation, adaptations and the beginning of adult life take place. The objective of this survey was to know through the current literature what the challenges of the nurse in the prenatal care of pregnant adolescentes are. It is an integrative bibliographic review, made in the LILACS (Scientific and Technical Literature of Latin America and the Caribbean); SciELO (Scientific Electronic Library Online); and Virtual Health Library (VHL); including works in Portuguese, available in the research bases from 2014 to 2020 and the sample totaled 11 articles. It was observed that adolescents, because they are not prepared for motherhood, have difficulties in accepting pregnancy, absence of Family support also interferes in the assistance offered by the nurse, they are more inclined to start late prenatal care and their capture is more difficult for health professionals. Prenatal care has been improved over the years, but there are still several factors that make care more difficult. The role of the nurse is Paramount in prenatal care, since he is the professional who best establishes the bond with pregnant women. Thus we conclude that they must be prepared for situations that demand greater performance from them, especially from this public that rarely attends UBS.

almost all forms of innovation are developed on the central countries of capitalism system. However, a new approach to developed and analysing innovation processes is suited to emerging markets and peripheral regions, named frugal innovation. This paper aims to analyse frugal innovation noted characteristics in the approved Centelha AL Program projects. The methodological design was based on content analysis, to able making replicable and valid inferences on interpret and coding of textual material converted into quantitative data, using the IRAMUTEQ software. The results presented are preliminary and are within the scope of a larger research with other expected consequences in qualified scientific production. The paper findings that of the 28 approved projects, about 25% have thematic of social technology, probably showing some kind of entrepreneurs concern about social impact of yours solutions, even in situations like this where the entrepreneurs don´t know about of frugal innovation concepts and uses, others initials evidences was that identified some kind of concerns about the costs adequacy and the social impact of their projects, two central characteristics of frugal innovation.

The anthropic actions expressed by conventional-modern agriculture greatly alter the environment, interfering with the balance of natural processes and making its recovery mechanisms precarious. Thus, the interest in the use of microorganisms in agricultural practices has increased significantly in recent years, both in promoting plant growth and in the biological control of plant pests and diseases. The objective of the present work was to identify the insect pest population in the cucumber crop after foliar application of effective microorganisms (EM). The experiment was carried out in a rural family farm located in the city of São Sebastião-AL. Yellow (4) and blue (4) adhesive plates were used in a usable area of ​​128.8 m2. EM was diluted at a concentration of 4.7% and the applied dose was 50 mL/plant. Six collections were carried out, from December 2020 to February 2021. The individuals sampled were screened and identified at the level of class, order, family and when identified as a pest, at the level of gender. A total of 1301 invertebrate individuals of the Insecta and Arachnida classes were collected. Of these, 55.11% were identified as pest insects and 44.8% as visiting arthropods. The taxon that presented the highest relative frequency was the order Diptera (30.6%) followed by the orders Hemiptera (25.4%), Hymenoptera (24%), Coleoptera (13%), Lepidoptera (5.7%), Araneae (0.8%) and Odonata (0.5%). The pests were representatives of the genera Diabrotica spp, Anastrepha spp, Myzus spp, Bemisia spp, Atta spp and Diaphania spp. 24.7% of the visiting arthropods were predators. The arthropod population increase occurred from the 40th day after planting, with growth peak at the 57th day.

The use of Bacillus subtilis as an inoculant can promote plant growth through several mechanisms. Thus, the objective of this work was to evaluate the efficiency of Bacillus subtilis as a soybean plant growth promoter inoculant. Seven isolates of B. subtilis (Bs01; Bs02; Bs03; Bs04; Bs05; Bs06 and Bs10) were evaluated for their ability to solubilize phosphate and synthesis of indole acetic acid, in vitro, and in the production of biomass of soybean plants in vegetation House. All isolates were able to solubilize phosphate and produce indole acetic acid (IAA). For the evaluated characteristic of shoot and root biomass, the treatment with inoculation of the Bs10 strain was superior (p<0.05) to the others, in the first evaluation at 30 days after sowing (DAS) and at 52 DAS the treatments with the inoculations with strains Bs05, Bs06 and Bs10 were significantly higher (p<0.05). The B. subtilis strains showed efficiency in the variables analyzed in relation to the control without inoculation. The efficiency of the use of B. subtilis in plant growth is related to the biological characteristics of this microorganism, which expresses facilities for maintaining its viability in bioformulates and, therefore, its potential to promote plant growth.

A qualidade sanitária de sementes de alface (Lactuca sativa L.) é um atributo fundamental para garantir o estabelecimento da cultura e na redução dos custos da lavoura. Por isso, o objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a qualidade sanitária e o efeito do tratamento térmico e biológico no controle de fungos fitopatogênicos associados a sementes de alface cultivar ‘Simpson’. A avaliação sanitária foi realizada por meio do método Blotter Test. Durante o térmico, as sementes foram submetidas a diferentes combinações de temperatura (45, 48 e 50º C) e tempo (25 e 30 min.) em banho-maria. Já, na realização do tratamento biológico, as sementes foram microbiolizadas com isolados de Bacillus methylotrophicus (MGSS B271, MGSS B272 e MGSS B273), B. amyloliquefaciens (MGSS B274) e B. thuringiensis (MGSS B275). Após os tratamentos, foi avaliada a incidência, o percentual de controle dos patógenos e a porcentagem de germinação das sementes. No teste de sanidade das sementes de alface, Aspergillus fumigatus foi a espécie com maior incidência. O tratamento térmico a 48º C/ 25 min e 51 ºC/ 30 min, e o biológico com os isolados MGSS B271, MGSS B273 e MGSS B275 foram os mais eficientes no controle de fungos fitopatogênicos associados às sementes de alface.