Repositório RCAAP

ABSTRACT Purpose: To investigate the mediating role of flow at work on the relations of job crafting (task crafting, cognitive crafting and relational crafting) with positive mental health dimensions (emotional well-being, psychological well-being and social well-being). Originality/value: Job crafting actions have been identified as antecedents of the levels of well-being at work. The present study contributed to the literature examining the relationships between job crafting, flow at work, and positive mental health, which have not yet been investigated in previous empirical studies. Design/methodology/approach: The quantitative approach was used through an online questionnaire composed of a sociodemographic questionnaire and three scales. The sample consisted of 386 professionals from different Brazilian states, of which 58% were female, with a mean age of 44 years (SD = 12 years). The data were analyzed through structural equations. Findings: The results of the analysis of structural equations showed that relational crafting had a direct impact on positive mental health. The relations of cognitive crafting with positive mental health were totally mediated by flow at work. We concluded that job crafting, primarily cognitive crafting, influence occupational and general well-being.

ABSTRACT Purpose: To test models of mediation and moderation of the organizational culture, competing values and styles of organizational operation having quality of organizational life (QOL) as antecedent and personal organizational well-being (POW) as consequent. Originality/value: Literature has presented tests of mediation/moderation models to understand well-being of employees and support leadership in the implementation of strategies that fit into the organizational realities. Organizational culture has been used as a component variable of some of those models. However, no publication investigating culture as mediator/moderator of the quality of life/well-being relation was found. Design/methodology/approach: Quantitative, transversal survey employing scales that present evidences of psychometric validity applied to 1,292 employees (81%) of the population in a public organization. Two mediation models and two moderation models were tested through multiple regression. Findings: The results of the linear and hierarchic regression analyses used to test the proposed models showed that, except for the bureaucratic culture, all types of culture had significant power of mediation between the variables of QOL and POW. No moderation relation was found. The empirical evidences of the models tests point out the need for considering cultural traits of organizations in the design of strategies of intervention related to QOL and POW, since some may be more applicable to given cultures and less applicable to others.

ABSTRACT Purpose: Test job fulfillment as a mediator of the relationship between work design and presenteeism in teachers. Originality/value: Presenteeism is one of the reasons for teachers to underperform in the classroom. Many models explain organizational results, among which the Job Characteristics Model. That model, however, has not yet been tested with presenteeism, and, as it proposes, it will be predicted by work design mediated by positive work-related attitudes (i.e., eudaimonic well-being). Design/methodology/approach: A total of 2,282 public school teachers participated in the study, of which 71.1% were women. They completed the scale of job fulfillment, the Stanford Presenteeism Scale, and the full work design taxonomy in the Brazilian version. Direct and mediated relationships were tested, and the Job Characteristics Model was partially confirmed. Findings: For not completing work, mediation is confirmed only to the task identity subcategory of work design. Here, direct relationships with scheduling autonomy and social support were observed. For avoiding distraction, mediation occurred only for social support, and comfort at work. The subcategories decision-making autonomy, physical demands, and job complexity are directly related. We discuss the mediating role of critical psychological states and other positive triggers that could mediate the relationship between work design and organizational outcomes, such as emotions.

ABSTRACT Purpose: Propose a research model that involves the conceptual relationships between the theoretical support of the absorptive capacity and analytics, emphasizing the way in which the tool contributes to the formation of absorptive capacity within the companies. Originality/value: It was possible to delineate a model with the theoretical associations between absorptive capacity and analytics from the voices of experts and decision makers of Portuguese companies, contributing as a tool to guide strategies that help companies for a better understanding of how the absorption of knowledge occurs in analytics implementations to better target efforts at incremental value generation. Design/methodology/approach: A qualitative study was carried out with the adoption of Grounded Theory as a research strategy. In this way, techniques and procedures of the method were followed that allowed the constant collection and analysis of the data, supported with the use of Atlas.ti software. Findings: The main theoretical contribution is the proposition of a conceptual model that considers emerging categories, subcategories, properties, and dimensions, that qualify the conceptual alignment between absorptive capacity and analytics and explain the existence of the construct over implementation. As entrepreneurial contributions, the configuration of knowledge absorption according to two analytic use patterns is emphasized: as oriented towards solving specific problems and as a guideline of institutional planning.

ABSTRACT Purpose: To provide evidence of the validity of a Brazilian Portuguese version of the Error Management Culture Scale. Originality/value: Errors are pervasive and cannot be entirely prevented, so it is essential to manage them so as to avoid the worst negative consequences. Error management culture is a set of organizational practices related to communicating about errors, sharing error knowledge, helping in error situations and detecting and handling errors quickly. There was no Brazilian questionnaire for measuring this concept, despite the importance of understanding how we learn from mistakes. Design/methodology/approach: The Brazilian Error Management Culture Scale was obtained by translation and back-translation procedures. An online and pencil and paper survey were conducted. A sample of 233 employees responded to the 17 items of the scale using five-point scales. Data on demographic and professional variables were also collected. Findings: Exploratory factor analysis and parallel analysis indicated a one-factor structure, but it can also be represented in terms of four facets of error management. The factor loadings ranged from 0.35 to 0.82 and Cronbach’s reliability coefficient was 0.94, which is consistent with the original study and with other studies using the scale. The results suggested the Brazilian scale will be useful in research and diagnosis. Future studies are needed to confirm these findings in different samples and its predictive validity should be tested to extend the evidence.

ABSTRACT Purpose: To investigate the relationship between religious beliefs and the constructs of the Theory of Planned Behavior in entrepreneurial intention. Originality/value: The article stands out by promoting the understanding of entrepreneurship from the Theory of Planned Behavior proposed by Ajzen (1991), aligning it with religious beliefs. Design/methodology/approach: It is an exploratory and descriptive study, of a quantitative nature. The survey method was used to collect the data, in which a sample of 448 students from the Business Administration courses at two public universities in the northeast of Brazil was obtained. Structural Equation Modeling was used to treat and analyze the data. Findings: The results demonstrated that personal attitude, perceived control, and religious beliefs influence the entrepreneurial intention of university students, which did not occur with subjective norms. However, subjective norms influenced the personal attitude and perceived control of university students. The university students presented a predisposition to entrepreneurship and recognized that they have the necessary skills to create a business. However, the choice to become an entre preneur may not be motivated directly by the expectation of its social referents. Moreover, university students did not perceive the influence of religious beliefs in the manifestation of their behavior, because vocation and prosocial motivation are far from the environmental context in which university students are inserted or because they are not practicing a religion that fosters such beliefs.

ABSTRACT Purpose: This study aimed to analyze the inclusion of corporate governance in the explanation of Fama and French’s (1993, 2015) three and five-factor asset pricing models. Originality/value: This research differs from other works by inserting corporate governance as an explanatory factor in the pricing model of financial assets. Thus, it is intended to contribute to the research area by trying to identify previously unexplored characteristics, as the proposed method, that helps and adds explanation to the pricing models of financial assets, thus helping investors and professionals in the financial area. Design/methodology/approach: The research sample consists of 387 companies listed in B3, in the period between 2012 and 2016. For data analysis, panel data regressions were used according to the methodology of Fama and French studies (1993, 2015) through the Stata software. Findings: The results indicate that corporate governance has a negative impact on the return of the actions of small companies with lower levels of corporate governance and that the reverse is true for large companies with high levels of governance. Other variables were also found to be impacting on stock returns, such as market value, book-to-market, profitability, and investments.

ABSTRACT Purpose: Analyze if the commonality in liquidity is priced and its relation with the stock return in the Brazilian stock market. Originality/value: Due to the shortage of papers about the effects of commonality in liquidity in the Brazilian financial literature, this paper provides knowledge development about commonality in liquidity effect for the investor, investigating whether an investment strategy in the most sensitive assets to systematic variations of liquidity is attractive for investors, consistent with the risk-return trade off. Design/methodology/approach: In order to identify the effect of commonality to investors, we opted to use portfolios. Using companies listed on B3 as a sample, we estimated regressions developed in the time series from January 2007 to December 2015. Findings: We found that the commonality is a phenomenon present in the Brazilian stock market and their highest values were concentrated in periods of international financial crises. In addition, using portfolios, we observed a premium of 4.165% per month for the commonality in liquidity, although not statistically significant. Finally, we found that the commonality in liquidity is a priced risk factor and when we exposed it to other risk factors we found that the liquidity risk factor was able to partly capture it.

ABSTRACT Purpose: This research aims to analyse price movements in the oil market stimulated by extreme events such as oil platform explosions, geopolitical events, and financial crises and to understand the reaction and the persistence of these effects on the commodity’s price. Originality/value: The prominent position of oil raises the concerns of investors, producers, and policymakers because of the unstable behaviour of its price level and pattern of volatility. This justifies the need to investigate the dynamics of this behaviour for the purposes of economic policy formation, strategies around trade and costs, and revenue calculations for companies of this sector, as well as investment decisions for other sources of energy. Design/methodology/approach: In order to model the occurrence of volatility jumps caused by extreme events, four specifications were used for the ARJI-GARCH conditional jumping methodology developed by Chan and Maheu (2002). The data consist of 2008 daily records of the closing price of light oil (WTI) from January 2010 to December 2017 obtained from NYMEX. Findings: Among several results it was verified that the occurrence of extreme events causes significant changes in the oil price, which goes against the efficient market hypothesis, and that a time-varying conditional jump process can be specified, but it has little sensibility to past shocks and very short-term persistence.

ABSTRACT Purpose: This article aims to understand the controversies present from the insertion of a disruptive technology in a new business model, Uber, in the urban mobility market of Belo Horizonte-MG. Originality/value: The actor-network theory allows us to describe innovation as technical and social, as well as to identify the sociomaterialities that enact and multiple realities from controversies in dispute. The proposal is original in investigating how a disruptive innovation is built as a “fact”, accompanying its stabilization processes. Design/methodology/approach: The research was operationalized from the actor-network theory itself, using cartography to follow the actors in their controversies. The data came mainly from newspapers, postings on social networks and legal materials accessed through the internet (from December 2014 to July 2017). For the presentation of the results, the mandala of actors who dispute positions in controversies and the hierarchical tree of the controversies were used. Findings: The arrangement was marked by several controversies that deal with the legitimacy of the application, the labor relations established by the innovation and the quality of the services provided, each supported by different actors, positions and arguments. Four types of technology identified in this arrangement were identified: 1. user technology; 2. service provision; 3. economic issues; and 4. Uber driver. It is understood, therefore, that the technology has multiple dimensions and is enacted of different forms, and that this arrangement has not yet stabilized.

ABSTRACT Purpose: This study sought to explore the association between the constructs individual absorptive capacity and entrepreneurial intention in successors of rural properties in a cooperative system. Originality/value: The contribution presented expands the field of entrepreneurship studies and family succession, as well as it brings elements for the management of rural properties. Empirically, the results offer new elements for managers of cooperatives and other similar organizations to formulate strategies to assist in the preparation of the successors’ dilemma. Design/methodology/approach: The design of the adopted method followed a quantitative approach, of descriptive level, of the type survey, and transverse section. The study included 84 successors of rural properties, who were participants in a Skills Development Program for the continuity of young people in the management of properties. Questionnaires were used to evaluate the constructs of individual absorptive capacity and entrepreneurial intention. The statistical analysis used the Kruskal-Wallis with the Dunn post hoc adjusted by the Benjamini-Hochberg FDR method, Spearman correlation, and modeling structural equations with estimation by Partial Least Squares. Findings: The main conclusion of the study suggests that the successors with greater perceived behavioral control assimilate and transform more knowledge with applicability potential in the succession management in rural properties.

ABSTRACT Objective: To propose a theoretical model based on nine drivers of service innovation (organizational culture, strategies, research and development, employees, technological trajectory, institutional trajectory, competitors, consumers, and suppliers) in order to comprehend the phenomenon. Originality/value: Given its recent empowerment and the manufacturing focus it has initially received, service innovation still lacks models that seek to comprehend the phenomenon within an encompassing and particular framework. The originality of this study arises from this issue. Design/methodology/approach: The method consists of a multiple case study. We used semi-structured interviews with strategic hospital managers and documental research with an analysis of accounting balances, organograms, and other documents. We addressed the cases from a systemic perspective in order to permit comparison within the same structure. Results: The model permitted us to recognize that the analyzed hospitals were having difficulty innovating, as shown by some characteristics found through the drivers that were proposed by this study. More specifically, the hospitals follow a unidimensional and outdated concept of innovation; that is, they consider innovation in services to be the adoption of technologies from the industry, as shown by Barras (1986). There are also no strategic innovation programs.

ABSTRACT Purpose: This study analyzes the influence of the interactive and the diagnostic use of Management Control Systems (MCS) and slack time on process innovation in incubated companies. Originality/value: Organizational characteristics are associated with processes innovation in organizations with contemporary configuration. The study brings evidence to the contrasting findings of the MCS literature with slack time and process innovation. Design/methodology/approach: A survey was conducted with managers of companies listed on websites of incubators associated with the Associação Nacional de Entidades Promotoras de Empreendimentos Inovadores (National Association of Entities Promoting Innovative Enterprises), obtaining a sample of 106 valid responses. To analyze the data, the Structural Equation Modeling technique was applied to analyze the data. Findings: The results indicated that the interactive use of MCS promotes slack time at work, and the diagnostic use inhibits its creation. However, slack time was not significantly associated with processes innovation, which reveals a dysfunctional role of the slack. The interactive use of MCS had a significant influence on processes innovation. It is concluded that the interactive use prevails when the purpose is to promote processes innovation, as it favors contacts between different hierarchical levels and learning, while the diagnostic use highlights its relevance by inhibiting the creation of slack time, understood as a dysfunction for not leading to processes innovation. This denotes that the interactive and the diagnostic use of MCS are complementary in incubated companies.

ABSTRACT Purpose: The objective of this article is to explain how cognitive conflict happens and what are its contributions to the decision-making processes of management teams in small enterprises (SE). Originality/value: Although SEs are important and numerous, the cognitive conflict in their management team and the strategic decision making of this team are understudied. This article helps to feel this gap with contributions and implications which are helpful for research and practice related to those themes. Design/methodology/approach: The descriptive methodological approach was adopted based on qualitative methods and multicase study (Eisenhardt, 1989). Data were collected with interviews and analyzed within and cross-case procedures, according to Miles and Huberman’s (1994) recommendations. Four cases of SE were studied. Findings: The strategic decision processes were considerably determined by cognitive conflicts. Such conflicts questioned decision possibilities and highlighted aspects related to intuition and improvisation, both normally useful and present in the strategic decision processes of SE. Cognitive conflict inhibits improvisation because its occurrence creates useful questionings in decision making preparation. Those questionings generated deepness in discussion and analysis for decision making in the studied SEs.

ABSTRACT Purpose: This paper analyzes the publications on the “authentic leadership” construct, based on systematic literature review and bibliometric analysis techniques, and aims to identify and analyze data regarding the chronology of publications, the identification of the most prolific journals and authors, research approaches, and the existence of authentic leadership measurement/assessment tools and its applications, besides analyzing the construction of these tools. Originality/value: Of the 431 articles analyzed, those dealing with reviews of literature do not present bibliometric data associated with the analysis of the construct measurement instruments. Design/methodology/approach: A literature review was performed systematically, using the query “authentic leadership” on the Academic Search Premier (Ebsco), Scopus, and Web of Science databases, with no starting date delimitation, with the deadline of December 2018, which resulted in the identification of 1390 articles. After eliminating duplicates and three filters, 431 documents remained for analysis. Findings: Three specific construct measurement/assessment tools were identified: the Authentic Leadership Questionnaire (ALQ), the Authentic Leadership Inventory (ALI), and the Authentic Leadership Integrated Questionnaire (AL-IQ). There is a predominance of quantitative studies from 2008, with a wide application of ALQ. Instruments of quantitative measurement of authentic leadership did not emerge, only tools that evidence the presence of authenticity of leaders.

ABSTRACT Purpose: The ability of individuals to recognize the value of external, corporate-applicable information is critical to organizational absorptive capacity. This study aims to define and operationalize the recognize the value construct, identify its antecedents and predictive power. Originality/value: It analyzes how this construct occurs at the level of the individual, workgroups and processes, besides indicating its relationship with the other predictors present in the literature. The theoretical bases can be classified by Cohen and Levinthal (1990) and Zahra and George (2002). The first one considers absorptive capacity as a stock of knowledge, the second one, as dynamic capacity. Design/methodology/approach: We adopt the Structural Equation Modeling technique to test a variance model, with four predictors of general recognize the value. We use a non-probabilistic sample consisting of 283 individuals who answered an electronic questionnaire. Findings: The results are satisfactory, as the model shows a 40% prediction power of how recognize the value occurs. The work processes were found to show higher predictive power (β = 0.417), meaning that that processes of recognize the value are enablers of the organizational recognize the value of new information. The other hypotheses were also supported, but with comparatively minor effects. The study is limited to the identification and analysis of the effects of predictors and does not contemplate its consequences, whose research is suggested.

ABSTRACT Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to analyze the effect of reward strategies on the success of crowdfunding campaigns. Originality/value: The study contributed to the knowledge of crowdfunding reward strategies. Through a comparative analysis approach, the study demonstrated differences in the effect of tangible, symbolic and collective rewards on the success of crowdfunding campaigns. Design/methodology/approach: The study employs the approach of Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA) to analyze the CF campaigns of catarse.me, a Brazilian crowdfunding platform. Findings: Tangible rewards, such as something special and purchase me, have a positive effect on the success of crowdfunding campaigns. Symbolic and collective rewards, such as collectible tokens, pursuit of pleasure, and top it up, cannot replace the material incentives of tangible rewards. The main findings show the opportunities for combinations of reward strategies on collective fundraising. Based on the study, entrepreneurs are able to plan a reward strategy for crowdfunding campaigns. Results are applicable to reward-based crowdfunding and cannot be generalized to other platforms around the world.

ABSTRACT Purpose: This article aims to explain the relationships between sales capabilities, which are split into personal selling and sales force management, both from the manager’s point of view, and financial/customer performance in market-oriented firms. Originality/value: This research is the first that explores in-depth sales capabilities and demonstrated that these capabilities need a previous strategic orientation. It checks different types of performance that can be the result of these two capabilities. We applied the research in to two types of companies, providing a number of contributions to the theory and practice of marketing. Design/methodology/approach: We conducted a survey with 223 companies that were divided according to their activities: software/service developers and companies that only offer services in information technology and communication sector. Findings: First, the two sales capabilities (personal and managerial) induce different performance, even when they are influenced by the same strategic orientation. Second, the mediation effect reinforces that sales force management capability is stronger than personal selling capability. Third, in service companies, it is important to develop personal selling capabilities. Lastly, they show that software/service companies present a differentiated behavior of service companies.

ABSTRACT Purpose: The study analyzes the occurrence of learning through expe­rience and the development of collective skills as a result of a program aimed to build a culture of innovation. Originality/value: The study contributes to the theoretical discussion about innovation as a social process of experiential learning. From the practical point of view, it shows that the deliberate application of a method and a process in the construction of the innovation culture stimulates the learning of individual and collective abilities favorable to innovation, as well as behavioral and organizational changes. Design/methodology/approach: Participant observation was used to compile the report, and an ex post facto survey based on in-depth interviews was used to evaluate the results. The analysis was based on the phenomenological semiotics with the support of Atlas.Ti® software in the process of description, reduction and interpretation, to apprehend the awareness of the subjects’ experience. Findings: The following results were obtained: 1. the occurrence of collective learning by the construction of solutions based on the combination of ideas of subjects with different perspectives and abilities, and by the deliberate application of a method and a process; 2. building a new collective sense for innovation, as a constantly moving realization, requiring concrete behavioral changes, and a new look at reality. The study also pointed out that the theoretical approach that considers innovation as a social process of experiential learning contributes to the understanding of how the construction of the innovation culture takes place, and that this is part of the process of building innovation itself.

ABSTRACT Purpose: This article aims to describe and analyze the relationship between human resources practices and organizational commitment in a large public urban sanitation company. Originality/value: It has been found that most human resources practices significantly influence organizational commitment, showing that the affective and normative commitment is the most affected and, on a weaker scale, there is the continuance commitment. Design/methodology/approach: The survey was conducted with 349 employees whose formulated hypotheses were verified by multiple regression. Findings: The results indicated a predominance of affective commitment of employees, greater agreement with the practice of human resources associated with benefits and disagreement with the career planning regarding the policies related to the internal selection process, self-development, compensation policy and the promotion process. The multiple regression analysis allowed to confirm the hypotheses postulated, revealing a more significant positive relationship between human resources practices with the types of affective and normative commitment when compared to the continuance commitment. Organizational commitment of the affective type proved to be positively influenced by the human resources practices associated with career planning and benefits, while the commitment of the normative type was positively more induced by the human resources practice related to training and development. Despite the fact that the article revealed results that contribute to the academy, future research must be carried out to improve the relationship between the constructs treated in this study.