Repositório RCAAP

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A sociologia, como toda ciência, é também uma forma de arte. Distintas quanto aos modos de expressão, ciência e arte possuem afinidades substanciais: ambas operam com o mesmo tipo de imaginação criativa e buscam a beleza e a verdade. Argumentando em tomo dessa ideia central, Robert Nisbet considera os cientistas-artistas europeus dos séculos XVII e XVIII, o pioneirismo da arte na expressão de transformações socioculturais e depoimentos de cientistas contemporâneos sobre o processo criativo na ciência. A histórica distinção entre uma ciência metódica, puramente racional e empírica. capaz de chegar à verdade, e uma arte excêntrica e inspirada, estritamente movida pela busca da beleza, é produto da modernidade pós-dupla revolução: a primeira ligada à associação entre ciência e tecnologia: a segunda à rejeição romântica do mundo industrial. A distinção dá origem à arte ornamental à ciência aplicada e prestadora de serviços que caracterizam o século XX, com profundos efeitos sobre n produção sociológica. Baseado na tese central de seu ‘Formação do pensamento sociológico’ (1966), Nisbet opõe as afinidades humanísticas e românticas da sociologia clássica ao predomínio do empiricismo e do formalismo metodológico da sociologia cientificista que se expande a pat1ir dos Estados Unidos. Como outros sociólogos críticos desde fins da década de 50, Nisbet lança mão da sociologia clássica para analisar - e rejeitar - as vertentes cientificistas da sociologia contemporânea em um texto obrigatório para a compreensão do desenvolvimento histórico da disciplina e de uma das principais vertentes que se enfrentam em seu interior em torno da definição do perfil da formação e da produção sociológicas ao longo de sua história

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The article discusses the challenges of advertising in its interaction with public on digital networks and proposes a methodology to map the discursive struggles that occurred in the interaction. It was assumed that there is a potent triad among the concepts of advertising, experience and audiences, and uses the theoretical framework of pragmatism to articulate such concepts. A case was analyzed between the brand of medicines Novalfem and the public of Facebook. The originality of the work consists in proposing the mapping of different rationale logics that emerges from the interaction.

El propósito de este artículo es discutir las posibilidades conceptuales en torno al uso del concepto de consustancialidad en la investigación publicitaria. De esta manera, (a) discutiremos la importancia de los marcadores sociales de diferencia; (b) compararemos los conceptos de consustancialidad e interseccionalidad; y (c) señalaremos las situaciones más adecuadas para utilizar el término de consustancialidad. A partir de un rescate histórico conceptual con base en Kergoat, entendemos que, al analizar las prácticas de los trabajadores en publicidad, la consustancialidad es una alternativa fecunda, ya que parte de la comprensión histórica materialista y también de las relaciones sociales fundamentales (de sexo, clase y “raza”), en toda su complejidad y dinámica, siendo fundamental para las investigaciones que abordan cuestiones de género en la publicidad.

This paper is an experience report on the trajectories taken during the development of a constructivist grounded theory research about effects of counterintuitive ads with same-sex couples on Brazilian heterosexual and LGBT families. This study is guided by a reflexive stance to share some methodological concerns and decision-making that emerged specifically from activities of collective knowledge construction between researchers and research participants (children's parents and/or legal guardians). Among these methodological concerns, the issues raised by Black research participants about the non-representation of Black people within same-sex couples of the selected ads to research practices were most noteworthy. Another opportunity that emerged from this context was the need to strengthen the theoretical framework with perspectives that provide nuance in investigating intersectionality.

Uma nova condição social que evidencia a propensão à mobilidade da vida contemporânea faz emergir os “trecos móveis” que oferecem, facilitam ou dão acesso à mobilidade em potência necessária à vida em constante movimento. O objetivo desse artigo é refletir sobre a emergência desse novo papel social dos objetos e discutir a maneira com que esse fenômeno é midiatizado na publicidade de marcas. Para tal tarefa, colocamos em diálogo os autores John Urry, Daniel Miller e Arjun Appadurai, além de apresentar exemplos de campanhas que relacionam o discurso da mobilidade à diferentes categorias de objetos.

A presente investigação, partindo da percepção sobre a televisão como mediadora do mundo externo que produz outros efeitos de realidade, tem como objetivo compreender e problematizar a interferência da telerrealidade na construção dos mundos televisuais possíveis, na tentativa de atrair o telespectador/consumidor. Para tanto, discute o texto televisual em relação ao seu modelo de texto e aos outros textos com os quais estabelece vínculos, centrando-se nas estratégias discursivas empregadas pela televisão que ofertam ao consumo quatro realidades distintas.

El Templo de Salomón de la ciudad de São Paulo sorprende por su tamaño y lujo faraónico. Además de la gran cantidad de creyentes que atrae a sus rituales. Este artículo tiene el propósito de analizar este signo arquitectónico, su temporalidad, sus referencias, sus discursos y sus símbolos a partir de la semiótica de C. S. Peirce. Esto se considera como una cartografía cognitiva capaz de orientar la comprensión de la complejidad que implica el signo Templo de Salomón. Lo más importante es que su complejidad proviene de la hipercomplejidad de su campo de referencias históricas milenarias, un campo de referencias que la semiótica denomina objeto-signo. En esa medida, este artículo realiza un recorrido histórico hacia la recogida de la densidad de este campo, es decir, llamado en semiótica de experiencia colateral con el objeto-signo. Se espera que este análisis pueda auxiliar al lector a comprender las capas de significado que se superponen en la constitución de ese complejo signo del Templo de Salomón.

Chronic radiation proctitis represents a challenging condition seen with increased frequency due to the common use of radiation for treatment of pelvic cancer. Hemorrhagic radiation proctitis represents the most feared complication of chronic radiation proctitis. There is no consensus for the management of this condition despite the great number of clinical approaches and techniques that have been employed. Rectal resection represents an available option although associated with high morbidity and risk of permanent colostomy. The effectiveness of nonoperative approaches remains far from desirable, and hemorrhagic recurrence represents a major drawback that leads to a need for consecutive therapeutic sessions and combination of techniques. We conducted a critical review of published reports regarding conservative management of hemorrhagic chronic radiation proctitis. Although prospective randomized trials about hemorrhagic radiation proctitis are still lacking, there is enough evidence to conclude that topical formalin therapy and an endoscopic approach delivering an argon plasma coagulation represent available options associated with elevated effectiveness for interruption of rectal bleeding in patients with chronic radiation proctitis.

PURPOSE: This study aims to characterize the peri-intraventricular hemorrhages in the neonatal period in very low birth weight newborns in 2 institutions that provide neonatal tertiary assistance. METHOD: This was a comparative and observational study in 2 neonatal intensive care units, the Maternity Hospital of Campinas and the "Centro de Atenção Integrada à Saúde da Mulher" of the State University of Campinas, from December 01, 1998 to November 30, 1999. We examined 187 newborns for peri-intraventricular hemorrhages, using transfontanel ultrasound (76 and 11 respectively at the first and second unit), and classified them into 4 grades. We observed their gender, intrauterine growth, weight, and gestational age at birth. RESULTS: We diagnosed 34 cases of peri-intraventricular hemorrhages (13 and 21, respectively), and both groups differed as to the birth weight and the adequacy of weight to the gestational age at birth. There was no difference in the prevalence or extent of peri-intraventricular hemorrhages among cases. There was a statistically significant occurrence of lower birth weight at gestational ages of less than 30 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of peri-intraventricular hemorrhages in our study was compared to that reported in the world literature. Although the cases of the second institution had a smaller mean birth weight, the prevalence of peri-intraventricular hemorrhages was similar to that at the first institution, probably because in the first one, 69% of the gestational ages of the neonates with hemorrhage were less than 30 weeks as compared to 48% in the second one. We stress the importance of the ultrasonographic method for diagnosing peri-intraventricular hemorrhages in very low birth weight newborns.

The incidence of vasal injury during inguinal herniorrhaphy is estimated at 0.5%. We sought to assess the patency rates and long-term fertility outcome after microsurgical repair of vasal obstruction related to prior inguinal herniorrhaphy. METHODS: Twenty procedures were performed on 13 men diagnosed with infertility and vasal injury secondary to previous inguinal herniorrhaphy. Eight of these men had undergone bilateral and 5 unilateral inguinal herniorrhaphy. Twelve procedures were vasovasostomies, 3 were crossover vasovasostomies, 2 were vasoepididymostomies, and 3 were crossover vasoepididymostomies. Eight patients were azoospermic, 2 were severely oligospermic (<1 M/mL), 1 was oligospermic, and 2 were asthenospermic. Patency data was obtained on all 13 patients, and pregnancy data was available for 10 couples (77%), with a mean follow-up of 69.5 months. RESULTS: The overall patency rate was 65%. In the vasovasostomy group, the patency rate was 60% (9/15), and in the vasoepididymostomy group it was 80% (4/5). Among the azoospermic patients, 13 procedures were performed. The patency rate was 42.9% for the vasovasostomy (3/7), and 100% for the vasoepididymostomy procedure (4/4). The overall pregnancy rate was 40%. Of the men who underwent vasoepididymostomy, 80% (4/5) established a pregnancy. CONCLUSIONS: Microsurgical vasovasostomy after inguinal vas injury results in a reasonable patency rate but a lower pregnancy rate than that after vasectomy reversal. When microsurgical vasoepididymostomy was possible, it resulted in high patency and pregnancy rate. Crossover vasoepididymostomy, when appropriate, can be a useful alternative to inguinal vasovasostomy.